Papers by Advanced Research Journal
Advanced Research Journal, 2025
In a world where Africa's mobile money platforms account for 70% of global transactions-processin... more In a world where Africa's mobile money platforms account for 70% of global transactions-processing more than $1 trillion per year-a clear paradox persists: 1.4 billion individuals in Latin America and Southeast Asia are still excluded from formal banking. This study addresses a critical question: what enabled Kenya's M-Pesa to reach 80% of adults, and how might this approach bridge the inclusion gap in other countries, such as Brazil's cash-dependent favelas or Indonesia's fractured archipelago? We investigate the anatomy of fintech dissemination using comparative policy analysis and adoption barrier modeling in Kenya, Brazil, and Indonesia. Our findings show that M-Pesa's success was not just technological, but also institutional-built on light-touch regulation that empowered telcos, dense agent networks with liquidity guarantees, and easy onboarding. Brazil's Pix, despite its technical brilliance, barely reaches 40% of favela people, owing to bank-centric administration and identity obstacles. Complex KYC laws and limited agent density in Eastern Indonesia lock fishers in a cash economy, resulting in a 22% loss of income due to transaction inefficiencies. Crucially, we demonstrate that Africa's paradigm can be transferred-but not through repetition. Success necessitates contextsensitive adaptation: regulators must replace rigidity with tiered KYC standards, policymakers must create viable agent ecosystems, and institutions must embrace South-South collaboration. This study provides a strategy for changing mobile money from a niche innovation to a universal utility, demonstrating that when ecosystems work together, finance flows like water.
Advanced Research Journal, 2025
This study investigates the thermal comfort characteristics of various bi-layer knitted fabrics c... more This study investigates the thermal comfort characteristics of various bi-layer knitted fabrics constructed using Modal/Bamboo yarn for the outer layer and Microfiber polyester, polyester, or acrylic yarn for the inner layer. A total of seven different bi-layer knitted textiles were produced, and their comfort properties were evaluated through both objective and subjective assessments. The results revealed that the bi-layer fabric with a one-tuck point, made with bamboo as the outer layer, exhibited the best performance. It demonstrated lower moisture absorption and superior air permeability, water vapor permeability, wicking ability, and drying rate compared to the other materials tested. Bi-layer knitted fabrics are being explored due to their advantages over single-layer knits, including better breathability, thermal insulation, and moisture-wicking capabilities. Furthermore, the study provides valuable scientific insight into how different fabric structures and fiber compositions affect thermal comfort. It also discusses various methods for evaluating these comfort-related properties, such as air and water vapor permeability, wicking, and drying rate. These findings can help textile manufacturers develop more advanced, functional sportswear that offers improved comfort and performance for the wearer. In39 addition, by understanding the fabric structureperformance relationship, the research supports innovation and potential use of eco-friendly materials in bi-layer fabric construction.
Advanced Research Journal, 2025
West Africa's textile industry, long a vibrant engine of industrialization, is now facing serious... more West Africa's textile industry, long a vibrant engine of industrialization, is now facing serious deindustrialization as Bangladesh emerges as the world's largest garment exporter. This disparity stems not from labor costs, but from structural supply chain inefficiencies that undermine Nigerian and Ghanaian competitiveness. According to our comparative benchmarking, firms in Nigeria and Ghana pay five times more for electricity than in Bangladesh and have 21day port lead times, drastically reducing export responsiveness and foreign investment attractiveness. Moving beyond diagnostics, this study proposes an integrated reform framework that shows how strategic alignment of infrastructure modernization, renewable energy uptake, and regional institutional collaboration can close the competitiveness gap. Empirical evidence suggests that targeted interventions, such as Nigeria's Lagos-Badagry Textile Corridor, which reduces shipment transit times by 48%, and the ECOWAS Cotton Initiative, which consolidates regional raw material sourcing, can reduce aggregate production costs by 22-30% and shorten lead times by 40-65%. Crucially, energy is transformed from a burden to a competitive asset: by harnessing West Africa's outstanding solar potential, manufacturers may reach energy cost parity with Bangladesh in 18 months. This tripartite approach goes beyond fragmented policy interventions, positioning the region to transition from marginal participation to a dynamically integrated textile powerhouse. Finally, integrating infrastructural, energy, and governance changes unleashes revolutionary potential, stimulating long-term employment, export diversification, and industrial rebirth throughout West Africa.
