Papers by Ali Fathi-Ashtiani
Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Jul 14, 2021
From the earliest days of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, all countries have been trying t... more From the earliest days of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks, all countries have been trying to develop vaccines and medications to fight the virus. Finally, a year after the COVID-2019 pandemic, several companies developed vaccines that were safe against this disease. However, the lack of doses of these vaccines created problems for various countries. Ethically, some groups should be highly prioritized according to their need and necessity of receiving the vaccine. Based on the results of current studies, safe and effective vaccination can be effective for the elderly and patients with chronic diseases and prevent the death of such people extensively. Since the national vaccination in Iran has started on February 12, 2021, with the priority of the medical staff, it is necessary to pay more attention to the elderly and patients with chronic diseases in future planning regarding the COVID-19 vaccination.
Journal of Military Medicine, Jul 19, 2021
Background and Aim: Dispositional Resiliency is an important area of military-related research. D... more Background and Aim: Dispositional Resiliency is an important area of military-related research. Due to the importance of resilience, the development of appropriate tools for evaluating and measuring it has been considered by researchers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Dispositional Resiliency Scale. Methods: This study is descriptive and psychometric research. The statistical population of this study was one of the military units based in Tehran. From this population, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 310 people were selected by the available sampling method. The instruments used were the 15-item Dispositional Resilience Scale (DRS-15), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42), and the Generic Job Satisfaction Scale (GJSS). The factor structure of the questionnaire was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Also, divergent validity was assessed with the DASS-42 questionnaire, and convergent validity was assessed with the job satisfaction questionnaire and in order to determine the reliability, test-retest methods and calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used. The collected data were analyzed using version 25 of SPSS software, version 22 of AMOS software. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis determined hierarchical model that three first-order factors (commitment, control and challenge) are explained by a higher-order factor (χ 2 /df = 1.21, GFI = 0.95, CFI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.02, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.02). The correlation of the total score of DRS-15 with depression (-0.42), anxiety (-0.37), stress (-0.37), and job satisfaction (0.37) was significant (P < 0.01). Also, the internal consistency of the factors assessed by Cronbach's alpha method was from 0.87 to 0.88, and the test-retest reliability after a 4week interval was confirmed
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection-Related Stigma, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Iranian Healthcare Workers
PubMed, 2022
Background: Psychological conditions aggravate during outbreaks. Here, we have discussed the exis... more Background: Psychological conditions aggravate during outbreaks. Here, we have discussed the existing COVID-19 depression, anxiety, and stress and the resulting stigma and its different aspects in Iranian health care workers and their 1st-degree relatives. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, information of our study groups (237 participants including health care workers and their nuclear family members) was collected via two online stigma and depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS) questionnaires. Results: The DASS questionnaire's mean depression, anxiety, and stress scores were 13.59 ± 5.76, 11.07 ± 4.38, and 15.05 ± 5.86, respectively, in our study population. Marriage status was effective on depression and stress scores. Married participants were having less depression (P = 0.008) but more stressful (P = 0.029) than single ones. Education was found to be effective on anxiety and stress scores. Those with an associate, master, Ph.D., and higher college degrees were significantly less anxious and stressed than those with a diploma or bachelor's degrees (P = 0.032 and 0.016, respectively, for anxiety and stress). Participants with a history of psychiatric conditions showed significantly higher depression, anxiety, and stress rates than those without a past psychiatric condition (P = 0.001). Healthcare workers and their nuclear family members suffer from severe stigma (mean stigma scores were 33.57 and 33.17, respectively). Conclusions: Healthcare workers and their nuclear family members in Iran suffer from severe COVID-19 related stigma. We also showed that depression, anxiety, and stress are common among Iranian Healthcare workers and their nuclear family members during this pandemic. This study showed that people with preexisting psychiatric conditions need extra mental care during the pandemic.
