Papers by Olukayode Akinyemi
African Review of Physics, Dec 6, 2008
The aim of this paper is to describe how simple and inexpensive equipment can be fabricated and u... more The aim of this paper is to describe how simple and inexpensive equipment can be fabricated and used in the determination of thermal conductivity of rock samples. We used an experimental technique, known as the transient method of measuring thermal properties of rock samples, to investigate samples found in five different locations (Ewekoro, Ile-Ife, Igara, Ago-Iwoye and Abeokuta) in South Western regions of Nigeria. The rock samples are: limestone, dolerite, marble, gneiss, and granite. Although the samples are multi-mineral as revealed by photomicrograph, the thermal conductivity results obtained at values, 1.40, 1.50, 1.57, 1.75, and 2.94 W/m 0 C, are found to be consistent with those in literature and were obtained using highly expensive and sophisticated equipment not easily affordable in a developing nation.
3D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey of a typical basement complex terrain
... Extensive work has been done using 1D resistivity surveying (Jones and Hockey 1964, Ajayi and... more ... Extensive work has been done using 1D resistivity surveying (Jones and Hockey 1964, Ajayi and Adegoke 1988; Okwueze and Ezeanyim 1991 ... Location 1 (Opposite Chief Olatunde Abudu Building): 152m, 7.23232°N, 3.43952°E; 153m, 7.23260°N, 3.43958°E; 153m, 7.23261°N ...
Wave velocity variation with temperature: influential properties of temperature coefficient ($$\partial {\varvec{V}}/\partial {\varvec{T}}$$) of selected rocks
Environmental Earth Sciences, Sep 1, 2021
Implications of mild weather conditions on the temporal evolution of subsurface temperature and water content: Part A
African Journal of Science and Technology, 2010
Background and Objective: Heat stress resulting from climate change has increasingly challenged t... more Background and Objective: Heat stress resulting from climate change has increasingly challenged the sustainability of poultry production in the tropics. This study determined the effect of early-age thermal conditioning in selected local and exotic chickens in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: On day six, twenty chicks each from Cobb 500 (C500), Ross 308 (R308) and improved Nigerian indigenous broiler-FUNAAB Alpha (FA) strains were thermally conditioned at 40±1°C for 3 hrs. Conditioned and unexposed chicks were acutely challenged at 40±1°C for 15 min on day ten, just before collecting blood and tissue samples for haematology and qPCR, respectively. Results: Thermal conditioning significantly (p<0.05) lowered all heat stress indices in this study. Significance (p<0.05) was observed on haematological parameters and BDNF gene expression by interactive effect of strain and thermal conditioning. The highest means for packed cell volume, haemoglobin and red blood cell counts were recorded in conditioned C500 while conditioned FA had the highest expression of BDNF. Conclusion: This study showed that response to perinatal heat conditioning in chickens is strain-specific. To tackle climate change effects in the southwestern part of Nigeria and generally, in the tropics, it is recommended that farmers thermally condition commercial broiler chicks.
Journal of Waste Water Treatment and Analysis, Sep 23, 2013
Nigeria as an Assistant Lecturer in 1998. He is presently an Associate Professor of Environmental... more Nigeria as an Assistant Lecturer in 1998. He is presently an Associate Professor of Environmental Earth Physics and the immediate past Head of Department of Physics in the same Institution. His areas of interest are coupled heatmass flow in the subsurface, underground/surface water pollutions and hydrothermal properties of porous media. He is a Fellow of the Indian Society of Earth Scientists, and has more than 20 publications in reputable journals.
Effect of thermal conditioning on serum electrolytes, metabolites, corticosterone and expression of CRH gene in selected chicken strains
Journal of Applied Genetics
Assessment of seasonal variation of saltwater intrusion using integrated geophysical and hydrochemical methods in some selected part of Ogun Waterside, Southwest, Nigeria
Environmental Earth Sciences, 2021
This study presents the seasonal variation of saltwater intrusion in Ogun Waterside using a combi... more This study presents the seasonal variation of saltwater intrusion in Ogun Waterside using a combine electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and groundwater physicochemical analysis. The ERT survey was completed with 22 profiles using dipole–dipole array method covering seven major communities (Imakun-omi, Irokun, Isekun, Ode-omi, Iwopin, Itebu-elero, and Ayila) east of Lagos. The field survey was carried out between August 2016 and March 2017 with a minimum electrode spacing of 2.5 m. The inverted model generally revealed a resistivity range of 1.0 Ωm–100,000 Ωm delineated through a depth range of 37 m–197 m. The model obtained for Imakun-omi, Irokun, Isekun, and Ode-omi revealed significant impact of saltwater intrusion from nearby lagoon, sea, or creeks indicated as low-resistivity structures generally below 20 Ωm. The intrusion is more pronounced during the dry season due to decrease in groundwater level associated with low precipitation and possibly aggravated by high rate of groundwater extraction. Groundwater physicochemical analysis obtained in the study area revealed a general increase in the ionic concentrations with a corresponding increase in the water quality index (WQI) during dry season. The calculated WQI for the wet and dry seasons revealed good-to-excellent water quality in most samples taken in the study area except for samples taken in the southern part which were found within the poor-to-very poor water quality category. Evidence from the physicochemical analysis of groundwater samples corroborates the ERT result viz-a-viz the aquifer contamination status of Imakun-omi, Irokun, Isekun, and Ode-omi.
