Papers by Olubunmi Ogunrin
Editorial: Epilepsy research in the developing countries: the neuro-ethical issues, cross-cultural differences, and relevance to comprehensive management
Frontiers in neurology, May 23, 2024
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, Jun 27, 2023
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder complicated by cogni... more Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder complicated by cognitive dysfunctions which are associated with increased caregiver burden, pressure on community health facilities, and mortality in affected patients. Most of the data concerning cognitive dysfunctions in PD are from studies conducted in Europe and North America, but there is paucity of data from Sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the frequency, pattern and predictors of cognitive impairments amongst patients with Parkinson's disease. Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional case control study carried out at a tertiary health facility in South-south Nigeria. Participants with PD were consecutively recruited from the neurology outpatient clinics. Demographic and disease-specific data were obtained with the use of a pre-tested questionnaire. Cognitive performance of thirty patients with PD were compared with thirty demographically matched controls using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID). CSID was already validated among Nigerians. Results: The frequency of cognitive impairment using the CSID was 50% for PD patients (3.3% for controls). Poor cognitive performance was observed across several cognitive domains including language, executive dysfunction, psychomotor speed, and constructional apraxia among PD patients. The independent predictors of the overall cognitive impairment in patients with PD determined by logistic regression analysis include recall deficiency (p = 0.007), impairment with naming (p = 0.044), apraxia (p = 0.003), Hoen&Yahr staging (p = 0.046), UPDRS score (p = 0.015) and age at presentation (p = 0.014).
Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2017
Background: The occurrence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) needs to be fully evaluated in patients... more Background: The occurrence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) needs to be fully evaluated in patients with cerebral large artery disease (CLAD). Objective: The hypothesis of this study was that Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) might affect the occurrence of CMBs in those with CLAD. Patients and Methods/Material and Methods: We prospectively registered the patients with CLAD, who were hospitalized in our Neuro-center. Background, atherosclerotic risk factors, administration of antithrombotics before hospitalization and levels of cytokines and chemokines were evaluated. Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (SWI) or T2 Star Weighted MR Angiography (SWAN) were taken for the evaluation of CMBs. Brain Observer Micro Bleed Scale (BOMBS) was used for the assessment of the CBMs. We also examined of VEGF value of the participants. Since more than half of the patients showed VEGF below the sensitivity, patients were dichotomized between above and below the sensitivity of VEGF. Results: Sixty-six patients (71.1±8.9 years, 53 males and 13 females) were included in this study. Although patients' background and atherosclerotic risk factors were not correlated with VEGF value, those with VEGF of above the sensitivity tended to have CMBs more frequently (60.0% vs 32.6%, in the presence and absence of CMBs, P=0.056). With regard to the location of CMBs, those in the cortex and/or grey-white junction were observed more frequently in the patients with VEGF of above the sensitivity after multivariate analyses (Odds ratio: 3.80, 95% confidential interval: 1.07-13.5, P=0.039). Conclusion: In patients with CLAD, the elevation of VEGF might be associated with the presence of CMBs, especially located in the cortex and/or grey-white junction.
Journal of Clinical Research & Bioethics, 2016
Objective: The knowledge and application of ethical principles to the conduct of human subjects' ... more Objective: The knowledge and application of ethical principles to the conduct of human subjects' research is crucial to the integrity of the research industry. This study sought to assess the knowledge and practice of research ethics among biomedical researchers in research institutions in southern Nigeria. Methods: Four tertiary biomedical research institutions from the three geo-political zones situated in the southern part of Nigeria were selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Research participants were then selected by purposive sampling from these institutions. The knowledge and practice of research ethics among the study participants were assessed with a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done with Stata version 10SE. Results: A total of 102 biomedical researchers (66 males and 36 females) with a mean age of 39.8 (SD 7.0) years participated in the study. Forty-five percent knew that ethical review of research is for the protection of research participants from harm though sixty-four percent had attended at least one training seminar in research ethics. About fifteen percent knew of any international ethical guideline. Approximately eighty-five percent agreed that independent ethical review of protocol is important but only forty-eight percent received ethical approval for their research. Conclusion: The knowledge and practice of research ethics is inadequate among Nigerian biomedical researchers. Attendance at ethics seminar did not reflect knowledge and practice of research ethics. The knowledge and practice of research ethics need improvement. The independent review of research protocols must be obligatory. 
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Papers by Olubunmi Ogunrin