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, Apr 15, 2010
Caspian journal of health research, 2023
Background: A high incidence of obsessive behaviors has been reported during the COVID-19 pandemi... more Background: A high incidence of obsessive behaviors has been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study was carried out to estimate the effectiveness of cognitivebehavioral therapy based on mindfulness of psychological distress and tolerance of ambiguity in patients with COVID-19 obsession. Materials & Methods: The present pretest-posttest study with a control group was conducted on patients with COVID-19 obsession in 2021. The required information was collected using the COVID-19 obsession scale, a short form of psychological distress, and a tolerance of ambiguity questionnaire. The experimental group obtained ten 90-minute classes of cognitive-behavioral therapy based on mindfulness. The adjusted post-test scores were compared using an analysis of covariance. Results: The Mean±SD age of participants in the experimental and control group was 31.84±4.68 and 34.09±7.05 years, respectively. Cognitive-behavioral therapy based on mindfulness significantly reduced anxiety (F=41.99, P=0.001, η 2 =0.63), depression (F=27.19, P=0.001, η 2 =0.53), stress (F=26.92, P=0.001, η 2 =0.52), and increases tolerance of ambiguity (F=31.63, P=0.001, η 2 =0.57), in patients with COVID-19 obsession disorder. Conclusion: The findings indicated that cognitive-behavioral therapy based on mindfulness appreciably improves the mental health of sufferers with COVID-19 obsession. Considering the long-term effects of COVID-19, psychology and counseling facilities should take measures to become aware of and treat vulnerable groups.
Evaluation of Phobia, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about SARS-CoV-2 Infection, a Study on Healthcare Workers and Their 1st Degree Relatives
PubMed, Aug 31, 2022
Background: Phobia as a psychological disorder seems to be aggravated during health crises like t... more Background: Phobia as a psychological disorder seems to be aggravated during health crises like the current COVID-19 outbreak. On the other hand, people's knowledge about a situation can help decrease the resulting fear. Study design: This is a cross-sectional analytical study to evaluate the COVID-19 related phobia and to measure knowledge, attitude, and practice of our target Iranian population about COVID-19. Methods: In this study, DSM-5 specific phobia questionnaire, adapted to SARS-CoV2-19 infection, was used to evaluate the COVID-19 related phobia. Moreover, the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire, specific for SARS-CoV-2 infection, was applied. Results: Phobia score was significantly higher in 1st-degree relatives of healthcare staff (20.38±5.82) than healthcare staff (18.36±5.68) (p=0.021). Females showed a significantly more severe phobia (20.27±5.41) than males (17.72±5.35, p=0.001). COVID-19 phobia was significantly more severe in those with past psy-chiatric conditions than in those without psychiatric history (p<0.05). The 1st-degree relatives of healthcare staff had a significantly lower level of knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 infection (8.19±1.65) than healthcare staff (9.08±1.28, p=0.001). Additionally, age had a positive significant correlation with knowledge and practice towards SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusion: Both Iranian healthcare staff and 1st-degree relatives of healthcare workers are suffering from moderate COVID-19 phobia. Females are more concerned than males about COVID-19. Phobia is more severe in people with underlying psychiatric conditions than other people. The knowledge level of Iranian healthcare workers and 1st-degree relatives of healthcare staff about COVID-19 is acceptable but it needs improvement in certain areas.