Groundwater quality assessment using physico-chemical parameters and pollution sources apportionment in selected farm settlements of Southwestern Nigeria
International Journal of Energy and Water Resources, 2022
The use of groundwater for drinking, domestic or agricultural purposes depends on the ambient qua... more The use of groundwater for drinking, domestic or agricultural purposes depends on the ambient quality which is conventionally assessed by measuring and comparing the physico-chemical parameters with the standard limits. This study assessed 15, 12 and 5 water samples from Ajegunle, Akufo and Eruwa farm settlements of Southwestern Nigeria respectively; using 24 physico-chemical parameters and hydrochemical facies via Piper trilinear plot. Pollution sources were also determined using Principal Component Analysis. The samples were collected and analyzed during both dry and wet seasons using standard laboratory procedures. Magnesium concentrations for the two seasons were found to be significantly higher than the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality limit for the three farm settlements, depicting a possibility of magnesium pollution. All the water samples from the three farm settlements were revealed to be of the ‘alkalies (Na + K) exceed alkaline earths (Ca + Mg)’ type. Pollution sources identified were percolation of solids, weathering, hardness, nutrient, mineral dissolution, organic pollution, agricultural run-off, leachate from fertilizers/manures and agricultural activities. Based on these findings, crops that require high levels of magnesium, effective pollution prevention/control as well as reliable and sustainable agricultural waste management strategies are recommended for the farm settlements.
Geo-chemical investigation of groundwater salinity status in selected coastal areas of south western Nigeria
Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2021
Groundwater remained main source of drinking water in Nigeria. Hydro-geochemical study was carrie... more Groundwater remained main source of drinking water in Nigeria. Hydro-geochemical study was carried out to assess the influence of seawater on the chemical composition of groundwater in Badagry, Ikorordu, Epe, and Ondo Water side south western Nigeria. One hundred and ninety two (192) groundwater samples were collected from forty-eight (48) sampling points along the coastlines for four seasons (2015 through 2017). Analyses were carried out using standard procedures. Salinity-related parameters of the groundwater samples showed a range of 5.09–7.29 (pH), 1056–2249 µS/cm (electrical conductivity), 513.30–1439.30 mg/L (total dissolved solid), 43.15–2147 mg/L (alkalinity), 51.5–995. 5 mg/L (Cl−), 2.75–11.75 mg/L (SO42−), 8.78–32.11 mg/L (Na+), 24.42–45.44 mg/L (K+) 0.56–2.75 mg/L (Ca2+), 0.09–5.55 mg/L (Mg2+), and 7.2–39.15 mg/L (Hardness), respectively. Groundwater ionic characters were in order of HCO3− > Cl− > SO42− for anions and K+> Na+ > Ca+ > Mg2+ for cations. Though concentration of bicarbonate was high as expected of inland water, salinity-related parameters were above the acceptable limits. Results revealed that the groundwater samples in the areas have saline water signatory probably as a result of prevailing climate influence (sea-level rise and flooding) which predisposes the users to diverse infections and other cardiovascular diseases associated with intake of saltwater. Water quality index also showed that groundwater in the areas are contaminated and unfit for human consumption. Achieving water sustainability in the area would demand appropriate water safety plan and proper water treatment.
This paper presents an imaging technique called Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) which is a ... more This paper presents an imaging technique called Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) which is a purely medical imaging technique, for imaging and detecting underground contaminants in landfill sites in Abule Egba and Solous 1 dumpsites in Lagos, Nigeria. Conventional electrical imaging technique using Wenner configurations was also carried out on each of the sites in order to validate the EIT results. Three methods of impedance data acquisition techniques were employed; neighboring, opposite and cross and the inversion of the data was accomplished using the Electrical Impedance and Diffuse Optical Reconstruction Software (EIDORS) version 3.0 toolkit for MATLAB to obtain three- dimensional conductivity profiles. The scheme utilized in this work is a forward solution solved with a mesh of 768 finite elements with 205 nodes. The conventional electrical resistivity data was inverted using DIPRO software to obtain 2D resistivity structures. With the aid of the 3D impedance tomograms, tw...
