Background Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTI) are one of the most common bacterial inf... more Background Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTI) are one of the most common bacterial infections in women. Understanding unmet needs of physicians in diverse healthcare systems is important for developing novel uUTI treatment (tx). Methods A cross-sectional survey of physicians in the US and Germany (DE). Physicians were recruited via specialist panel and the survey was piloted (1 US, 1 DE physician) prior to recruitment. Primary objectives were understanding physician tx goals, management approaches, and prescribing patterns for uUTI. Secondary objectives included understanding perceptions of uUTI impact on patients and awareness of antibiotic (AB) resistance. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. See Table for inclusion/exclusion criteria. Table. Physician inclusion and exclusion criteria Results Overall, 300 physicians (200 US, 100 DE) were surveyed. Symptom relief was in the top 3 (of 5) most important outcomes for ≥ 90% of physicians (US and DE); clearing infec...
Instructor-Created Videos: Connecting with Students Beyond the Classroom
Journal of Scholarly Engagement, 2019
With the advancement of technology, new methods for delivering content are rapidly being presente... more With the advancement of technology, new methods for delivering content are rapidly being presented. Two faculty from different disciplines implemented tutorial videos into introductory courses in psychology and physiology to address problems that pointed to a need for additional supplemental resources. Instructor-created videos, using Loom software, focused on supplementing course content, clarifying course expectations, enhancing student experience, providing additional information related to course requirements, and providing feedback on graded assignments. The instructors met regularly during the 2017-2018 academic year to discuss how the videos were being used and surveyed students to gain their feedback regarding the implementation of the videos. It was believed that by clarifying course content and assignment directions through the implementation of instructor-created videos students would be better prepared to meet the rigorous expectations in the courses where videos are inc...
Preparing Psychology Undergraduates for the Future
Journal of Scholarly Engagement, 2018
The American Psychological Association (APA) separates student learning outcomes into two categor... more The American Psychological Association (APA) separates student learning outcomes into two categories: foundational and baccalaureate. Foundational outcomes are generally built into the lower level course curriculum of the major and typically include an introductory course as well as a methods course (American Psychological Association, 2013). Baccalaureate indicators include specific expectations that a student who does not plan to continue their education needs in order to perform in the field at the completion of the bachelor’s degree (APA, 2013). In 2014, when a programmatic review was conducted on the undergraduate psychology program, a need for change was identified to ensure the program aligned to guidelines set forth by the APA for undergraduate programs. The guidelines help to confirm that students are prepared for a career in the field or graduate school. For this reason, changes to the curriculum included the addition of a foundational course focusing on research, Introduc...
The Saunders of Hadley Hurst (1918 – 1938)
Oxford Scholarship Online, 2018
This opening chapter sets out the family origins, the culture, and life into which Cicely Saunder... more This opening chapter sets out the family origins, the culture, and life into which Cicely Saunders was born, and her childhood and teenage years during the inter-war period. How did this privileged upbringing, based on her father’s growing business success, lead to her subsequent caring role and long-term religious commitment? The character and personality of her parents are examined, as are the nature of their marriage, Cicely’s relationships with her two younger brothers, the domestic arrangements – and tensions — of an increasingly prosperous household, and Cicely’s conflicted ideas about faith, service, and vocation. Her schooling is explored, particularly Cicely’s time at Roedean, along with the circumstances which eventually enabled her to gain entry to Oxford for undergraduate study.
