The age of information has done it simple for storing huge amount of data. In actual fact, a cons... more The age of information has done it simple for storing huge amount of data. In actual fact, a considerable segment of existing information is accumulated in the text databases that have huge set of documents from different sources like research articles, news articles, books, e-mail messages, web pages and digital libraries. In many text databases, stored data are in the semi-structured format in that they are neither entirely structured nor entirely unstructured. IR (Information Retrieval) field has been growing in parallel using database systems for several years. Contrasting to the databases system fields that have concentrated mainly on transaction and query processing of the structured data, IR is concerned with firm and retrieval of data from a huge quantity of text-oriented documents. Thus, IR tackles with unstructured and/or semi-structured databases. Information security requirements within a firm have experience major variations in the past some decades. By the establishment of computer, the necessary for automated equipment for securing files as well as other information that stored on the computer turned into evident. This is particularly in case of shared information resources via public network. This is the origin for having a secure computer system / the need for computer security. Computer Security can be achieved by Intrusion Detection Systems. In this paper, we address these issues by applying Similarity Search in two diversified fields: Digital Libraries and Computer Security. The paper discusses a fast and efficient similarity search technique for approximate retrieval of books metadata in Digital Libraries. In DLI the books retrieval takes place just by using metadata such as title, year, edition, author, publishing of a book. Though, if metadata is missing, incorrect or unfinished, then it creates the library retrieval system inefficient, incorrect leads too much confusion to the user. In this context even if the query from the user matches partially or fully with a stored pattern, the information related to that be retrieved. The paper talks about a method that functions rapid and effective, language independent, and flexible library retrieval system signature based similarity search. This system is able to retrieve not only the metadata that exactly matches the query but also fairly accurate identical because of missing words, jumbled words and spell mistakes. Fundamentally, signature file approach is used here. A signature file approach looks like the most capable for huge database as it has superior text retrieval features and requires little storage overhead.
Background: To transmit the secret data are in a secure manner or to prevent the in-truder/third ... more Background: To transmit the secret data are in a secure manner or to prevent the in-truder/third party activities while transmitting secret data's through the public networks are challenging task now. In order to deal with these situations, this paper presents an encryption/encoding technique of M SI (M odified Steganography for Image) for secret data before transmitting over the network. Methods: The M SI technique is classified into two phases, one is stegano image creation by encode process and another one is reconstructing the secret data from the stegano image by decode process. In encode process, the grayscale cover and secret images are considering as an input. In addition, segregation, 8-bit binary conversion, substitution and decimal conversion processes are doing a vital role in hiding the secret image into a cover image. The M SI encoded stegno image is almost equal to the cover image and it's not an easy to identify by the Human Visual Attack (HVA). Results & Conclusion: To evaluate the proposed M SI encoding process the time, signal to noise ratio, complexity and strength are considering as the parameters. In result, the M SI encode technique is providing good reconstruction image quality, strong against the pixel attack and HVA, less execution time than the conventional schemes.
Estimation of haemoglobin(Hb) using non-invasive methods has caught wide interest among researche... more Estimation of haemoglobin(Hb) using non-invasive methods has caught wide interest among researchers all over the globe. Among the various devices and methods adopted for non-invasive haemoglobin (SpHb) measurement, prediction of SpHb using PPG can provide earlier and faster diagnosis. The primary objective and motivation of this study is to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of SpHb monitoring among pregnant women using PPG and generalized linear regression technique. PPG signal was acquired from pregnant women with prior consent and Hb was predicted from the time-domain attributes of PPG. Hb value as calculated by the invasive lab methods was compared with the predicted SpHb value. The absolute bias between the SpHb predicted and Hbref was 0.73 g/dL (SD 0.62). To analyse and evaluate the performance of the proposed word, correlation coefficient between SpHb and Hblab, was calculated using IBM SPSS software.
