Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is the vehicle used by countries to empower learners ... more Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is the vehicle used by countries to empower learners to take informed decisions and responsible actions, for the realization of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). ESD does that through, environmental integrity, economic viability and a just society, for present and future generations, while respecting cultural diversity. This literature review research paper aimed at outlining the relationship between ESD and SDGs. It also endeavors to summarize the key practices of sustainable development (SD) which have been incorporated into the curriculum and pedagogy in Junior Secondary Schools (JSS) in Kenya in an attempt to show devotion towards achieving the SDGs. The paper is based on the Ministry of Education's Guidelines for Implementation of JSS ( ), a policy administering JSS in Kenya. The paper is a literature review type from scholarly sources. The study findings established that ESD is vital in the JSS as it is the United Nations principal agency that oversees and supports countries to advance and enlarge educational activities that focus on sustainability. ESD thus would enable learners' to gain awareness of the 17 goals, enhancing their understanding of how these goals relate to self and society, and assist them to contribute to global SD as their responsibility and duty. The paper established that Kenyan government has implemented in the JSS curriculum the Community Service Learning (CSL) where learners are sensitized to acquire 21 st Century skills and competencies through Education/citizenship (Goal 4) and Partnerships (Goal 17). Further, Citizenship Education (CE) is incorporated in the curriculum to achieve inclusive education (Goal 4) through gender equality and empowerment of all women and girls (Goal 5). CE also advocates for reduction in inequalities based on income, sex, age, disability, sexual orientation, race, class, ethnicity and religion (Goal 10), and peaceful inclusive societies, and justice for all (Goal 16). Equally, JSS curriculum has Environmental Education (EE) which is in line with Goal 4 (environmental curricula); Goal 6 (protection and restoring freshwater ecosystems); Goal 8 (depletion and environmental degradation); Goal 10 (rights of environmental defenders), and Goal 11 (low-emission, resilient and resourceefficient in urban areas). Capacity building of educators is also enshrined in the JSS education in line with Goals 4 and 17 which advocate for support in building capacities in developing countries to assist the teacher gain innovative teaching approaches. This paper thus concludes that, the Kenya Government is committed to the realization of the SDGs through its ESD in JSS Curriculum.
European Journal of Education Studies, May 2, 2020
This study examined the influence of principals' conflict management strategies on conflict resol... more This study examined the influence of principals' conflict management strategies on conflict resolutions in secondary schools in Murang'a County. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 2,613 principals and deputy principals. The sample size was 400 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview guides. Data analysis was done through the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The study established that schools had conflict management techniques. Mediation was commonly used in resolving conflicts between principal and teachers. Conflict management techniques were found to have a positive linearly significant influence on conflict management strategies. The study concluded that secondary schools had conflict management strategies and mediation was commonly used in resolving conflicts between principal and teachers. The study recommended for more capacity building on school principals on utilization of conflicts management strategies currently in use in schools. This is due to the fact that, although schools have conflict management techniques, conflicts abound and hence the need for more training.