Advanced Research Journal, 2025
Africa's renewable energy transition promises to be a game-changer-not just for the continent but... more Africa's renewable energy transition promises to be a game-changer-not just for the continent but for the global fight against climate change. With vast solar, wind, and hydropower potential, Africa could drive its own development while supplying clean energy worldwide. Yet beneath this green vision lies a troubling paradox: while foreign investors and multinational corporations reap massive profits, local communities often see little benefit beyond temporary labor and land leases. This paper examines who truly profits from Africa's renewable energy boom, revealing a landscape where neocolonial economic patterns persist under the moral guise of sustainability. Through an analysis of financial flows, ownership structures, and policy frameworks across key projects-from Egypt's Benban Solar Park to South Africa's Cookhouse Wind Farm-we expose how the current model systematically disadvantages African stakeholders. Foreign entities capture up to 80% of economic value, while local job creation remains minimal and technology transfer disappointingly rare. Yet there is hope. Case studies from Namibia and Bangladesh show that enforceable local content policies, community ownership models, and South-South partnerships can shift this dynamic, ensuring renewable energy becomes a tool for empowerment rather than extraction. This paper not only diagnoses the problem but offers a bold roadmap for reform-prioritizing energy sovereignty, equitable value distribution, and industrial transformation. For policymakers, investors, and activists alike, the stakes could not be higher: will Africa's green transition repeat old injustices, or will it finally break the cycle of resource exploitation? The answer will shape not just the continent's energy future but the very meaning of climate justice in the 21st century.
Advanced Research Journal, 2025
Most para-sports disciplines require specialized equipment that supports proper athletic performa... more Most para-sports disciplines require specialized equipment that supports proper athletic performance, ensures comfort and safety, promotes autonomy, and enhances enjoyment from leisure to competition. The high entry-level cost of assistive devices tailored to specific needs often leads athletes to rely on locally made or improvised equipment. This study aimed to assess the satisfaction of para-athletes in Benin and Burkina Faso regarding their competition wheelchairs. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 64 athletes, including 47 wheelchair basketball players, 10 para-tennis players, and 7 para-badminton players from Benin and Burkina Faso. Data were collected using the Canadian version of the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST 2.0) questionnaire. The study identified several factors affecting user satisfaction. Results showed high levels of dissatisfaction with the weight (84%), delivery services (78%), comfort (77%), adaptability (75%), and ease of use (67%) of the wheelchairs. The most important factors identified by athletes were "ease of use" (17%) and "comfort" (15%). Participants also reported issues related to conformity, such as inappropriate dimensions, excessive weight (6-9 kg above standard), and safety concerns (e.g., absence of safety straps and weak bumpers). The economic situation in these countries must be taken into account. Government subsidies and partnerships could help improve access to compliant assistive technologies. It is essential for stakeholders to collaborate in ensuring equitable access to specialized equipment and fostering a more inclusive society for people with disabilities.
Advanced Research Journal, 2025
Tax havens have become a major challenge in the globalization era, since they are facilitating th... more Tax havens have become a major challenge in the globalization era, since they are facilitating the erosion of national tax bases and enabling both legal and illegal economic activities. Despite the international efforts to reduce their power, the inability of criminal policy to effectively combat the prevalence and impact of tax havens remains a critical issue. In this paper, we argue that the failed attempts to combat the phenomenon of tax havens are related to the fact that they constitute a fundamental mechanism of the capitalist system and the unwillingness of states to deal effectively with white collar crime. Future research is needed for anticriminal decision makers as to form effective and holistic policies.
