Papers by SUHAILA MOHAMED
Citrus hystrix leaf extract attenuated diabetic‐cataract in STZ‐rats
Journal of Food Biochemistry
Does cartilage ERα overexpression correlate with osteoarthritic chondrosenescence? Indications from Labisia pumila OA mitigation
Journal of Biosciences
Vernonia amygdalina inhibited osteoarthritis development by anti‐inflammatory and anticollagenase pathways in cartilage explant and osteoarthritis‐induced rat model
Phytotherapy Research
Epicatechin and scopoletin‐rich Morinda citrifolia leaf ameliorated leukemia via anti‐inflammatory, anti‐angiogenesis, and apoptosis pathways in vitro and in vivo
Journal of Food Biochemistry
Epicatechin and scopoletin rich Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract supplementation, mitigated Osteoarthritis via anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-protease pathways
Journal of Food Biochemistry
Java Tea (Orthosiphon stamineus) protected against osteoarthritis by mitigating inflammation and cartilage degradation: a preclinical study
Inflammopharmacology, 2018
The effect of Orthosiphon stamineus aqueous (OSA) extract against osteoarthritis (OA) was investi... more The effect of Orthosiphon stamineus aqueous (OSA) extract against osteoarthritis (OA) was investigated in explant cartilage culture and in postmenopausal OA rat model. Female rats were bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX). Osteoarthritis was induced after surgical recovery, by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the right knee. Rats were grouped (n = 8) into: healthy sham control; non-treated OA; OA + diclofenac (positive control 5 mg/kg); and two doses OSA (150-300 mg/kg). After 4 weeks' treatment, rats were evaluated for OA-related parameters and biomarkers. The OSA reduced proteoglycan and ROS release from the cartilage explants under inflammatory (IL-1b) conditions. In the OA-induced rats' cartilages, the OSA downregulated the mRNA expressions for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, NF-κβ, NOS2, PTGS2, PTGER2, ACAN, COL2A1, MMP1, MMP13, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and TIMP1, mostly dose-dependently. The OSA reduced the OA rats' serum levels for PGE, CTX-II, TNF-α,...
Labisia pumila prevented osteoarthritis cartilage degeneration by attenuating joint inflammation and collagen breakdown in postmenopausal rat model
Inflammopharmacology, 2018
The tropical herb Labisia pumila is traditionally used in facilitating childbirth and post-partum... more The tropical herb Labisia pumila is traditionally used in facilitating childbirth and post-partum care. The effects of L. pumila leaf extract (LP) in explant cartilage culture and on postmenopausal osteoarthritis (OA) rat model were assessed. The LP (10, 25 and 50 µg/ml) or diclofenac (10 µg/ml) was added to the cartilage explants containing bovine IL-1β (20 ng/ml), to evaluate their direct effects on cartilage degradation. In the preclinical study, rats were grouped (n = 8) into: non-treated OA; OA + diclofenac (5 mg/kg); OA + LP extract (150 and 300 mg/kg); and healthy control. To induce OA, monosodium iodoacetate was injected into the ovariectomised female rats' intra-articular knee joints and evaluated for OA severity after 8 weeks via physical (radiological, macroscopic and histological observations), biochemical, ELISA and mRNA expression analysis (for inflammation and cartilage degradation biomarkers). The LP reduced the nitric oxide and proteoglycan release from the cart...
Ficus deltoidea Prevented Bone Loss in Preclinical Osteoporosis/Osteoarthritis Model by Suppressing Inflammation
Calcified tissue international, 2018
Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are debilitating musculoskeletal diseases of the elderl... more Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are debilitating musculoskeletal diseases of the elderly. Ficus deltoidea (FD) or mistletoe fig, a medicinal plant, was pre-clinically evaluated against OP- and OA-related bone alterations, in postmenopausal OA rat model. Thirty twelfth-week-old female rats were divided into groups (n = 6). Four groups were bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) and OA-induced by intra-articular monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) injection into the right knee joints. The Sham control and OVX-OA non-treated groups were given deionized water. The three other OVX-OA groups were orally administered daily with FD extract (200, 400 mg/kg) or diclofenac (5 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. The rats' bones and blood were evaluated for protein and mRNA expressions of osteoporosis and inflammatory indicators, and micro-CT computed tomography for bone microstructure. The non-treated OVX-OA rats developed severe OP bone loss and bone microstructural damage in the subchondral and metaphyseal re...
