Se presenta el caso de paciente masculino de 20 años, quien en el mes de febrero de 2005, present... more Se presenta el caso de paciente masculino de 20 años, quien en el mes de febrero de 2005, presenta debilidad general y pérdida de peso progresiva cuantificada en 8 kg. MÉTODOS: Desde inicio de marzo de 2005 evidencia palidez cutánea, hipertermia precedida de escalofríos, de predominio vespertino, dolor en epigastrio, opresivo, no irradiado, motivo por el cual consulta a facultativo en su localidad, donde es hospitalizado. Permanece 30 días, recibiendo tratamiento con antibióticos sin mejoría, ameritando transfundir por presentar hemoglobina de 6 g/dL, sin sitio evidente de sangrado. Ecosonograma abdominal: hepatoesplenomegalia y LOE lóbulo hepático izquierdo, gastroscopia y colonoscopia normal. Resonancia magnética abdominal: evidencia de hepatomegalia asociado a la presencia de lesión de apariencia tumoral en el lóbulo hepático izquierdo, con realce heterogéneo. La evolución no fue la de un absceso hepático y la imagen ecosonográfica es de comportamiento sólido, por lo que se solicita a cirugía laparoscopia diagnóstica. Se descarta la posibilidad de toma percútanea guiada por eco en vista de alta posibilidad de sangrado. Se practica hepatectomía izquierda, biopsia: reporta: leiomiosarcoma hepático. Luego de la cirugía el paciente evoluciona satisfactoriamente. CONCLUSIÓN: A pesar de su poca frecuencia, los sarcomas hepáticos deben tomarse en cuenta en el diagnóstico diferencial de tumores hepáticos sólidos en el adulto, en ausencia de cirrosis. El único tratamiento que permite expectativas de supervivencia es quirúrgico, mediante hepatectomías regladas o "atípicas" con márgenes de seguridad e incluso en algunos casos trasplante hepático.
[Mountain Forum Bulletin January 2010] 32 1 Note: The exchange rate for 1.00 US Dollar, is equal ... more [Mountain Forum Bulletin January 2010] 32 1 Note: The exchange rate for 1.00 US Dollar, is equal to Nepali Rupee. 76.60; according to the rate fixed by Nepal Rastra Bank on October 2009. Case Study from Nepal Navraj Pradhan, Isabelle Providoli, Bimal Regmi, Gandhiv ...
Deserción en el bachillerato y situación laboral: el caso de tres liceos cercanos a Montevideo
monitor and service system components. They handle input and output of messages and data, schedul... more monitor and service system components. They handle input and output of messages and data, schedule the execution flow, assess priorities between application programs and carry out housekeeping functions. They also process interrupts and deal with error and emergency conditions. They must be designed to coordinate the functions of the system under varying loads. They also must provide the managers and
In this work we address the design and implementation of a tool to build Real-Time Supervisory Sy... more In this work we address the design and implementation of a tool to build Real-Time Supervisory Systems called IGNATIUS. An architectural decomposition of all the Supervisory Systems in three service levels has been proposed: Interface Service Level, Particular Service Level and Basic Service Level. The ISL and PSL vary with each particular implementation, but the BSL is common for all
Visitor Use Fees and Concession Systems in Protected Areas: Galapagos National Park Case Study
... Page 10. 9 Since 1975, the GNPS has managed a guide certification program. Guide training cou... more ... Page 10. 9 Since 1975, the GNPS has managed a guide certification program. Guide training courses are given in collaboration with the Charles Darwin Research Station (GNPS, 1996). ... These include special regulations for tourism in protected areas, a unified system for ...