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
Public procurement is a vital process to procure goods, works and services, ensuring accountabili... more Public procurement is a vital process to procure goods, works and services, ensuring accountability that ensures cost and time-savings. However, cost and time reduction is a considerable barrier to the Roads and Highways Department's (RHD) public procurement. In RHD, however, no comparative analysis of the efficiency in the cost and time context of tender notification of award has been explored. Therefore, using a stratified sampling method, the RHD's e-procurement-related PE officers were chosen as a sample. The mean value of notification of award cost and time of the e-tender system and the manual tender system as a continuous normally distributed variable was utilized to compare two groups using the independent samples t-test model. The study's novel contribution is the comparison of efficiency in terms of cost and time context between two sets of manual and e-tender notification of award. According to the survey results, the eprocurement system showed lower costs and time involved in giving notification of award to bidder compared to manual tender. The results will also aid academicians, students and procurement entities improvements to e-GP policy standards. More public procurement entities will be influenced to procure using e-GP system.
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
The prevalence of false alarms in sepsis detection, frequently referred to as "Code Blue for Inef... more The prevalence of false alarms in sepsis detection, frequently referred to as "Code Blue for Inefficiency," continues to pose a significant challenge in intensive care units (ICUs), with approximately 70% of alerts identified as incorrect. In an 18-month cluster randomized controlled trial conducted across 16 institutions, a novel approach was evaluated to better integrate artificial intelligence (AI) prognostic tools into clinical practice. The intervention involved a tiered alarm system that combined Epic's Deterioration Index with a customized sepsis AI model, which was refined using local resistance patterns. Alert intensity was stratified by patient risk: silent monitoring for low-risk patients, pager alerts for medium-risk patients, and Code Blue escalation for high-risk patients. Key outcomes included resource stewardship (avoidable ICU transfers and vasopressor days), clinician strain (NASA-TLX cognitive load), and 30-day sepsis mortality. Implementation of the AI-supported protocol resulted in a 23% reduction in unnecessary ICU transfers (p < 0.01) and an 18% decrease in sepsis mortality, corresponding to one life saved for every nine patients treated (NNT = 9). However, a 14% increase in cognitive strain among nurses was observed. These findings indicate that AI can enhance efficiency and improve patient survival, but effective adoption necessitates workflow redesign to mitigate clinician burden.
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
The goal of this effort is to convert the coarse structure of Urena lobata fibers (ULF), an indig... more The goal of this effort is to convert the coarse structure of Urena lobata fibers (ULF), an indigenous plant from tropical regions producing bast fiber, into a wool-like substance that may be employed in the textile industry. This yarn is treated with 10% (NaOH), 10% (Na₂CO₃), and 10% ammonia during the woolenization process. Each process seeks to copy the benefits of wool by changing the fiber qualities to increase their softness and moisture behavior. Tensile strength, Young's modulus, elongation at break, moisture content, and moisture recovery samples were evaluated by the ISO standard. SEM helps to define the posttreatment geometry of the fiber surface. The Results reveal treated yarn to be the stiffest with the greatest Young's modulus (21.65 GPa) and tensile strength (2347.54 cN). Tensile strength and modulus drop with increased NaOH concentration, even if elongation at break and moisture recovery substantially improve. The 20% NaOH-treated sample demonstrates the highest elongation (7.34%) and moisture recapture (17.49%), therefore showing greater flexibility and hygroscopicity-two critical properties of wool. With only a few adjustments, milder treatments such as 10% Na2CO3 and ammonia retain greater fiber integrity. Article History
10.71350/30621925103, 2026
The teaching of Form One Mathematics, particularly algebra, is largely rooted in algorithmic proc... more The teaching of Form One Mathematics, particularly algebra, is largely rooted in algorithmic procedures. This formalic approach often hinders understanding and makes learning algebra difficult. Researchers note that The Heritage Based Curriculum, with its emphasis on the development of critical thinking and reasoning in Mathematics learning, does not explicitly recommend the adaptation of argumentation as a teaching approach. We addressed the research gap by implementing a pedagogical approach that sets out social norms for promoting argumentation in algebra lessons. The study adopted action research with six purposively selected teachers and used stratified sampling to select 180 learners according to their abilities. Data was gathered using audio recordings of 24 algebra lessons, learners' argument journals, pre-and post-tasks. The quality of the arguments were evaluated using Toulmin's argumentation model. Further, thematic data analysis revealed four learner justified socio mathematical norms: 'Convince your group', 'Mistakes are data', 'Use evidence', and 'Respectful disagreement'. Generalization with evidence increased from 10% to 45%. Pedagogical practices contributed to a 35% increase in learner particiaption and revealed the following changes; improved questioning strategies, using norm-referenced feedback, and using multilingual scaffolding. The study proposes a novel intersection between cultural philosophy and educational practice. Researchers conclude that the explicit norm-setting in lessons is an effective approach to turn algebra lessons into collaborative reasoning communities. The contextual application of argumentation in Form One Mathematics lessons enhances the understanding of algebra. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies that explore how socio-mathematical norms evolve, persist, or shift across different educational contexts.