Abstract: Non-invasive haemoglobin (SpHb) estimation using Photoplethysmograph signal has gaine... more Abstract: Non-invasive haemoglobin (SpHb) estimation using Photoplethysmograph signal has gained enormous attention among researches in order to provide an earlydiagnosis to polycythemia, anaemia, various cardiovascular diseases, etc. The primary objective of this work is to evaluate the performance efficiency of SpHb monitoring using PPG in clinically ill pediatric population. PPG signal was obtained from the pediatric patients, and SpHb was calculated from the characteristic features of PPG. Haemoglobin value obtained through venous blood sample was compared with SpHb. Theabsolute mean difference between the SpHb and Hb ref was 0.78g/dL (SD 0.99; 0.1 to 4.1).For a statistical analysis of the correlation between SpHb and Hb lab , IBM SPSS statistics software was used. Bland-Altman analysis, T-test and Linear regression analysis were further used for finding the agreeability limits. Overestimation of SpHb value was observed for lower Hb lab values, and SpHb failed to detect anaemic subjects.
Abstract-WSNs have for some time been an appealing domain to the analysts and researchers due t... more Abstract-WSNs have for some time been an appealing domain to the analysts and researchers due to its simplicity in distribution and upkeep. In this exploration, we target the increase of network duration that has turned into a significant problem in sensor networks. Clustered association of nodes with accumulation of information at the CH ends up one of the noteworthy intents to expand the future of the network. In this article, we propose an energy aware routing protocol for WSN. Our plan depends on the EA-HEED algorithm and Modified cat swarm optimization (MCSO) algorithm. With the qualities of EA-HEED and MCSO, our protocol can keep away from the creation of routes and offer reinforcement routes. In addition, coordinating cat swarm optimization can viably give preferable proficiency over past works. The execution assessment of our proposed method is completed as for the notable cluster based sensor network protocols, EA-HEED separately. The simulation elucidates the adequacy of our proposed work over its relatives as far as network period, average packet communications, CH selection iterations upheld by EA-HEED, and MCSO diminishes energy utilization definitely.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing is one of the earliest challenges for scientists as a t... more Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing is one of the earliest challenges for scientists as a tool for cardiovascular assessment. T-wave changes are one of the most common abnormalities noted on an Electrocardiogram (ECG). The analysis of T waves in the ECG is an essential clinical tool for diagnosis, monitoring, and follow-up of patients with heart dysfunction. This paper presents a discrete wavelet transform based system for the extraction and analysis of T wave. The features like amplitude, frequency, energy are extracted from T wave to classify them into normal or arrhythmic using artificial neural networks. The proposed algorithm was implemented in MATLAB. The wavelet technique provides less computational time and better accuracy for classification, analysis and characterization of normal and abnormal patterns of ECG.
This paper reviews the recent researches of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for automatic ... more This paper reviews the recent researches of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for automatic detection of brain diseases. Automated detection of the abnormalities in medical images is an important and necessary procedure in medical diagnosis planning and treatment. In this review paper, it is intended to summarize and compare the methods of automatic detection of brain tumor through Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) used in different stages of Computer Aided Diagnosis System. In this review paper, an extensive comparative analysis is performed to provide the merits and demerits of various available techniques. This work also explores the applicability of the techniques in brain tumor diagnosis in MR images.
In this specific work, Sparse Representation-Based Classification (SRC) can be extended intended ... more In this specific work, Sparse Representation-Based Classification (SRC) can be extended intended for object identification. Proposed system consists of three main stages, sparse dictionary design, feature extraction and object detection. Initially a sparse dictionary will likely be designed along with large variety of different training images. It images incorporate various items including target image. Intended for feature extraction, if sparsity inside the recognition issue is correctly harnessed, the choice of features is not a critical issue. However the leading problem can be whether the volume of features can be sufficiently substantial and whether the sparse representation is the right way computed. Unconventional features such as down sampled images along with random projections perform equally well as typical features such as Eigen faces and Laplacian faces, as long because dimension in the feature place surpasses certain threshold, predicted from the theory of sparse representation in face recognition. Here down sampling process inside the images will likely be done. In assessment process the sparse dictionary typically determines the object among the other items. Extensive experiments will likely be conducted to help verify the efficacy in the proposed criteria, and corroborate the above mentioned claims.
