Papers by Catherine Salmon
Evolution and Human Behavior, Sep 1, 1998
Effects of birth order on several aspects of family relations and self-identity were examined in ... more Effects of birth order on several aspects of family relations and self-identity were examined in three studies. In Study 1, first and lastborn undergraduates were more likely than middleborns to refer to kinship in characterizing themselves. In Study 2, subjects were asked to whom they would turn under two scenarios of duress. First and lastborns were more likely to nominate parents, whereas middleborns were much more likely than other respondents to nominate siblings. In Study 3, analyses of historical archives and of an Internet questionnaire indicated that genealogical research attracts many more firstborns and many fewer middleborns than expected by chance. In all three studies, first and lastborns were much more likely than middleborns to nominate their mothers as the person to whom they felt closest. These substantial effects support Sulloway's claim that birth orders constitute significant family "niches," which differ with respect to the perceived dependability of parental investment and therefore also differ in the social orientations that they engender.
Kinship: The conceptual hole in psychological studies of social cognition and close relationships
... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Chapter]. Kinship: The con... more ... Login to save citations to My List. Citation. Database: PsycINFO. [Chapter]. Kinship: The conceptual hole in psychological studies of social cognition and close relationships. Evolutionary social psychology. Daly, Martin; Salmon ...
Ethology and Sociobiology, Sep 1, 1996
Sex differences in the salience and meaning of kin relations for contemporary Canadians were exam... more Sex differences in the salience and meaning of kin relations for contemporary Canadians were examined in two studies. In study 1, 24 opposite-sex adult sibling pairs were asked to reconstruct their kindreds as fully as possible, following a computerized menu. Sisters almost invariably recalled more relatives than did their brothers, especially living and matrilateral relatives. In study 2, a questionnaire administered to 150 female and 150 male undergraduates explored the relevance of kinship to characterizations of the self ("Who are you?") and to nominations of one's closest social relationships. Women were much more likely than men to refer to their kinship statuses in characterizing themselves (I am a daughter, a sister, etc.), whereas 28% of men and only 8% of women mentioned their surnames (I am a Smith, Jones, etc.). Women and men were about equally likely to name a relative, as opposed to a mate or friend, as the person to whom they feel closest, but women more often nominated a parent (especially mother) and men a sibling (especially an older sister). These sex differences are discussed in relation to possible differences in how women and men make use of family ties.
Springer eBooks, 2020
Oral sex act or stimulation performed by a person on the female genitalia.
Female Choice and Sexual Conflict Theory
Springer eBooks, 2021
Sexual Fantasies
Springer eBooks, 2021
Multiple methodologies: Addressing ecological validity and conceptual replication
Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, Oct 1, 2020
Evolution of Female Resistance
Springer eBooks, 2021
Individual Differences in Sexual Psychology
Cambridge University Press eBooks, Aug 31, 2022
Cunnilingus
Springer eBooks, 2019
Dirk Vanderbeke and Brett Cooke, eds. Evolution and Popular Narrative
Evolutionary studies in imaginative culture, Dec 1, 2020
Siblicide in Humans and Other Species
Oxford University Press eBooks, Nov 21, 2012
Sibling conflict is common across a wide variety of species, including humans. It is an expected ... more Sibling conflict is common across a wide variety of species, including humans. It is an expected process because offspring compete for dominance as well as food resources (most common in nonhuman species) and also for parental attention, money, and other personal resources in the case of human children. While most conflict in humans has no long lasting effects, under some circumstances, sibling conflict can turn violent and even result in death, what is commonly referred to as siblicide. While siblicide is quite rare in humans, from an evolutionary perspective, we would expect it to be influenced by some of the same factors as less intense sibling conflict. Such factors include sex of sibling, resource availability, birth spacing, and relatedness. These factors will be discussed with respect to research on sibling conflict and siblicide in human and nonhuman species.
What Do Romance Novels, Pro Wrestling, and Mack Bolan Have in Common?