10.71350/30621925101, 2026
This paper presents a comparative analysis of natural gas and diesel as fuels for gas turbine pow... more This paper presents a comparative analysis of natural gas and diesel as fuels for gas turbine power generation, focusing on efficiency, emissions, and sustainability. The findings indicate that natural gas, owing to its higher hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, achieves significantly lower NOₓ and greenhouse gas emissions compared to diesel. However, diesel exhibits slightly superior thermal efficiency and lower specific fuel consumption under similar operational conditions. Overall, the study concludes that natural gas represents a more sustainable and environmentally favorable option, offering a balanced trade-off between performance, cost, and emission reduction in modern energy systems.
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
The presence of heavy metals in soil and water poses significant ecological and public health con... more The presence of heavy metals in soil and water poses significant ecological and public health concerns, particularly in oil-producing regions. This study assessed the concentrations of chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and cadmium (Cd) in soils and cassava products from the Mmahu area of Niger Delta, Nigeria. Samples were collected from three crude oil exploitation sites, with five farmlands selected per site. At each farmland, soil samples were obtained from two points, composited into 15 samples, air-dried, and sieved. Cassava tubers were harvested near the soil sampling points, peeled, separated into tubers and peels, sun-dried, ground, and bulked to obtain 15 tuber and 15 peel samples. Heavy metal concentrations in soil and plant samples were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate differences in metal concentrations across sites. Contamination Factor (CF) and Degree of Contamination (Cd) were used to assess soil pollution levels, while the Biotranslocation Factor (BTF) evaluated metal movement from soil to cassava tubers. Human health risks associated with cassava consumption were estimated using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Cancer Risk (CR). Results showed that Cr, As, Fe, and Ni concentrations in soils were below FAO/WHO permissible limits, whereas Cd exceeded the recommended threshold. Notably As, Cr, and Cd concentrations were higher in cassava peels and tubers than in the corresponding soils across all sites. CF and Cd indices identified Cd as the major contaminant, followed by moderately contaminated Fe, while Cr, As, and Ni indicated low contamination. BTF values suggest that cassava exhibits in-situ phytoremediation potential. However, EDI, THQ, HI, and CR results indicate bioavailability of these metals, and prolonged consumption of cassava from the study area may pose serious long-term health risks.
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
Philosophical logic has traditionally been conceived as a normative discipline concerned with the... more Philosophical logic has traditionally been conceived as a normative discipline concerned with the principles of valid reasoning, truth preservation, and the formal structure of arguments. From its classical foundations in Aristotelian syllogistic reasoning to its formalisation in the works of Frege, Tarski, and Gödel, logic has been treated as an abstract and implementation-independent framework. However, the emergence and rapid development of computer science have significantly transformed both the scope and interpretation of logic. Rather than functioning solely as a theoretical guide to correct reasoning, logic has become an operational and computational tool embedded in modern technological systems. This paper provides a comprehensive and integrated analysis of the relationship between philosophical logic and computer science, with particular emphasis on the role of logical connectives, namely, conjunction, disjunction, implication, biconditional, and negation, as foundational elements bridging abstract reasoning and practical computation. It examines how these connectives underpin Boolean algebra, digital circuit design, programming languages, database systems, and web technologies such as HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, and JavaScript. Furthermore, the paper explores the extension of logical principles into artificial intelligence, where they support knowledge representation, automated reasoning, and decision-making processes. Beyond applications, the study argues that computer science does not merely apply logic but actively reshapes it. Developments such as the Curry-Howard correspondence, resourcesensitive logics, dynamic and temporal logics, and computational semantics demonstrate that logic is increasingly procedural, contextsensitive, and execution-oriented. Consequently, logic must now be understood as a hybrid normative-computational discipline that integrates abstract reasoning with algorithmic processes. The paper concludes that the future of logic lies in its continued interaction with computational practice, where philosophical insights and technological innovations jointly redefine the nature of reasoning, meaning, and intelligent systems. Article History
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
Mental health and psychological well-being are critical determinants of employee productivity, jo... more Mental health and psychological well-being are critical determinants of employee productivity, job satisfaction, and institutional effectiveness. In tertiary education settings, academic and non-academic staff are exposed to substantial occupational demands that may predispose them to psychological distress. Hence, this study examined the assessment of psychological well-being and mental health among academic and non-academic staff in Lagos State tertiary institutions. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Participants comprised 406 academic and non-academic staff selected from four public universities in Lagos State using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using standardized measures of psychological well-being and mental health. Pearson product-moment correlation, independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed for data analysis. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between mental health and environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and selfacceptance. Autonomy did not show a significant relationship with mental health. Marital status and sex did not significantly influence psychological well-being or mental health. However, academic staff reported significantly higher psychological well-being than nonacademic staff, although no significant group difference was found in mental health. The study concludes that Institutional mental health promotion strategies should prioritize psychological well-being enhancement to improve staff mental health and organizational effectiveness.