The mobile ad hoc networks are a set of the autonomous nodes which arbitrarily moves out due to t... more The mobile ad hoc networks are a set of the autonomous nodes which arbitrarily moves out due to their autonomous nature. The topology of the network differs very often. Each and every autonomous node are powered by batteries with inadequate abilities and due to which the nodes fail to communicate the information packets from source to the target. The purpose is to design an energy efficient routing scheme in mobile ad hoc network with the aid of rough set calibration scheme. The rough set calibration scheme ultimately makes use of episodic based association where each and every metric like energy and distance are employed as the entity of rough set. Furthermore, the scheme aids in deciding the energy efficient routing. The analysis reveals that the scheme attempts for energy efficient routing with the aid of rough sets. The results of the simulation make use of the designed protocol with the aid of NS2 and estimate it with other conventional schemes based on which the designed scheme performs better in terms of energy efficiency.
The traditional routing scheme chooses a route employing the minimal number of hops as a paramete... more The traditional routing scheme chooses a route employing the minimal number of hops as a parameter for performing routing packets. The intention is to design a special parameter for routing which might aid to attain energy conservation. Likewise, the energy conscious routing parameter is reducing the collective communication energy on a route from a sender to the target. The parameter is employed in conjunction with an effortless energy management protocol which employs the highest communication energy for communicating the RTS and CTS and the least essential communication energy for the communication of information and response. These sorts of energy management protocol do not offer spatial recycling rather they can preserve energy. These sorts of energy management similar to the wireless standards of energy management protocols are employed. The purpose is to disclose an energy conscious routing thus reducing the overall energy which is needed for the communication with wireless standards of energy management which do not preserve the energy rather they disagree with the earlier researches. The motive is trouble free and spontaneous but it completely eavesdrops. Employing the energy conscious routing parameter the chosen routes could be much higher that the minimal route. Much simply there could possibly be increased the number of hops among the sender and target. The wireless standards of power management do not offer spatial recycling of nodes on the routes they must have to distribute and struggle for the medium bandwidth. Hence, the outcomes acquired based on the designed scheme between the sender and target could be minimized than that of IEEE 802.11 without energy management. It is evident that the parameters direct to minimal information bits disseminated per unit of communication energy. It is disclosed that the employment of the minimal number of hops in combination with the wireless standards of energy management preserves increased energy than the energy conscious routing in conventional AODV with wireless standards of energy management. The designed
The problem of public auditing and data management has been studied in a number of research artic... more The problem of public auditing and data management has been studied in a number of research articles previously. The methods use various schemes of data management and the author discussed different approaches to ensure the correctness of data, but suffers from the problem of poor accuracy and higher time complexity. To overcome the issue of public auditing, an effi cient block-based diagonal hashing scheme has been proposed. The method splits the input data into a number of blocks and for each block, the diagonal hashing scheme has been used to encrypt the data. The users of the cloud environment can access the data published, and they can modify the data with the possession of keys being provided. The public auditing of cloud resource is ensured using a one-step verifi cation approach performed by the third party auditor and cloud resource provider who maintains entire verifi cation keys. The data management is performed in block based approach and the modifi ed data will be indexed to the previous blocks after the successful completion of one-step verifi cation process.
The loosely coupled nature of cloud environment is more prone for various threats while providing... more The loosely coupled nature of cloud environment is more prone for various threats while providing dynamic access to many users. The cloud users are able to access the data available in the cloud through set of services and the data modified has to be reflected to the others at the next visit. The cloud has to provide a view that everyone views the same copy of information called public auditablity. There are many approaches has been discussed earlier to provide dynamic data management and to maintain the public auditability, but suffers with the problem of verification overhead and time complexity. To overcome the above said problem, we propose a novel light weight single parametric approach to perform secure computing in cloud environment. The cloud server generates a group key and private key for the client using a single parametric hashing function which is given to the user. The user will be allowed to perform modification based on private key and group key. Unlike block based or attribute based encryption the proposed method verifies the user identity using a light weight hashing function. We introduce a dynamic paging technique which performs data management. The proposed approach reduces the overhead of verification and reduces the time complexity also.
