Mark Verbrugge

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Optimum Particle Size in Silicon Electrodes Dictated by Chemomechanical Deformation of the SEI

Advanced Functional Materials, Feb 28, 2021

Nanostructured alloy‐forming anode materials can resist fracture that is caused by extreme volume... more Nanostructured alloy‐forming anode materials can resist fracture that is caused by extreme volume changes during cycling. However, the higher surface area per unit mass in nanomaterials increases exposure to the electrolyte reduction reactions that form a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), which implies that capacity loss will increase as particle size decreases. This hypothesis is investigated with composite electrodes using different silicon nanoparticle sizes, and the expected particle size effect is not observed. Instead, there is an optimum particle size where capacity loss per volume is minimized. Finite element modeling demonstrates that the mechanical deformation of the SEI varies significantly with the silicon particle size. Smaller particles lead to the decrease of the tensile hoop strains in the outer portion of the SEI and simultaneously make the overall elastic strains in the inner portion more compressive. These results suggest that the SEI on smaller particles is more resistant to mechanical degradation, even though the higher specific surface areas increase initial SEI formation. The trade‐off between these effects leads to the observed optimum particle size.

On the Periodic Electrodeposition of Alloys

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of nanostructured spinel Li4Ti5O12 as anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Electrochimica Acta, Feb 1, 2012

Nanoflower-like and nanoparticle spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 were synthesized by a microwave-assisted h... more Nanoflower-like and nanoparticle spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 were synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MH) method following calcination. As-prepared Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and cyclic voltammetry. The nanoflower-like and nanoparticle Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 exhibited discharge capacities of 176.7 and 109.8 mAh g -1 , respectively, for the first cycle, and maintained reversible capacities of 138.4 and 91.7 mAh g -1 , respectively, at a 1.1 C-rate (200 mA g -1 ) after 100 cycles. The better performance of nanoflower-like Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 relative to nanoparticle Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 is attributed to the larger specific surface area and shorter Li + diffusion path of the former relative to the latter. The MH preparation process is straightforward and fast; thus it shows promise for widespread lithium ion battery applications.

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Transient diffusion and migration to a disk electrode

The Journal of Physical Chemistry, May 1, 1992

... Mark W. Verbrugge*vt and Daniel R. Baker* ... and references cited therein, for recent work.)... more

Optimizing Battery Sizing and Vehicle Lightweighting for an Extended Range Electric Vehicle

SAE technical paper series, Apr 12, 2011

Experimental and theoretical investigation of perfluorosulfonic acid membranes equilibrated with aqueous sulfuric acid solutions

The Journal of Physical Chemistry, Nov 1, 1988

A radiotracer technique is developed to obtain simultaneously the concentration of all mobile spe... more A radiotracer technique is developed to obtain simultaneously the concentration of all mobile species within a perfluorinated ion-exchange membrane, the most promising membrane material available fuel cells. The ion concentrations are correlated accurately by a theoretical model that incorporates the alignment of solvent dipoles and hydration of mobile ions. The results of the equilibrium analysis include membrane partition coefficients, which are required for the description of ion and solvent transport within ion-exchange membranes.

The influence of surface mechanics on diffusion induced stresses within spherical nanoparticles

Journal of Applied Physics, Oct 15, 2008

We examine the effects of surface tension and surface modulus on diffusion-induced stresses withi... more We examine the effects of surface tension and surface modulus on diffusion-induced stresses within spherical nanoparticles. We show that both the magnitude and distribution of stresses can be significantly affected by surface mechanics if the particle diameter is in the nanometer range. In particular, a tensile state of stress may be significantly reduced in magnitude or even be reverted to a state of compressive stress with decreasing particle radius. This reduction in tensile stress may be responsible for the observed resilience to fracture and decrepitation of nanoparticles used in various industrial applications.

Generalized electrochemical cell state and parameter estimator

Korrosionsinhibitoren in zerbrechlichen Mikrokapseln zur Passivierung von zerkratzten Metallen

Verfahren und System zur Ermittlung eines Ladezustands einer Batterie

Batteriezustandsschätzeinrichtung unter Verwendung mehrerer Abtastraten

Quasi-adaptive method for determining a battery's state of charge

Methods of making thin InSb films

Method for estimating states and parameters of an electrochemical cell

Anodized Inserts for Coulomb Damping or Frictional Damping

Coating for separator or cathode of lithium—sulfur or silicon—sulfur battery

Batterieseparatoren mit variabler Porosität Battery separators with variable porosity

Method of making electrodes for electrochemical cells and electrodes made thereby

Simple optimal estimator for PbA state of charge

Adaptive algorithm to control and characterize super-capacitor performance

Mark Verbrugge

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