The English curriculum is crucial because it is through language that images of ethnic identity a... more The English curriculum is crucial because it is through language that images of ethnic identity are carried; and it is through images that stereo-types are created, popularized and entrenched. Secondly, since English is learnt as a second language in Kenya, its teaching and use in official and informal situations may cause offence even when the users never meant to annoy or offend. This necessitates that efforts are made and mechanisms established to standardize the use of the English language as a Kenyan legal code of official business and for acculturation of children through the education system and at home. Two objectives of primary education were found to touch on the mandate of CIe. These are to: 1. Develop aesthetic values and appreciate own and other people's cultures; and 2. Instill respect and love for own country and the need for harmonious co-existence. These two objectives are highly critical in the achievement of requisite attitudes envisaged in the NCI Act and the Constitutional provisions on non-discrimination and equality of persons and groups. However, it is important to note that objectives in any curriculum are nly as good as the materials used for instruction and the teaching techniques employed by instructors. For example, a good story illustrating how mediation between two warring clans or families brings peace may escape children's attention if the teacher does not make the lesson 'live' and participatory to bring out the power of negotiation through careful choice of language and discourse techniques. This is where listening skills and respect for others' opinions and needs play an important role in inter-personal and inter-cultural communication. To a large extent, the content presented by the primary education syllabus appears to accommodate some of the core areas of concern of the 1 CIC e.g. gender issues, human rights, child's rights, moral values and social responsibility. Review of the Secondary School English Syllabus (2002)
This paper used a desk review approach to deal with the shift towards and emphasis given to integ... more This paper used a desk review approach to deal with the shift towards and emphasis given to integration of curriculum content. The purpose of the paper is to bring out the meaning, rationale and arguments about the concept of curriculum integration. The discourse about curriculum integration is important to the policy makers, all those involved and working as curriculum developers, and for the curriculum implementers.
This paper used a desk review approach to deal with the move towards and emphasis given to integr... more This paper used a desk review approach to deal with the move towards and emphasis given to integration of curriculum content, not only in Kenya but also world over. The purpose of the paper is to bring out the meaning, rationale and arguments about the concept of curriculum integration. The discourse about curriculum integration is important to the policy makers, all those involved and working as curriculum developers, and for the curriculum implementers. Article visualizations:
This study focused on the justification for initiation and introduction of integrated English cur... more This study focused on the justification for initiation and introduction of integrated English curriculum in secondary schools in Kenya. The study used a qualitative approach to get the views from selected teachers, head teachers and heads of English at Kenya Institute of Education (KIE), Ministry of Education (MoE) and Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC). Basic quantitative techniques such as frequencies and percentages were used to analyse some of the data that were obtained. The study employed questionnaire and interview instruments to collect data from the respondents. The researcher organized raw data collected from questionnaires and interviews. It was realized from the study that integrated English curriculum was introduced to enable teachers use integration as a teaching approach across the two disciplines and between and/or among their constituent parts. Despite this good intention, it was found that majority of the teachers of integrated English 57.4 % did not underg...
This study focused on the justification for initiation and introduction of integrated English cur... more This study focused on the justification for initiation and introduction of integrated English curriculum in secondary schools in Kenya. The study used a qualitative approach to get the views from selected teachers, head teachers and heads of English at Kenya Institute of Education (KIE), Ministry of Education (MoE) and Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC). Basic quantitative techniques such as frequencies and percentages were used to analyse some of the data that were obtained. The study employed questionnaire and interview instruments to collect data from the respondents. The researcher organized raw data collected from questionnaires and interviews. It was realized from the study that integrated English curriculum was introduced to enable teachers use integration as a teaching approach across the two disciplines and between and/or among their constituent parts. Despite this good intention, it was found that majority of the teachers of integrated English 57.4 % did not underg...
Physics is one of the subjects that have suffered low enrolment and performance in secondary scho... more Physics is one of the subjects that have suffered low enrolment and performance in secondary schools. This enrolment and performance are pegged to the studentss perception that Physics is difficult and uninteresting due to its abstract nature. Research has shown that integration of ICT in Physics instruction has the capability of simplifying the abstract content as well as creating interest in learners and consequently improving the quality of education. However, for this to be possible, Physics requires adequate operational ICT knowledge and resources. This study targeted 40 schools, 40 principals and 121 Physics teachers. The study was based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Descriptive survey design was used. Random sampling technique was used to get a sample of 18 schools and 52 Physics teachers whereas purposive sampling was used to get 18 principals. Questionnaires, interview schedules and an observation schedule were used to collect data...