Oxford University Press eBooks, Aug 1, 2016
Abstract Some of the most popular genres of pop culture involve storytelling, such as romance, pr... more Abstract Some of the most popular genres of pop culture involve storytelling, such as romance, pro-wrestling, and action-adventure novels. Even though such genres may be evolutionarily novel, their content is not. Their stories focus on the problems humans have always faced, ones of survival, competition, mating, and social living. Their essential storylines draw in their readers and watchers because they tap into the evolved psychological mechanisms we have for managing these problems in our own lives. A consilient approach to the study of pop culture can explain why certain problems predominate in stories, why they arouse our emotions, and why there are sex differences in the appeal of certain genres. An adaptationist approach can provide a comprehensive interpretation and understanding of these products of our evolved mind.https://inspire.redlands.edu/oh_chapters/1046/thumbnail.jp
The impact of prenatal testosterone on female interest in slash fiction
Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, Jul 1, 2015
Long-term romantic relationships: Adaptationist approaches
Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, 2017
Psychology has a long history of interest in the study of romantic and sexual relationships. The ... more Psychology has a long history of interest in the study of romantic and sexual relationships. The introduction of evolutionary perspectives to this area has broadened and clarified our understanding of mating desires and behaviors. This article will review some of the contributions of evolutionarily informed research to our understanding of long-term committed relationships. In particular, it will concentrate on clarifications to our understanding of sexual strategies and resulting sex differences in long- and short-term mate preferences, the role of attachment in pair-bonding, individual differences in sexual strategies, and the influence of hormones on infidelity, as well as the roles of sexual jealousy and violence in mate retention.
Journal of social, evolutionary & cultural psychology, May 1, 2012
This study focuses on the relative frequencies of various sexual activities and the ways in which... more This study focuses on the relative frequencies of various sexual activities and the ways in which those activities are portrayed in homosexual and heterosexual pornographic films. Many anti-pornography arguments are based on the alleged oppression and degradation of women in pornography. Others (Salmon & Symons, 2001) have suggested that the main focus of pornography is not about contempt for women and that if it was, gay pornography should differ dramatically from heterosexual pornography. This paper tests that hypothesis. Sixty films that ranked amongst the most popular heterosexual and homosexual DVDs were examined with regard to the types of sexual activities that occur and the interactions between the participants. We found few major differences in pornography aimed at a homosexual versus heterosexual male audience, other than those that reflect the different anatomy involved, and none that reflect an anti-female agenda.
Frank Sulloway (1996) On Birth Order
Springer eBooks, 2021
“Ladies Love Wrestling, Too”
Duke University Press eBooks, Jan 13, 2005
The Pornography Debate: What Sex Differences in Erotica Can Tell About Human Sexuality
... If there is one thing all porn videos have in common, it is the portrayal of women engaged in... more ... If there is one thing all porn videos have in common, it is the portrayal of women engaged in some form of sexual activity. An evolutionary perspective on male sexuality points out Page 224. 212SALMON that modern pornography is exactly what should be expected given that ...
Female Choice and Sexual Conflict Theory
The outcome of sexual selection is the evolution of secondary sexual characteristics that are des... more The outcome of sexual selection is the evolution of secondary sexual characteristics that are designed to attract and compete over mates. Traits that evolve via sexual selection do so as a result of competition for mates (intrasexual competition) or mate attraction (epigamic selection). Intrasexual competition is competition between members of the low investment sex (usually males) for copulations with the high investment sex (usually females). Since males are usually the low investment sex, they are the most intrasexually selected. This results in traits beneficial for competing with other males such as organs of threat (antlers, large size, aggressiveness, etc.). In some cases, these traits will be used in direct physical combat with other male; in other cases, they may be used to establish dominance hierarchies where the males at the top monopolize mating opportunities. An example of intrasexual selection for size is found in elephant seals where males are substantially larger than females, spend much of their time competing for females, and the most dominant males father the majority of pups in any given season. Epigamic selection is competition between members of the low investment sex for features that are attractive to the high investment sex. As with intrasexual selection, the sex that invests less per offspring is usually the male. Thus, this type of selection is often referred to as female choice; the females choose on the basis of male displays or attributes. The result of female choice is the elaboration of displays, coloration, and courtship rituals as the males try to “impress” the females by competing with other males via display mechanisms. Under female choice, highly elaborated traits can evolve, such as the peacock’s tail (Petrie 1994). Such traits exist because of the female preference for them. Males with those traits, or the most impressive examples of such, were the most successful at reproducing and passed those traits on to their offspring. However, this raises the question of what benefit those traits are to the reproductive success of females? Why do they choose them
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Papers by Catherine Salmon