Adder circuits play a vital role in biomedical instrument plethysmograph performance. There are t... more Adder circuits play a vital role in biomedical instrument plethysmograph performance. There are two new types of non-invasive method for measuring arterial blood pressure recently developed. Both of the methods are based on the characteristics of the pressure-volume relationship in the artery. One is the volume-oscillometric method; and the other is the volume-compensation method, based on the vascular unloading principle. Both methods employ photoelectric plethysmography for detection of arterial volume changes in the biological segment. Now a days, plethysmograph is used in the biomedical field to plot the arterial blood pressure curve. It is also used for measuring oxygen saturation in the blood and circulatory capacity with functional residual capacity and also to study respiration. Here the adder circuit inside the microcontroller is analyzed so that efficient output is obtained compared to the existing ones.
This paper presents a new and secure compression scheme without the loss of data. The proposed sc... more This paper presents a new and secure compression scheme without the loss of data. The proposed scheme is developed for grayscale medical images. It has been segregated into two divisions/phases. In phase-I, the secret medical image is encoded by the proposed modified steganography. In phase-II, the encoded image is compressed by the proposed pixel block compression technique. This paper is describes the phase-II of encoded image compression. The proposed compression is divided into four types of processes. Those processes are segregation, shuffling, conversion and encode. The significant of this technique is that, the image pixels positions are interchanged as much as possible within the image itself. Due to these processes, the proposed technique is achieved the high complexity. However, it's not an easy task to retrieve the same image by third parties. In addition, the proposed compression technique is providing lossless compression, 60% of the size can be reduced from the original image size, minimum execution time than the existing methods and the exact replica (100%) of the image can be retrieved from the reconstruction process.
This paper presents the development of a 'Physical to Cyber' system that monitors the environment... more This paper presents the development of a 'Physical to Cyber' system that monitors the environmental conditions at remote locations. The communication between the system components is by the wireless IEEE 802.11 b/g/n standards. The application gives the possibility of logging measurements from locations all over the world, and of visualizing and analyzing the gathered data from any device connected to the internet. This work includes the complete solution, a 'physical-cyber system', starting from the physical level, consisting of sensors and the communication protocol, and reaching the cyber level for data management and storage. A large number of cloud middleware platforms and tools are deployed to support a variety of 'internet-of things' (IoT) data analytics tasks. Such cloud platforms are used by its owners and also third parties to access raw and processed data to achieve their own objectives. This significantly increases integration and cooperation and can also lead to innovative use of the data.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) become a popular network which is widely used in all kinds of app... more Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) become a popular network which is widely used in all kinds of applications whereas environment disaster, earthquake, commercial and domestic applications etc. Compared to ad hoc networks, WSN consumes less energy and provides more security. In existing work, both energy and security are not attained at the same time. In this research paper, an Optimized Secure Location Aware Energy Efficient Protocol (OSLAEEP) is developed to satisfy both energy and security issues. There are three phases. In first phase, cluster is formed and cluster head is chosen based on node velocity and position. Position of node is a key factor which influences the stability. In second phase, multicast tree is established to support load balancing to maximize packet delivery rate. In last phase, energy level is estimated and integrated with public key encryption and decryption to provide both confidentiality and energy efficiency. From the simulation results, the proposed protocol OSLAEEP provides better performance in terms of data delivery ratio, end to end delay, location integrity, energy efficiency, throughput and control overhead than existing schemes.
P wave in electrocardiogram has significance importance since it reveals important information ab... more P wave in electrocardiogram has significance importance since it reveals important information about the various atrial disorders. A real time automated P wave analysis of diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG) based on the discrete wavelet transform is evaluated and developed. The algorithm on real time was evaluated by acquiring the signal from patients using Biokit(3-lead ECG). The analysis of the P wave of diagnostic ECG may be widely applicable for diagnosing many cardiac diseases. Here we are using discrete wavelet techniques for less computational time and better accuracy for classification, characterization and analysis of normal and abnormal P waves of ECG thus implementing a inexpensive breakthrough in the field of atrial conduction study. The efficiency of the algorithm is to be validated with more number of databases.
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