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
This study develops a theoretical and conceptual framework to explain how artificial intelligence... more This study develops a theoretical and conceptual framework to explain how artificial intelligence (AI) contributes to economic growth through institutional innovation channels. Integrating Schumpeterian growth theory with institutional economics, AI is conceptualized not merely as a productivity-enhancing input but as a general-purpose technology that reduces information asymmetries, lowers transaction costs, and improves governance quality. The paper proposes that AI adoption stimulates institutional innovation, which in turn increases total factor productivity and supports sustainable growth. A stylized-facts analysis based on OECD and World Bank indicators shows that economies with higher digital capacity, R&D intensity, and stronger institutions exhibit superior productivity and growth performance. The findings suggest that the growth effects of AI are conditional on institutional quality and organizational adaptability. The study contributes to the literature by linking technology, institutions, and growth within a unified framework and provides policy implications for digital transformation and longterm development strategies.
Advanced Research Journal, 2026
Background: This observational study compares the use of thromboelastography (TEG) in the diagnos... more Background: This observational study compares the use of thromboelastography (TEG) in the diagnosis of Normal Foot (NP/C), Diabetic Foot (DF), Diabetic Foot with Ulcer (DFU), and Ulcer without Diabetic Foot (WDFU). Research suggests that blood fibrinogen (Fib) concentrations are used to assess the onset and severity of diabetic foot (DF) and to monitor its progression in patients. However, a correlation between TEG and Fib has not been reported in these patients. Methods: This study correlates DF, DFU, NP, and WDFU with α-angle values, clot formation time (k), and Max Amplitude (MA) from Thromboelastography (which reflect Fib function), as well as blood fibrinogen. Patients studied were divided into five groups, and their blood samples underwent TEG. Subsequently, the parameters R, k, αangle, and MA were analyzed. Primary and secondary hemostatic profile was examined using TEG and fibrinogen levels and was classified as hypo-, hyper-, and normo-coagulable. Results: Presence of an ulcer had a positive effect on the correlation between Fib and MA parameter in TEG both before ( =0.65, p=0.36) and after surgery ( =0.64, p=0.32), in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients; Median k and fibrinogen levels significantly increased in subjects with DF compared to those without, particularly in those with ulcer (DFU). α angle levels (median) significantly decreased in subjects with DF with ulcer compared to those without (p<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis () showed that α angle and Fib were weakly negatively correlated in the DF classification ( =-0.27, p = 0.12) preoperatively and positively ( = 0.25, p = 0.16) postoperatively. α value was positively correlated in the DF ( = 0.40, p < 0.05) preoperatively and negatively correlated in the DF ( =-0.2, p = 0.26) postoperatively. ROC curve analysis showed that in patients with pre-surgery fibrinogen levels between 401 and 600 mg/dL, the optimal cutoff point for the α angle to distinguish patients with DF from those without was 53.5°, with a sensitivity and specificity of 63.6%. In the same patients, the Article History
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Papers by Advanced Research Journal