Civil and environmental research, 2014
Water is essential to maintain and sustain human life, animal and water therefore is important in... more Water is essential to maintain and sustain human life, animal and water therefore is important in that it is essential for growing food, for household water uses, as a critical input into industry, for tourism and cultural purposes, and for its role in sustaining the earth's ecosystem. The study is to determine the direction of ground water flow and also establish the parametric relationship of the measured topographical and derived data for the management of exploration and exploitation of groundwater in shallow aquifers of the study area. The methods involve the selection of ten wells within the University campus. The wells were used to obtain information on ground water topographical information. Data was acquired using a Global Positioning System (GPS) Garmin 76csx which is a satellite based equipment for position determination. The data acquired were wells coordinates and the elevation of the well location above mean seal level (amsl), while the water level values of wells ...
Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 2021
Physicochemical and ionic characteristics of groundwater aquifers have been of tremendous importa... more Physicochemical and ionic characteristics of groundwater aquifers have been of tremendous importance in water applications. Groundwater in selected coastal communities (Badagry, Epe, Ikorodu, and Ilaje/ese-odo) of south-western Nigeria was assessed for domestic and irrigation suitability. One hundred and ninety-two (192) groundwater samples were obtained and analyzed for chemical composition and major ionic ratio over a period of four seasons using standard methods. Results indicated abundance of ions in the order HCO3– > Cl–> SO42– for anions, and K+ > Na+ > Ca2+> Mg2+ for cations. Piper's diagram revealed calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) as the dominant cations, while sulphate and chloride were the dominant anions with a mixture of two major groundwater types: Ca–Cl water and mixed Ca–Mg–Cl. The presence of Ca–Cl facies water type suggests potential ion exchange (Na2+ with Ca2+) reaction in these coastal aquifers. Cation exchangeable values (CEV), and molar r...
Determination of Thermal Conductivities of Some Metal Materials and Clay
Physical Science International Journal, 2018
This work was carried out to determine the thermal conductivities of some selected metals (copper... more This work was carried out to determine the thermal conductivities of some selected metals (copper, brass, steel and aluminium) using silver parameters as standard values to calculate for other four metals. Determination of thermal conductivity of metallic materials is very useful in many engineering applications including electronics, automobiles and civil engineering purposes. The apparatus used in this work include retort stand, metal rods of different materials, burner and thermometers. The thermal conductivity of local material (clay) was also determined after verifying that the method has worked for the materials of known thermal conductivities. This was done by calculating the heat supplied to silver metal rod with a known thermal conductivity of 428 W/m.K. By increasing the temperature at various heat supply (2.5 W, 4.0 W, 6.0 W and 8.0 W), corresponding thermal conductivities were calculated for each metal and the local material. The results showed that with the small range of quantity of heat used in this work (2.5 – 8.0 W), Brass, Original Research Article Bello and Ogundare; PSIJ, 19(3): 1-8, 2018; Article no.PSIJ.42962 2 Copper and Clay showed a linear increase in thermal conductivity as the quantity of heat increases, while Aluminium and Steel showed a linear decrease in value of thermal conductivity. Also, the thermal conductivity of the local clay was determined to be 9.38 .
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2017
Variation of temperature in the ground with time and depth from the surface is a natural phenomen... more Variation of temperature in the ground with time and depth from the surface is a natural phenomenon which affects most physical and chemical properties of soil. Records of soil temperature were obtained at five depths (2, 50, 100, 150, and 200 cm) below the surface of the earth at Akole, Abeokuta, between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2014. The soil temperature varied from 27.75 °C at depth 200 cm to 29.9 °C at 2 cm. The diurnal temperature range for depths between 2 and 200 cm during the dry season was higher (about 18 °C) than that during the rainy season (about 12 °C). The temporal variation of ground temperature from the surface at different depths was analyzed by Fourier technique, and thermal diffusivity was computed using amplitude and phase angles of the first three harmonics of the annual thermal wave. The coefficients of soil temperature obtained by Fourier analysis depict the impartial description of the variation with depth of the soil temperature waves. Among the three harmonics calculated, the first harmonic described soil temperature variation to 95.07% while the first two harmonics described the variation to 98.72%. Further harmonics contribute insignificantly to the improvement of the variation. The annual damping depths of the study area calculated from the phase angle and amplitude angle and directly from daily average soil temperatures were 217.39, 227.27, and 217.90 cm, respectively. In the same vein, thermal diffusivity of the study area was found to be 5.1463 × 10 -7 , 4.708 × 10 -7 , and 4.7305 × 10 -7 m 2 /s, respectively. The annual amplitude, the mean wavelength, and the phase displacement at the surface were 2.68 cm, 14.0 m, and 31.38 days, respectively.
