Progressive Hearing Loss

A person who performs certain job-related tasks for a person with a disability to help overcome limitations resulting from the disability. Examples include a page turner for a person who has no hands, or a travel attendant to act as a sighted guide to assist a blind employee on work-related travel. WPAS may include personal care-related assistance such as helping an employee to access the restroom, eat or drink at work, or travel for business purposes.

Alerting devices can be used to notify a person who is deaf or hard of hearing to sounds in the environment. An individual can be alerted to sounds like a telephone ringing, a doorbell or an emergency alarm through vibration or a light signal. A transmitter detects certain sounds and then sends a signal to a receiver that vibrates or blinks a light.

Medical professionals with hearing loss may find it difficult to use a standard stethoscope. The following resources offer amplified stethoscope products for individuals who are hard of hearing, who cannot place ear tips in the ears due to ear deformity or hearing aid use, or for individuals who work in noisy environments and need amplification or noise attenuation.

Personal assistive listeners reduce problems associated with background noise in one-on-one listening situations. By sending the sound signal directly to the individual's ears (using a headset, ear bud, hearing aid, etc.), an ALD enables an individual to hear and understand important sounds. Personal assistive listeners provide amplification and sound clarity.

Assistive listening systems, also known as assistive listening devices (ALD), transmit sound directly to an individual who is wearing a sound receiver (hearing aid, headphone, neck loop etc.). ALDs reduce problems associated with background noise in one-on-one and group communication. By sending the sound signal directly to the individual's ears, an ALD enables the individual to hear and understand important sounds while also reducing frustration associated with hearing unwanted background noises.There are three major types of ALD technology: FM radio signal, infrared light, and induction loop systems. FM systems transmit sound via radio waves. FM broadcast frequencies (72-76 MHz) are designated for use by FM systems. Infrared systems use lightwaves to send electrical signals to receivers that convert the electrical signals back to electrical energy and then sound. Induction loops use electromagnetic transmission to send sound through a loop of wire surrounding a seating area. A personal amplified system is another ALD option for one-on-one conversations and home media purposes. The personal systems are very small and portable and involve the use of a small microphone and receiver.ALDs can be used to accommodate applicants or employees who are hard of hearing and who benefit from amplification. ALDs can be used for one-on-one communication with coworkers or clients, small group meetings and training situations, or large-area listening situations, such as conferences or social events.   Hearing loop systems generally need to be professionally installed. For a list of installers, see HearingLoop.org's vendor list or another list provided by the Hearing Loss Association of America (.pdf).

Amplification and clarity technology can be beneficial to many people, but sometimes text communication is needed. For individuals who have some degree of functional hearing but who still have difficulty using the telephone, a captioned telephone may be the solution. For example, the Captioned Telephone (CapTel) is a phone that works like any other telephone but it displays live captions of the conversation. The CapTel phone automatically connects to a captioning service where a trained operator transcribes what is being said. The message is then displayed on the phone's display for the CapTel user to read while listening to the caller. Another option that may be helpful to federal employees is Relay Conference Captioning (RCC). This service is available to all federal employees nationwide who are deaf or hard-of-hearing and gives them equal access as participants in conference calls and/or multi-party calls. Relay Conference Captioning is a service of Sprint and GSA. It is made available free of charge to all Federal Employees. For details, visit: http://www.fedrcc.us/fedrcc/.

Individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing may benefit from the use of Communication Access Realtime Translation (CART) services during small and large group communication situations when verbatim conversation is essential to effective communication. CART is a process of converting speech into text through a third party (CART writer). A trained CART writer or stenographer uses a keyboard or stenographic machine to transcribe spoken speech into written text which is then transmitted onto a viewing device (e.g., computer monitor, video screen). Many captioning services offer remote CART and internet captioning where the CART writer is not physically present at the event but can listen-in through a telephone line.

CART enables people who are deaf, hard of hearing, or who have auditory processing difficulties, to participate in meetings and training events by viewing realtime text of the lecture/training/meeting. However, sometimes it is not practical or possible to have a CART writer available on-site. It may be possible to access CART services remotely.

Individuals who have difficulty communicating orally may be able to communicate effectively by typing, writing, or using sign language. In addition, individuals who have difficulty communicating in writing may be able to communicate effectively orally.

Glasses/head-mounted rear-view mirrors, also knows as cyclist's mirrors, consist of a small mirror with a mount designed to attach to eyeglass or sunglass frames.

Disability awareness/etiquette trainings are designed to enhance employees’ awareness on the different ways that individuals with disabilities communicate, move about, tolerate changes and interactions, and view the world around them. This can help increase employees’ sense of confidence and tolerance when interacting with their coworkers who have disabilities. For more information on disability etiquette, please see JAN's A to Z: Disability Etiquette.

The following telephone headset products are designed for use by individuals who need amplification or clarity using a headset. Many of these products are designed for use with t-coil equipped hearing aids while others can be enabled via Bluetooth. Some of these products are to be used with cellular phones and audio devices (e.g. MP3 players), while others can be used with cellular, corded, cordless, single-line, and multi-line phones. Products that offer tone control are also listed. Go to the web sites provided or contact the resources listed for technical assistance regarding these products.

Hearing protection might be used as an accommodation for an individual who is hard of hearing, who needs to work in a noisy environment and still be able to communicate with co-workers. Active hearing protection and special purpose ear muffs that attenuate sound as the noise level rises, may enable effective performance in moderate noisy environments. Hearing aids may fit under certain muff style hearing protectors that have large, rectangular openings. An audiologist may be helpful in determining whether a particular individual can wear hearing aids under hearing protection and what product combination would best suit their needs.