Psychometric properties of the Persian version of Social Avoidance and Distress scale (SADS)
Systems Research and Behavioral Science, Jul 2, 2017
Journal of Military Medicine, Jul 15, 2012
Aims: Suicide is not a random event among soldiers and happens as a result of a course of thought... more Aims: Suicide is not a random event among soldiers and happens as a result of a course of thoughts, behaviors, circumstances and inter-personal relations which mostly originate from some time before the military training period. The goal of the present research was to determine the background factors of suicide and self-mutilation among soldiers of a military unit. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on all soldiers of a military unit that had attempted suicide or self-mutilation from 2004 to 2007. Samples were selected by census method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The required data were extracted from the suicide and selfmutilation files and were analyzed by SPSS 17 software using descriptive statistical methods and analytical tests such as Chi-Square test. Results: 44% of the studied individuals had the history of self-mutilation or committing suicide. The most frequent background factors of self-mutilation and suicide were mental disorders (37.2%). family problems (36.7%), challenges with co-workers and work environment (13.8%). Majority of suicides were committed in winter. The suicide methods were use of firearms (49.9%), stabbing (25.2%), taking drugs (18.5%), hanging up (4.4%), taking oil and hand-washing liquid (1.2%) and a jumping from height (0.9%). Conclusions: According to the obtained background factors, soldiers should be screened by the time of arrival at military environments and at regular intervals. Preventive interventions such as training, consultation and psychotherapy should be also performed.
I In nt tr ro od du uc ct ti io on n: : The main purpose of the present research was to compare l... more I In nt tr ro od du uc ct ti io on n: : The main purpose of the present research was to compare learning strategies used by successful and unsuccessful students. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d m me et th ho od ds s: : Six hundred and five third-year students were randomly selected from all-girl high schools in Tehran based on their level of academic achievement. The students were enrolled in one of three groups: the Mathematics group (which included Math and Physics), the Experimental Sciences group (Biology and Chemistry), or the Humanities Group (Sociology and History). The very highest and lowest achieving students in each of these groups were compared (using t-tests and discriminant analysis) for their use of four learning strategies: Rehearsal, Elaboration, Organization, and Comprehension Monitoring. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : In each of the three groups, there were significant differences between the successful and unsuccessful students in the use of learning strategies. In all three groups, high achieving students relied more than low achieving students on Comprehension Monitoring, but there was no difference in the use of Rehearsal. There was a difference between groups in the use of Elaboration or Organization. In the Mathematics and the Humanities groups, high achieving students relied more than low achieving students on Elaboration, whereas in the Experimental Sciences group, high achieving students relied more on Organization. Moreover, discriminant analysis showed that the use of Elaboration by students in the Mathematics and Humanities groups and Comprehension Monitoring by students in the Experimental Science group contributed most to educational achievement. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on ns s: : Learning strategies make a difference for academic achievement. Therefore, we must familiarize ourselves with a variety of learning strategies, learn them and teach them to our students, and we should attempt to change the idea that students can discover strategies by themselves in order to help our children grow to their fullest potential and prosper. K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s: : learning strategies, successful and unsuccessful students, academic achievement.
Iranian Journal of Health Sciences
Background and Purpose: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common reasons for confin... more Background and Purpose: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common reasons for confining daily activities and functional disability at work, which can reduce people’s mental health. The research was conducted to assess the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in the psychological distress and coping strategies of employees with CLBP. Materials and Methods: The current research approach is a clinical trial with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included employees of private offices suffering from CLBP in the 8 districts of Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. The study sample consisted of 30 patients with CLBP selected by the available sampling and randomly assigned to control (n=15) and experimental groups (n=15). The study tools included psychological distress and coping strategies. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of CBT, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The obtained information w...
Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic caused various psychological and physical proble... more Background and Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic caused various psychological and physical problems in many people around the world. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the validity of the COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales. Materials and Methods: The method of this research was a descriptive-analytical evaluation study. The sample consisted of 350 (227 females and 123 males) students of Tehran universities in 2021 who were selected by the convenience sampling method and completed COVID-19 Burnout Scale, COVID-19 Obsession Scale, Mental Health, and Psychological Distress Questionnaires. Psychometric properties of COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, divergent validity, concurrent validity, Pearson's correlation, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: The one-factor structure of the COVID-19 Burnout Scale (comparative fit index; CFI=0.89, root mean square error; RMSE=0.07) and COVID-19 Obsession (CFI=0.92, RMSE=0.07) were investigated and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. In the study of concurrent and divergent criterion validity, the correlation of COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales with the Psychological Distress Scale was positive and significant (p<0.001). The relationship between Burnout, Obsession, And Mental Health was also negative and significant (p<0.001). Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the Burnout and Obsession scores was obtained 0.91 and 0.82, respectively. Conclusion: The findings indicate the structural validity and acceptable reliability of the COVID-19 Burnout and Obsession Scales, and the structure of these scales can be used to assess the severity of burnout and obsession during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic.