Standardized Morinda citrifolia L. and Morinda elliptica L. leaf extracts alleviated fatigue by improving glycogen storage and lipid/carbohydrate metabolism
Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2018
The antifatigue properties of Morinda elliptica (ME) leaf were compared with Morinda citrifolia (... more The antifatigue properties of Morinda elliptica (ME) leaf were compared with Morinda citrifolia (MC) leaf extracts. Sixty Balb/C mice were administered (N = 10): control water, standardized green tea extract (positive control 200 mg/kg body weight [BW]), either 200 or 400 mg MC/kg BW, or either 200 or 400 mg ME/kg BW). The mice performances, biochemical, and mRNA expressions were evaluated. After 6 weeks, the weight-loaded swimming time to exhaustion in the mice consuming 400 mg MC/kg, were almost five times longer than the control mice. The gene expressions analysis suggested the extracts enhanced performance by improving lipid catabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, electron transport, antioxidant responses, energy production, and tissue glycogen stores. The MC and ME extracts enhanced stamina by reducing blood lactate and blood urea nitrogen levels, increasing liver and muscle glycogen reserve through augmenting the glucose metabolism (glucose transporter type 4 and pyruvate dehydro...
Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme, Jan 14, 2018
The prolonged intake of diet containing repeatedly heated vegetable oil can cause hypertension in... more The prolonged intake of diet containing repeatedly heated vegetable oil can cause hypertension in the long run. In this study, the effects of citrus leaf extract (CLE) supplementation on vascular reactivity, plasma nitrite, and aortic structure in repeatedly-heated vegetable oil-induced hypertension rats were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 56) were divided into seven groups corresponding to the respective diets. For 16 weeks, one group was given standard rat chow (control) while other groups were given diets containing 15% w/w of palm oil, fresh palm oil (FPO), five-time-heated palm oil (5HPO) and ten-time-heated palm oil (10HPO), with or without 0.15% w/w CLE incorporation (FPO+CLE, 5HPO+CLE or 10HPO+CLE). Plasma nitrite levels were measured before and at 16 weeks of treatment. After 16 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and aortae were harvested for measuring vascular reactivity and for microscopic study. CLE supplementation had significantly reduced the loss of plasma n...
Scopoletin-standardized Morinda elliptica leaf extract suppressed inflammation and cartilage degradation to alleviate osteoarthritis: A preclinical study
Phytotherapy research : PTR, Jan 25, 2017
The effect of scopoletin-standardized Morinda elliptica leaf extract against osteoarthritis was i... more The effect of scopoletin-standardized Morinda elliptica leaf extract against osteoarthritis was investigated in ex vivo explant culture and preclinical rodent model. Thirty male rats were grouped (n = 6) into untreated osteoarthritis (OA), OA + Diclofenac (5 mg/kg), and OA + extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) and compared with healthy control. Monosodium iodoacetate were injected into the right intra-articular knee joints to induce OA. The rats were evaluated for OA severity via physical (micro-CT and histological observations), biochemical, ELISA, and mRNA expression analysis (for inflammation and cartilage degradation biomarkers), after 28 days of treatment. The extract suppressed glycosaminoglycan release from the cartilage explant in the presence of Interleukin-1β. The 200 mg/kg dose appeared better than 400 mg/kg dose, at reducing cartilage and subchondral bone erosions in OA-induced rats, by significantly down-regulating the collagenases and aggrecanase. The extract dose-dependently ...