Targeting water fund investments based on biophysical efficiency, social preferences and climate vulnerability
Background/Question/Methods Declining clean, consistent water flows is currently one of the grave... more Background/Question/Methods Declining clean, consistent water flows is currently one of the gravest issues for freshwater biodiversity conservation, the private sector and households worldwide. The Nature Conservancy and its partners have been creating water funds, a growing conservation mechanism aimed at addressing this challenge. This mechanism uses public and private funds to invest in watershed management practices that increase water-related ecosystem service flows and safeguard terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity. However, water fund investments are generally made in an ad hoc way, focusing on land owners who are willing to participate. Without scientific guidance, these funds risk failure by investing in places and activities that will not provide measurable ecosystem service returns, promoting actions that are not socially acceptable or targeting areas where climate change will lower ecosystem service returns, biodiversity importance or social acceptability. Results/Con...
Water Funds: A New Ecosystem Service and Biodiversity Conservation Strategy
Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, 2013
Biodiversity is increasingly threatened. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and partners in Latin Ameri... more Biodiversity is increasingly threatened. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and partners in Latin America have successfully replicated a payment for ecosystem services (PES) approach – water funds – to conserve biodiversity and improve human well-being. Water funds are flexible and adaptable. Recognizing the value of biodiversity in maintaining clean, regular flows of water, water users pay into a fund that is capitalized and used to preserve natural ecosystems and restore agricultural landscapes. Service providers are compensated via the fund. Water funds share certain characteristics but can be adjusted for different institutional, legal, and economic settings as demonstrated by case studies from Ecuador, Colombia, and Brazil.
BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access t... more BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.
Successful conservation of rare species requires detailed knowledge of the species' distribution.... more Successful conservation of rare species requires detailed knowledge of the species' distribution. Modeling spatial distribution is an efficient means of locating potential habitats. Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea, Parulidae) was listed as a Vulnerable Species by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in 2004. These neotropical migratory birds breed in eastern North America. The entire population migrates to the northern Andes in South America to spend the nonbreeding period. As part of a larger international conservation effort, we developed spatial hypotheses of the bird's occurrence in South America. We summarized physical, climatic, and recent land-cover data for the northern Andes using ESRI software, ArcGIS. We developed five hypothetical distributions based on Mahalanobis D, GARP, Biomapper, MAXENT, and Domain models. Combining results of the different models on the same map allowed us to design a rigorous strategy to ground-truth the map and thus to identify sites for protection of the species in South America.
Presents the results obtained when using a tool, called IGNATIUS, whose purpose is to build super... more Presents the results obtained when using a tool, called IGNATIUS, whose purpose is to build supervisory systems. An architectural decomposition of the supervisory systems into three service levels allows one to improve both development times and security. IGNATIUS encapsulates all the basic service routines, providing a development environment that can easily be used by inexperienced programmers. This approach allows one to build complex supervisory applications, and the results of such experiences are ...
Payments for ecosystem services (PES) are emerging worldwide as important mechanisms to align inv... more Payments for ecosystem services (PES) are emerging worldwide as important mechanisms to align investments in human and natural well-being. PES projects are often defined as voluntary transactions where well-defined environmental/ecosystem services (or land uses likely to secure those services) are bought by a minimum of one service buyer, from a minimum of one service provider, if and only if the service provider continuously secures service provision (conditionality). Further criteria of PES include limiting additional objectives and ensuring that payments reward behaviour that would otherwise not occur (additionality). Together these best practices for PES are increasingly accepted as the most efficient means to achieve desired outcomes and are guiding funding for PES projects. We used a series of water funds (watershed-oriented PES projects based on a trust fund model) to examine how theoretical best practices could inform and improve practice and also how theory could learn from practical efforts. We conclude that thoughtful consideration is required when evaluating the promise of a PES approach against a theoretical ideal. We found that requiring conditionality may limit the use of creative finance mechanisms such as trust funds that can provide long-term benefits for conservation and human well-being, and that requiring additionality can exclude benefits from social diffusion and result in the inefficient targeting of PES funds. Finally, public-private partnerships in water funds lead to multiple additional/side objectives but partnerships are likely to lower transaction costs and provide transparent, long-term landscape-scale watershed management.
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Papers by Silvia Benitez