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2018
Near-surface water content (NSWC) is a variable in space and time that significantly affect physi... more Near-surface water content (NSWC) is a variable in space and time that significantly affect physical processes. The complex interactions between the atmosphere and the surface as well as between the surface and underground, which results in exchange of energy and moisture at quantities varying with time, make it difficult to estimate the NSWC. The traditional techniques of measuring NSWC give point data that does not represent the spatial profile. In this work, attempt was made to estimate the NSWC of an area in Abeokuta using water balance and regression approach. The study was carried out at Akole,
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2017
Thermal inertia (I) is an important parameter in the Earth's thermal study. There is no doubt tha... more Thermal inertia (I) is an important parameter in the Earth's thermal study. There is no doubt that correct and up-todate knowledge of thermal inertia particularly as it is affected by the land use/cover will provide good and useful information to agriculturists and environmental scientists. In this work, thermal inertia of Abeokuta City of Ogun State, southwestern Nigeria, was determined. Map of the study area was gridded using 2-min resolution which gave 5 × 5 sampling points from where core samples were collected. Bulk density (ρ s ), thermal conductivity (λ s ), and heat capacity (C s ) of the samples were determined. The pattern of variation of the city view of I (in the order of ×10 3 Jm -2 s -1/2 K -1 ) showed that the main urban built-up part of the study area, Abeokuta South, had the highest I mean , 0.76160 with standard deviation of 0.032547 and standard error of 0.01455541. The trend also varied along each sampling latitudinal line. It ranges between 0.509 and 0.756 on latitude 7°14′, 0.557 and 0.768 on latitude 7°12′, 0.642 and 0.782 on latitude 7°10′, 0.7 and 0.794 on latitude 7°08′, and between 0.642 and 0.728 on latitude 7°0 6′. Hence, we have estimated thermal inertia of Abeokuta using the thermophysical properties of the study area. Thermal inertia tends to gradually decrease with distance from the city center (Abeokuta South). This result is promising in possible future consideration of urban ground heat energy conversion to other forms of energy.
Students sit for most of the time on school furniture in the classroom. However, the design of sc... more Students sit for most of the time on school furniture in the classroom. However, the design of school furniture in Nigeria using the anthropometric data of the users has yet to be given adequate attention. This study was carried out to obtain anthropometric data of students in higher institutions of learning in Nigeria for the design of ergonomics chairs and tables for use by students in those institutions. Seven hundred and twenty (720) students in three selected institutions participated in the study. Various body dimensions (sitting elbow height, shoulder height, knee height, popliteal height, buttock-popliteal length, stature and body weight) of the students were measured using standard anthropometer and 5th, 50th, and 95th percentiles of the data obtained were computed using a SPSS 16.0 statistical package. The existing furniture dimensions in the selected institutions were also measured. Based on the obtained anthropometric data, this paper proposes furniture design dimensions...
Management Science Letters, 2012
The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nig... more The anthropometric data of student in selected tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria was investigated and this was compared with some selected foreign countries. The study was to determine whether design improvement and further study is required in order to improve the conditions in Nigeria tertiary institutions. The anthropometrics measurements data were collected from 720 students of selected institutions. The data indicate a substantial degree of variability between the Nigerian tertiary students' body and the foreign counterparts. Since most of the furniture in use in our tertiary institutions in Abeokuta, Nigeria were designed and constructed using the anthropometric data of students in foreign countries, there is need for anthropometric data of Nigerian students in the tertiary institution for the design and construction of furniture to suit them. The result is of great concern which could affect students in other institutions throughout Nigeria and could also pose a great risk of having back problem among students in Nigeria. Statement of Relevancy: The chair and table used in Nigeria were designed with reference to the measurement of other countries. The database of the Nigerian students will be very useful parameter in guiding principle for the designing of future equipment to be used in classrooms, laboratories and lecture theaters of the institutions.
Geophysical survey using 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography was conducted at Isara-Remo to deli... more Geophysical survey using 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography was conducted at Isara-Remo to delineate the sedimentary/basement contact as well as to prospect for the groundwater resources. Ten profiles were investigated using the Dipole-dipole array configuration and the resistivity data were processed and inverted using AGI Earth Imager software. The models obtained revealed the lithological composition of the area characterized generally by topsoil, sand, laterite, saturated sandy clay, dry sandy clay, dry clay, saturated clay, sandy clay, clayey sand, sandstones, coarse sand, shale, quartzite rock and basement rock. The models of the studied areas revealed resistivity ranges of 20.4 Ωm − 1832 Ωm; 11.6 Ωm − 327 Ωm; 6.4 Ωm − 2954 Ωm; 1.9 Ωm − 2767 Ωm; 25.7 Ωm − 1607 Ωm; 51.6 Ωm − 929 Ωm; 35.7 Ωm − 2659 Ωm; 42.5 Ωm − 1562 Ωm; 49.4 Ωm − 6113 Ωm; and 82 Ωm − 6783 Ωm for profile 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09 and 10 respectively with corresponding depths of investigation at 174m, ...
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Papers by Olukayode Akinyemi