Orthosiphon stamineus (Misai Kucing) ameliorated postmenopausal osteoporosis in rat model
Menopause
Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) or Misai Kucing (Java tea) is a popular herbal supplement from Southea... more Orthosiphon stamineus (OS) or Misai Kucing (Java tea) is a popular herbal supplement from Southeast Asia for various metabolic, age-related diseases. This study investigated the potential use of OS leaf extracts to ameliorate osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. Fifty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into eight groups (n = 7): SHAM (healthy sham control); OVX (ovarietomized) nontreated rats (negative control); OVX + Remifemin (100 mg/kg body weight), and 2% green tea extract (positive controls); OVX + OS 50% ethanolic and aqueous extracts, both at either 150 or 300 mg/kg. After 16 weeks, the rats' bones and blood were evaluated for osteoporosis indicators (protein and mRNA expressions), micro-computed tomography for bone histomorphometry, and three-point bending test for tibia mechanical strength. The extracts dose-dependently and significantly (P < 0.05) improved bone strength and flexibility, bone mineral density, bone formation protein markers (P1NP), and bone histomorphometry. All extracts reduced the inflammation biomarker (interleukin-6). The extracts up-regulated osteoblastogenesis (bone morphogenetic protein-2) and collagen-1 synthesis (collagen type 1 alpha-1) mRNA expressions, and down-regulated bone resorption (TNFSF11 and nuclear factor-kappa B) mRNA expressions. Both the water and 50% ethanolic extract were effective. The effective dose is equivalent to 25 to 50 mg/kg extract for humans. The extract showed bone-protective and antiosteoporotic effects (improving bone strength, flexibility, bone density, and bone morphometry) by reducing inflammation and the bone resorption biomarkers, while enhancing bone formation biomarkers and collagen synthesis.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, Jan 10, 2017
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by continuous hyperglycemia... more Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by continuous hyperglycemia associated with insulin resistance and /or reduced insulin secretion. There is an emerging trend regarding the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Melicope lunu-ankenda (ML) is one of the Melicope species belonging to the family Rutaceae. In traditional medicines, its leaves and flowers are known to exhibit prodigious health benefits. The present study aimed at investigating anti-diabetic effect of Melicope lunu-ankenda (ML) leaves extract. In this study, anti-diabetic effect of ML extract is investigated in vivo to evaluate the biochemical changes, potential serum biomarkers and alterations in metabolic pathways pertaining to the treatment of HFD/STZ induced diabetic rats with ML extract using (1)H NMR based metabolomics approach. Type 2 diabetic rats were treated with different doses (200 and 400 mg/kg BW) of Melicope lunu-ankenda leaf extract for 8 weeks, ...
Citrus leaf extract reduces blood pressure and vascular damage in repeatedly heated palm oil diet-Induced hypertensive rats
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, Jan 6, 2017
Prolonged consumption of repeatedly heated vegetable oil increases blood pressure. This study aim... more Prolonged consumption of repeatedly heated vegetable oil increases blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the effects of Citrus leaf extract, (CLE) on blood pressure, blood pressure-regulating enzymes and mediators, as well as aortic histomorphometry in heated palm oil induced-hypertension. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n=56) were divided into seven groups; control group was given normal diet and the other groups were fed with palm oil-enriched diet (15% w/w) either fresh (FPO), five-time-heated (5HPO) or ten-time-heated (10HPO) with or without CLE (0.15%, w/w) supplementation. CLE supplementation reduced the heated oil-raising effect of blood pressure, plasma TBARS, thromboxane and angiotensin-1 converting enzyme in 5HPO but not in 10HPO group. CLE increased serum heme oxygenase-1 in both 5HPO and 10HPO groups. CLE supplementation reduced the increase in aortic intima-media thickness, intima-media area and circumferential wall tension in 5HPO group but not in 10HPO group. These ...
Functional Food and dietary supplements For Lung Health
Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2016
Nutrition, 2016
Objective: Black tea and Nonileaf are among the dietary compounds that can benefit patients with ... more Objective: Black tea and Nonileaf are among the dietary compounds that can benefit patients with bone resorption disorders. Their bone regeneration effects and their mechanisms were studied in estrogen-deficient rats. Methods: Noni leaves (three doses) and black tea water extracts were fed to ovariectomized rats for 4 mo, and their effects (analyzed via mechanical measurements, micro-computed tomography scan, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction mRNA) were compared with Remifemin (a commercial phytoestrogen product from black cohosh). Results: The water extracts (dose-dependently for noni leaves) increased bone regeneration biomarker (runt-related transcription factor 2, bone morphogenetic protein 2, osteoprotegerin, estrogen receptor 1 [ESR1], collagen type I alpha 1A) expressions and reduced the inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor [NF]-κB, and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand) mRNA expressions/levels in the rats. The extracts also improved bone physical and mechanical properties. The extracts demonstrated bone regeneration through improving bone size and structure, bone mechanical properties (strength and flexibility), and bone mineralization and density. Conclusions: The catechin-rich extract favored bone regeneration and suppressed bone resorption. The mechanisms involved enhancing osteoblast generation and survival, inhibiting osteoclast growth and activities, suppressing inflammation, improving bone collagen synthesis and upregulating ESR1 expression to augment phytoestrogenic effects. Estrogen deficiency bone loss and all extracts studied (best effect from Morinda leaf at 300 mg/kg body weight) mitigated the loss, indicating benefits for the aged and menopausal women.
Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure, 2016
The edible red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii or Eucheuma cottonii is commercially cultivated in t... more The edible red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii or Eucheuma cottonii is commercially cultivated in the pristine tropical seas for carrageenan production. The systemic, cellular, and molecular effects of E. cottonii 50% alcohol extract [seaweed E. cottonii ethanol extract (SECE)] on breast cancer were investigated in a rat model. Mammary tumor was induced by subcutaneously injecting LA7 cells in female rat mammary pads. After 2 weeks of cancer growth, the rats received oral administration of either SECE [150 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 300 mg/kg BW] or tamoxifen. Electron microscopy imaging results confirmed macrophage activity and hematoxylin and eosin staining indicated that tumor histopathological alterations were restored toward normal structures by the seaweed extract. The extract suppressed tumor development and modulated the immune responses. This was evidenced by the microscopic observations, the increased spleen weight, size, spleen CD19 B cells, and blood immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. The extract also increased the circulating total white blood cells, lymphocytes, segmented neutrophils count, T cells (CD3), T-helper cells (CD4), cytotoxic T cell (CD8), and nuclear factor-kappa beta expressions. The extract enhanced cancer cell death, by upregulating the Birc5, Chk1, and p53 levels and downregulating the tumor growth cellular Mdm2 (transformed mouse 3T3 cell double minute 2) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. The extract showed no toxicity at 150 mg/kg BW in rats. The lectin-rich SECE showed tumor suppression by enhancing immune responses and upregulating the cancer cell apoptosis mRNA expressions.
Periphyton-based apparatus for improving aquaculture production and method preparing thereof
Effect of Packaging and Modified Atmosphere on the Shelf Lifeof Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) I
ABSTRAK Rambutan menjadi hitam dan kering di bahagian kulit, dalam masa 72 jam bila ianya disimpa... more ABSTRAK Rambutan menjadi hitam dan kering di bahagian kulit, dalam masa 72 jam bila ianya disimpan pada suhu bilik tanpa bungkusan. Wama kulit, kemantapan dan berat rambutan dapat dikekalkan dengan me-nyimpan rambutan-dalam bungkusan tidak telap, pada suhu ...
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, Apr 25, 2013
Catechin-rich oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) leaf extract (OPLE) possesses good anti-diabetic, anti... more Catechin-rich oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) leaf extract (OPLE) possesses good anti-diabetic, antihypertension, antioxidant, organ-protective, cardiovascular properties and other health benefits. Previous sub-chronic daily supplement of 500 mg kg-1 body weight (bw) for 3 months in rats showed no significant adverse effects. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the acute toxicity of the OPLE. The acute toxicity study was conducted by administering to the rats a single dose of either 2 or 5 g kg-1 bw. General behavior, body weights, other adverse effects and mortality were monitored for up to 14 days. Total white blood cells (WBC), lymphocyte, red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin concentrations and packed cell volume (PCV) were determined at 0, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days. Liver and kidney function markers were monitored and the effects on the essential organs were examined histologically. The no-observed adverse effects (NOAE) were seen in the 2 g dose, while at the 5 g dose, behavioral changes, grooming, tachycardia, heavy breathing and weakness lasted for 2 h. The 5 g dose also caused significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in RBC, hemoglobin and PCV although there was indifference in lymphocyte and WBC counts. Liver function markers and histology showed hepatocyte damage especially at day 7 in the 5 g dose, but there was partial recovery by the 14 th day. The kidneys showed no significant changes. There was no death even at the 5 g dose, and the acute toxic injuries appeared reversible because the rats gradually recovered. In view of the NOAE dose of 2 g kg-1 , the OPLE at the normal dose levels may be considered relatively safe for use.
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Papers by SUHAILA MOHAMED