Liz Kelly

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Papers by Liz Kelly

At whose cost? Racialised differences in how domestic violence and sexual violence advocates adapted to COVID-19

Journal of gender-based violence, Dec 25, 2023

Moving in the Same or Different Directions? Reflections on Recent Developments in Domestic Violence Legislation in Europe

Family Violence and Police Response

Whose Harm is it Anyway? Using Police Data to Represent Domestic Abuse Victims’ Experiences

Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice

There is a strong tradition of qualitative research documenting the experiences of survivors of d... more There is a strong tradition of qualitative research documenting the experiences of survivors of domestic abuse. The in-depth nature of this data and the context in which it is collected contrasts with data collected by police officers largely for the purposes of recording and investigating crime. We argue that crime codes are an incomplete representation of ‘harm’ and escalation in domestic abuse. We also suggest harm indexes and severity scores that combine crime codes and sentencing data are an inadequate and potentially misleading representation of victim-survivors’ lived experiences and wider harms suffered. We caution against the use of harm index data to prioritize intervention in cases of domestic abuse and to assess police performance and the impact of interventions. We argue for a wider range of available data to be utilized in the measurement of harm and for measurement frameworks to be informed by foundational qualitative research in this field.

3.2 IT'S EVERYWHERE'. Sexual Violence as a Continuum

Feminism and Sexuality

A Critical Examination of Responses to Prostitution in Four Countries: Victoria, Australia; Ireland; the Netherlands; and Sweden

New Approaches to Assessing Effectiveness and Outcomes of Domestic Violence Perpetrator Programmes

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Consuming, boasting and confessing: accounts of 137 men buying sex in London

From rhetoric to curiosity : urgent question from the UK about responses to trafficking in women

Asian Women, 2001

The increased global concern about trafficking in women has resulted in many publications and con... more The increased global concern about trafficking in women has resulted in many publications and conferences, but limited action. Debate currently excludes some of the most critical questions, such as the impacts and meanings of being sexually exploited for women and why sex industries across continents are increasingly populated by women from other countries. Recent research on the scale and mechanisms of trafficking to the UK is presented, along with recommendations for more effective responses.

“The biggest problem for me, I think, was nobody asked me.” Why asking about abuse matters to service users: findings from an evaluation of routine enquiry in Adult Mental Health Services in England

European Journal of Public Health, 2014

Background There are high prevalence rates of violent and abusive experience in both the childhoo... more Background There are high prevalence rates of violent and abusive experience in both the childhoods and adult lives of mental health service users. Histories of childhood sexual and physical abuse amongst women service users are particularly well documented. The ‘Responding effectively to violence and abuse’ (REVA) study, on which this presentation is based, has also found that people who suffer violence and abuse are much more likely to have a mental disorder, self-harm or attempt suicide than those with little or no experience of this kind (Scott et al, 2013). Yet disclosing experiences …

Faculty of 1000 evaluation for Beyond belief? Police, rape and women's credibility

F1000 - Post-publication peer review of the biomedical literature, 2007

Taking on the Dinosaurs (1997)

The Trouble & Strife Reader

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Unspeakable Acts (1991)

The Trouble & Strife Reader

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Weasel Words (1996)

The Trouble & Strife Reader

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Complexities and contradictions: Living with domestic violence and the UN Convention on Children's Rights

The International Journal of Children's Rights, 2000

No Abstract

Fertile fields: trafficking in persons in Central Asia: a report

IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society... more IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As an intergovernmental body, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in meeting the operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants.

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Study on the gender dimension of trafficking in human beings - final report

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the identification and understanding of what it mea... more The purpose of this study is to contribute to the identification and understanding of what it means to be ‘taking into account the gender perspective, to strengthen the prevention of this crime and protection of the victims thereof’, as required in Article 1 of European Union (EU) Directive 2011/36/EU on Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings and Protecting its Victims in the context of the EU Strategy (COM(2012) 286 final) Towards the Eradication of Trafficking in Human Beings. The study contributes to Priority E Action 2 of the Strategy, which states that ‘the Commission will develop knowledge on the gender dimensions of human trafficking, including the gender consequences of the various forms of trafficking and potential differences in the vulnerability of men and women to victimisation and its impact on them.’ Its specific objectives and tasks are to address: the ‘gender dimension of vulnerability, recruitment, and victimisation’; ‘gender issues related to traffick...

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What can We Learn from Police Data About Timeliness in Rape and Serious Sexual Offence Investigations in England and Wales?

International Criminology

The issue of timeliness in rape and other serious sexual offence investigations has been raised i... more The issue of timeliness in rape and other serious sexual offence investigations has been raised in a number of inspections and reviews, and there are policy imperatives to decrease delays, but there has been little exploration of police data to understand what contributes to them and enable practical recommendations or options. This paper explores what official data from two police forces participating in Operation Soteria Bluestone tell us about the timelines of these investigations, what this reveals about the gaps in policing data, and what additional knowledge can be gained from qualitative methodologies, in this instance case file analysis and case reviews.

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Speak up/speak out intervention programme: prevention of sexual harassment in schools: plan of activities and sessions guide

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A briefing for commissioners : what survivors of violence and abuse say about mental health services (REVA project, briefing 4)

The Department of Health publication, Commissioning services for women and children who have expe... more The Department of Health publication, Commissioning services for women and children who have experienced violence or abuse – a guide for health commissioners, clearly acknowledges that ‘victims of violence or abuse tend to use health services more than average’ and that this is ‘despite often finding it hard to access services’ (Golding and Duggal, 2011: 22). The guidance goes on to state that it is precisely because of this that ‘it is in the NHS interest to identify these women and children, provide opportunities for them to disclose, and provide services [..] to help them improve their physical and mental health’ (ibid). The policy that has been implemented to support this process is known as ‘routine enquiry’ (RE). Since 2003 it has been Department of Health policy that all adult service users should be asked about experiences of violence and abuse in mental health assessments. However, asking about experiences of abuse and violence is not enough. To be effective the policy of r...

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A briefing for mental health professionals : why asking about abuse matters to service users (REVA project, briefing 3)

There are high prevalence rates of violent and abusive experience in both the childhoods and adul... more There are high prevalence rates of violent and abusive experience in both the childhoods and adult lives of mental health service users. Histories of childhood sexual and physical abuse amongst women service users are particularly well documented. Although many of the samples in studies are small, figures of over 50% are not unusual (Palmer et al, 1992; Bryer et al, 1987; Walker and James, 1992; Wurr and Partridge, 1996). In secure settings this figure is even higher (Bland et al, 1999). Studies of severe domestic violence among psychiatric in-patients report lifetime prevalence ranging from 30% to 60% (Golding, 1999; Howard et al. 2010). The REVA study, on which this briefing is based, has also found that people who suffer violence and abuse are much more likely to have a mental disorder, self-harm or attempt suicide than those with little or no experience of this kind (Scott et al, 2013). Given the prevalence of experiences of abuse among users of adult mental health services it i...

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