Aims: Pre-hydration is routinely applied to reduce nephrotoxicity in concurrent cisplatin-based c... more Aims: Pre-hydration is routinely applied to reduce nephrotoxicity in concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). However, pre-hydration may also have systemic effects, potentially leading to lower tumour cisplatin concentrations. We investigated the impact of pre-hydration on tumour cisplatin concentrations in mice, and on treatment outcomes in a clinical cohort study. Materials and methods: Four groups of 20 mice received either no pre-hydration prior to full-dose (6 mg/kg) or half-dose cisplatin, overnight dehydration prior to full-dose cisplatin (dehydration), or NaCl intraperitoneally prior to full-dose cisplatin (pre-hydration). Kidney function and tumour platinum concentration were measured. In patients, a retrospective study compared 2 historical NSCLC cohorts which received CCRT with daily cisplatin, with and without standard pre-hydration. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were compared using Kaplan-Meier and cox-regression. Results: Pre-hydration significantly decreased cisplatin tumour concentrations in mice, comparable to mice receiving half the dose. In 419 patients (211 without and 208 with pre-hydration) with median follow-up 22 months, there were no significant differences in PFS (18 vs. 15 months) or OS (23 vs. 23 months). Conclusion: Pre-hydration reduces cisplatin tumour concentrations in mice, but it does not compromise treatment outcomes in NSCLC patients treated with daily cisplatin and radiotherapy.
This report entitled Circadian Rhythm Amplitude Effects on Nocturnal Brain Electrical Activity an... more This report entitled Circadian Rhythm Amplitude Effects on Nocturnal Brain Electrical Activity and Mental Performance is presented as a competent treatment of the subject, worthy of publication. The United States Air Force Academy vouches for the quality of the research, without necessarily endorsing the opinions and conclusions of the authors. Therefore, the views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or the US Government. This report has been cleared for open publication and public release by the appropriate Office of Information in accordance with AFI61-202 and USAFA FOI190-1. This report may have unlimited distribution.
remains unclear which tracer is best-suited to provide reproducible, high-contrast PET images as ... more remains unclear which tracer is best-suited to provide reproducible, high-contrast PET images as a basis for individualized RT. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of different hypoxia tracers on contrast. Materials and Methods: Tissue oxygenation was simulated on vessel maps derived from immunohistochemically stained tumor xenografts. Based on this, the distribution-retention dynamics for all three hypoxia PET tracers were mathematically simulated. Diffusion coefficients for the tracers in tumor tissue were calculated based on a previously published model. The partition coefficients (logP) used for the model were taken from literature or simulated using dedicated software (ALOGPS2.1, XLogP3, KowWIN). Blood activities for 20 to 45 different time points were derived from clinical dynamic PET scans by selecting a region of interest in the heart or a major blood vessel. The data derived from every patient were fitted to an exponential function: A(t) = A1*exp(-τ1 • t) + A2 • exp(-τ2 • t) where τ 2 is the clearance rate (CR). For each parameter, the average was taken over all patients of the same group to derive an average input function (AIP) for the three tracers. PET signals after 2 and 4h post injection (p.i.) were simulated in hypoxic [median partial oxygen pressure (mpO2) = 35±2 mmHg] and normoxic (mpo2 = 2.5±0.1 mmHg) 1x1mm 2 tissue sections using the AIPs of each tracer. Results: Diffusion coefficients, CRs and image contrast for the different tracers are listed with the standard deviation and range over all patients (Table). HX4 and FAZA presented with a significantly higher clearance rate than FMISO (p<0.05) and ranges were significantly larger for HX4 than for FMISO (p=0.047). Both tracers with higher CR showed better contrast compared to FMISO 4h p.i., but not 2h p.i. For FAZA, the effects of faster CR on contrast were partially negated by its slower diffusion. The results show that 4h p.i., hypoxic to normoxic contrast varied by 4-5% irrespective of the tracer used, depending on the vascularization patters found inside the tumor. Conclusions: 4h p.i., HX4 shows the highest contrast between hypoxic and normoxic tissue sections, and is the preferred time point in clinical studies. Contrast for FAZA is only slightly higher than for FMISO. Differences in vascularization patterns may cause signal changes of 4-5%, regardless of which tracer is used. Despite its comparably low contrast, FMISO is at present more widely used and may lead to more reliable clinical results as the absolute range of variation in CR observed is much lower than for HX4. OC-0170 Correlation between ex vivo surgical specimen and pre-operative MR imaging for cervical cancer patients