Schools play a critical role in the implementation of the English curriculum. They ensure that sy... more Schools play a critical role in the implementation of the English curriculum. They ensure that syllabus is adequately covered and that students register impressive academic grades in internal and national examinations. Thus, the purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of school contextual dynamics on the implementation of the English curriculum in public secondary schools in Nakuru East Sub-county, Nakuru County, Kenya. The objectives were: to investigate the influence of teachernbsp factors on implementation of English curriculum in public secondary schools, examine the influence of instructional resources on implementation of English curriculum in public secondary schools, establish the influence of studentsrsquo characteristics on implementation of English curriculum in public secondary schools and find out the influence of the school community support on implementation of English curriculum in public secondary schools in Nakuru East Sub-county. The study was guided...
This study examined the influence of principals’ conflict management strategies on conflict resol... more This study examined the influence of principals’ conflict management strategies on conflict resolutions in secondary schools in Murang’a County. The study adopted descriptive research design. The target population comprised of 2,613 principals and deputy principals. The sample size was 400 respondents. Data were collected using questionnaires and interview guides. Data analysis was done through the use of descriptive and inferential statistics. The study established that schools had conflict management techniques. Mediation was commonly used in resolving conflicts between principal and teachers. Conflict management techniques were found to have a positive linearly significant influence on conflict management strategies. The study concluded that secondary schools had conflict management strategies and mediation was commonly used in resolving conflicts between principal and teachers. The study recommended for more capacity building on school principals on utilization of conflicts mana...
Composition and Practices of Secondary School Boards of Management: Lessons from Kenya
American Journal of Educational Research, 2020
Research provides evidence that school management is the second most important factor that influe... more Research provides evidence that school management is the second most important factor that influences students’ achievement after teaching quality. The management sets the conditions under which teachers work. In Kenya, the composition and the responsibilities of secondary school Boards of Management (BOMs) is enacted in the Basic Education Act of 2013. This article analyses the composition and practices of the BOMs based on recent researches. It focuses on the BOM members’ training, skills and competence and performance of their responsibilities. The paper is a theoretical desk-top review of literature on composition and practice school management in Kenya. The findings show that, in some of the school boards, there is blatant breach of guidelines. For instance, some of the BOM members had primary school education as their highest academic qualification against policy. Further, findings indicate that training of the BOM members is not given a priority as required by policy. It is r...
Teacher Preparation and Continuing Professional Development in Kenya Learning to Teach Early Reading and Mathematics
The English curriculum is crucial because it is through language that images of ethnic identity a... more The English curriculum is crucial because it is through language that images of ethnic identity are carried; and it is through images that stereo-types are created, popularized and entrenched. Secondly, since English is learnt as a second language in Kenya, its teaching and use in official and informal situations may cause offence even when the users never meant to annoy or offend. This necessitates that efforts are made and mechanisms established to standardize the use of the English language as a Kenyan legal code of official business and for acculturation of children through the education system and at home.
Implementation of Fee-Free Schooling Policy is Rwanda’s strategy to ensure equity and access to b... more Implementation of Fee-Free Schooling Policy is Rwanda’s strategy to ensure equity and access to basic education. However, since the implementation of this policy, thousands of students have failed to participate in basic education hence exposing the Rwanda Educational System to wastage and failure to achieve the Universal Basic Education. The failure to enhance full participation of learners in education is attributed to several factors among them the home-based costs. This paper, therefore, discusses the impact of home-based costs on students’ transition rate in tiers of 12 years education in Rwanda. It uses data collected from parents and headteachers to correlate home-based costs incurred by parents with students’ transition rate in tiers of basic education in Rwanda. Findings from a multi-regression analysis revealed that the costs of school uniform, school material, home-coaching and transport could be highly correlated with students transition rate in tiers of 12YBE, particula...
This paper used a desk review approach to deal with the shift towards and emphasis given to integ... more This paper used a desk review approach to deal with the shift towards and emphasis given to integration of curriculum content. The purpose of the paper is to bring out the meaning, rationale and arguments about the concept of curriculum integration. The discourse about curriculum integration is important to the policy makers, all those involved and working as curriculum developers, and for the curriculum implementers.
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