Journal of Family Research
Effectiveness of the coping cat therapy program in decreasing internalized symptoms of iranian children
Journal of Police Medicine, Mar 10, 2017
Background: Retirement is concerned as an important transition playing an effective role in life ... more Background: Retirement is concerned as an important transition playing an effective role in life on which has a signiificant influence. Retirment is usually alonge with anxiety and other psychological problems. The main aim of the present study was to compare the general health in the high rank police officers before and after retirement in order to provide the enhencement of health psychology of the police officers. Materials and Methods: Statistical population of the study consisted of all the high rank police officers occupied at the latest two years of their careers and also the high rank police officers who had been retired during the recent four years among which 120 retired and 50 would-be retired police officers were selected through Convenience Sampling method and filled the questionnaire of GHQ. Data were analyzed by Manova and other statistical methods. Results: Results revealed that the group of officers who were going to retire in the next two years significatly showed higher scores than both gorups of retired officers (with and without jobs) in GHQ. It indicated that the group of officers who were going to retire in the next two years was healthlier than the two other groups. Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that having a job may preserve health psychology of individuals who come to retire and prevent them from negative effects of retirement in high rank police offices.
Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 2019
Aim and Background: Somatic symptoms make a significant part of admittances to health centers. Si... more Aim and Background: Somatic symptoms make a significant part of admittances to health centers. Since clinical observations have linked these symptoms with emotions, the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy on decreasing negative emotional schemas, Alexithymia And Signs of Patients with somatic Symptoms. Methods and Materials: The present study was a type of semi-experimental research with pre-test post-test design with control group. The population of this study was all female patients with somatic symptoms of Isfahan province and sample included 30 referents from counseling centers of Isfahan and Khomeini shahr with somatic symptoms that were selected based on Judgment sampling and with psychiatrist's and psychologist's discriminant and divided into two experimental (15) and control (15) groups. The experimental group received 12 sessions of emotional schema therapy approach. The Leahy Emotional Schematic Scale (LESS), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS_20), and the B-Score Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSD-12) were used for participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS 24. Findings: After the implementation of emotional schema therapy, there was a significant difference in the negative emotional schemas (F: 8. 24, P<0. 008), alexithymia (F: 250. 89, P<0. 001) and somatic symptoms (F: 374. 59, P<0. 001) in the experimental group compared to the control group and the mean scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group. The results of this study showed The Emotional Schema Therapy Model, based on the existence of a relationship between negative emotional schemas and alexithymia with somatic symptoms, by modifying the underlying emotional processes and improving the maladaptive strategies of individuals toward emotions, reduced the negative emotional schema and alexithymia and somatic Symptoms.
Background and Aim: Due to serious psychological effects of COVID-19 like stress, anxiety, depres... more Background and Aim: Due to serious psychological effects of COVID-19 like stress, anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder on people, patients, medical staff, families and those quarantined, the purpose of this review was to investigate, identify and provide evidence based psychological interventions. Methods: This narrative review investigated the studies conducted in the field of psychological interventions and consequences during coronavirus pneumonia from January 1 to May 11, 2020 using the keywords SSARSCoV-2, pneumonia, psychological interventions in crises, mental health, COVID-19, pandemic. The search was done in databases of Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, as well as the most famous Iranian databases, SID, Iranmedax and Magiran. In addition, articles published online by the China National Health Commission, the National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the World Health Organization
International Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 2014
Introduction: The present study was done to compare the effectiveness of meta-cognitive therapy (... more Introduction: The present study was done to compare the effectiveness of meta-cognitive therapy (MCT) with the control group in the treatment of general anxiety disorder (GAD) and meta-cognitive beliefs. Method: This research was a randomized controlled clinical trial study. They were initially screened according to general anxiety inventory, and then 30 participants who met the exclusion-inclusion criteria were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of meta-cognitive therapy and control group (15 in each group). The population of the study was comprised from the pretest, posttest with a one month follow up design and a control group by a GAD scale and a meta-cognitive questionnaire. The experimental groups received 8 sessions of meta-cognition therapy while the control group did not receive any interventions. Data were entered into the SPSS Ver. 18 and analyzed by repeated measurements, Paired T Test, Independent T Test. Results: A significant efficacy was observed in reducin...