Background: After initial treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients are follow... more Background: After initial treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients are followed with thyroglobulin (Tg) measurements to detect recurrences. In case of elevated levels of Tg and negative neck ultrasonography, patients are treated 'blindly' with Iodine-131 (131 I). However, in up to 50% of patients, the posttherapy scan reveals no 131 I-targeting of tumor lesions. Such patients derive no benefit from the blind therapy but are exposed to its toxicity. Alternatively, iodine-124 (124 I) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) has become available to visualize DTC lesions and without toxicity. In addition to this, 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) PET/CT detects the recurrent DTC phenotype, which lost the capacity to accumulate iodine. Taken together, the combination of 124 I and 18 F-FDG PET/CT has potential to stratify patients for treatment with 131 I. Methods/Design: In a multicenter prospective observational cohort study the hypothesis that the combination of 124 I and 18 F-FDG PET/CT can avoid futile 131 I treatments in patients planned for 'blind' therapy with 131 I, is tested. One hundred patients planned for 131 I undergo both 124 I and 18 F-FDG PET/CT after rhTSH stimulation. Independent of the outcome of the scans, all patients will subsequently receive, after thyroid hormone withdrawal, the 131 I therapy. The post 131 I therapeutic scintigraphy is compared with the outcome of the 124 I and 18 F-FDG PET/CT in order to evaluate the diagnostic value of the combined PET modalities. This study primary aims to reduce the number of futile 131 I therapies. Secondary aims are the nationwide introduction of 124 I PET/CT by a quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) program, to correlate imaging outcome with histopathological features, to compare 124 I PET/CT after rhTSH and after withdrawal of thyroid hormone, and to compare 124 I and 131 I dosimetry. Discussion: This study aims to evaluate the potential value of the combination of 124 I and 18 F-FDG PET/CT in the prevention of futile 131 I therapies in patients with biochemically suspected recurrence of DTC. To our best knowledge no studies addressed this in a prospective cohort of patients. This is of great clinical importance as a futile 131 I is a costly treatment associated with morbidity and therefore should be restricted to those likely to benefit from this treatment. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01641679
Does the “Negro”StillNeed Separate Schools? Single-Sex Educational Settings as Critical Race Counterspaces
Urban Education, 2013
This article explores whether contemporary educators should consider single-sex educational setti... more This article explores whether contemporary educators should consider single-sex educational settings as viable interventions in educating African American males. Using qualitative data from a 2-year study of single-sex educational spaces in two Los Angeles County high schools, the authors argue that when all-male spaces effectively function as Critical Race Theory counterspaces, the educational experiences of high school–aged Black males are positively transformed. These cocurricular, single-sex counterspaces can effectively shield Black males from the marginalizing effects of urban schooling while serving as platforms for productive reengagement in positive school trajectories. Research-based principles for designing effective single-sex educational settings are discussed.
This article describes the design and implementation of the year 2 curriculum and student learnin... more This article describes the design and implementation of the year 2 curriculum and student learning experiences in the Michigan State University Master of Arts in Educational Technology program. We discuss the ways that this second set of courses builds on the first year of the program that students encounter, and also describe the theoretical impetus and design-based implications for learning how to teach with technology in effective and creative ways. Students in this group usually come in with some prior knowledge of educational theory, as well as some experience of working with classroom technologies. We intentionally build upon this prior knowledge, to take it to the next level of a more sophisticated TPACK-oriented understanding of learning in technology-driven contexts. Our year 2 courses move classical educational psychology theories of learning, along with educational research issues, squarely into the modern context of educational technology and teacher leadership. Our curriculum design focuses centrally on making meaningful experiences for teachers around technology, and helping them develop the knowledge and skills to create such experiences for their students. Our goal is to develop teachers who see themselves as flexible designers of learning experiences through the creative re-purposing of existing technologies.
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