Model of Suicidal Ideation among Iranian Soldiers: the Role of Personality Disorder, Emotion Focused Coping Style and Impulsivity
Suicidal behavior is one of the fundamental strains in the area of Mental health. One of the most... more Suicidal behavior is one of the fundamental strains in the area of Mental health. One of the most considerable suicidal behaviors is the suicidal ideation which is animportant predictor for suicide completion. This studyhas conducted the role of borderline personality disorder, impulsivity, and excitement-oriented coping style in predicting soldiers' suicidal ideation. A total of 1,659 soldiers were selected through multi-level cluster sampling method. Data were collected using Beck Suicide Ideation Scale (BSSI), the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III), UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale, and Coping Style Questionnaire (CSQ). The resulthave indicated that not only the borderline personality disorder directly affects the suicidal ideation but it could also have a role in predicting the suicidal ideation via the way of directly influencing the other variants. The findings resulting from the method analysis are indicative of the intermediaryrole of excitement-oriented coping...
Frontal Cortical Arousal During Working Memory Performance in Trait Anxiety
اثربخشی ساختارگرایی بر تعارضات زناشویی، سبکهای اسناد و بهزیستی اجتماعی
کچ ی هد :همدقم ههیرظن یلصا فده هداوناها یاهه یااهب .نهسا هدوهب ییوهشانو تاه راضت رهب زهکررت یناهم... more کچ ی هد :همدقم ههیرظن یلصا فده هداوناها یاهه یااهب .نهسا هدوهب ییوهشانو تاه راضت رهب زهکررت یناهمرد تاه راضت دوهجو یقاهب هدهیدیپ یعوه وم ،ییوهشانو .نهسا هدهنام هداوناها ههیرظن یهب رد یهساسا درهکیور یهی یراتااهس یناهمرد یاهه هلهسلس یهی داجیا رب هک نسا هداوناا ییتارتسیس .دراد دهیکدت هداوناها متهسیس رد مداهس ینامواهس هتارم هاادهید رد وو یهب رد تردهق باهنم و هاگیاپ حاصت رس رب عوانت عون ره وا یشان ار ضراضت ،یرتسیس یهم اهه دانهسا .دهناد و یهلع هداوناا تاقیقحت رد ار یدایو هجوت زین یعارتجا یتسیزهب .نسا هتشاد فوطضم دوا هب ینامرد :شور ،یشیاموآ هرین قیقحت یا رد 21 هورها ود رد یفداهصت ینیزگیاهج اور اهب و دیدهش ییوهشانو تا راضت اب نو هداوناها اقتهسم رهییتم .دهنتفرا رارق لرتنک و شیاموآ ییاراراتااهس یناهمرد همانهشسرپ .دوهب ییوهنیم تاه راضت یاهه ،ییوشانو شیپ احارم رد یعارتجا یتسیزهب و دانسا یبس نوهموآ هپ یندوهموآ یور رهب یرهیگیپ و نوهموآ ارهجا اهه .دیدرا :جیاتن هوادنا و مدیرف نوموآ جیاتن ههب ییونیم ییاراراتااس درکیور هک داد ناشن ررکم یریا و ر رهم روهط نو تا راضت رادانضم یگتسویپ .داد شهاک ار ییوشا ع...
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Papers by Ali Fathi-Ashtiani