Aggressive Behaviour

Background: Peer bullying is increasingly recognized as a contextual issue shaped by the school environment. Although extracurricular activities are often considered protective, their association with school-level aggressive and misconduct behaviors, including peer intimidation-related behaviors, appears to depend on broader institutional factors rather than operating in isolation. Objective: Grounded in a social-ecological framework, this study investigates the relationship between the availability of extracurricular activities and school-level aggressive and misconduct behaviors, specifically examining the mediating role of school-level instructional barriers and the moderating role of learning-related hindrances. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the PISA 2022 database were analyzed. After handling missing data, the final analytic sample comprised 16,555 schools across 75 countries. A moderated mediation model was tested to examine the association between the availability of extracurricular activities and school-level aggressive and misconduct behaviors, with problems hindering the school's instructional capacity as a mediator and phenomena hindering students' learning as a moderator of the direct association. Results: Greater availability of extracurricular activities was associated with lower levels of school-level aggressive and misconduct behaviors, indirectly through reduced problems that hindered the school's instructional capacity. In addition, the direct association between extracurricular activities and school-level aggressive and misconduct behaviors varied depending on the level of phenomena hindering students' learning. These findings indicate that the relationship between extracurricular activities and aggression-and misconduct-related school problems is shaped not only by institutional barriers but also by the broader school learning context. Conclusion: The findings suggest that extracurricular activities are not standalone protective factors but operate within a broader school ecology. Their protective potential is partly explained by instructional capacity and depends on the level of learning-related hindrances within the school environment, highlighting the need for comprehensive school-wide strategies addressing broader aggression-and misconduct-related school problems, including peer bullying-related behaviors.

This study examined the effect of age, gender, and location on the aggressive behaviours of secondary school students in Kogi State, Nigeria. The study specifically sought to determine the psychosocial factors associated with aggressive behaviours among students based on gender, location, and age. Three research questions and three corresponding hypotheses guided the investigation. The study adopted a correlational survey design, which enabled the researcher to establish the relationships among psychosocial factors such as family influence, peer pressure, emotional regulation, and exposure to media violence, and how these factors influence aggression across demographic groups. The population of the study comprised all secondary school students in Kogi State, while the sample was drawn using a multi-stage stratified random sampling technique to ensure representation across gender, age, and location. Data were collected using a structured instrument titled Psychosocial Factors and Aggressive Behaviour Scale (PFABS), which was validated by experts and yielded a Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.84, indicating high internal consistency. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson Product Moment Correlation) at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed a significant relationship between psychosocial factors and aggressive behaviours among secondary school students based on gender, location, and age. Male students were more prone to physical aggression, while females exhibited higher levels of relational or verbal aggression. Students in urban schools displayed overt and competitive aggression due to social pressure and exposure to media, while rural students manifested covert and frustration-induced aggression linked to economic hardship. Younger adolescents (11-14 years) showed impulsive and reactive aggression, whereas older students (15-19 years) engaged more in relational or strategic aggression associated with peer competition and identity struggles. The study concluded that age, gender, and location significantly shape the manifestation of aggressive behaviour among students in Kogi State through their influence on psychosocial experiences. It recommended that school authorities and counsellors adopt gender-and location-sensitive interventions, such as emotional intelligence training, peer mediation, and family counselling, to reduce aggression and enhance students' social adjustment.

Difficulties with anger regulation in individuals with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning (MID-BIF) are often associated with aggressive behaviour. Psychomotor therapy (PMT), a mind-body intervention often applied in Dutch facilities for this target group, uses body awareness and physical activities as a medium to learn how to gain control over one's anger and reduce aggressive behaviour. With Intervention Mapping as a framework, 17 Dutch psychomotor therapists were asked to describe their PMT programme to investigate its content and coherence. Results suggested that interoceptive awareness (IA) and adaptive coping skills (ACS) are key elements of the PMT programmes. The theoretical basis of the PMT programmes is however limited and specific instruments for evaluating PMT are not available yet, especially for IA. Psychomotor therapists would gain from a welldescribed PMT programme. Future research is warranted on IA, and specific instruments need to be developed and validated for this target group.

Eight lactating she-camels, eight calves plus one mature male were divided into two groups: (G1 and G2). In (G1) calves were completely restricted from suckling after 60th days. Calves of (G2) were freely suckling. Another eight lactating she-camels, eight calves and one mature male were divided into two groups: (GY) which included she-camels in first and second parity, and (GA) included camels in third, fourth and fifth parity. Milk samples were collected from the second week up to the 4th month postpartum. Progesterone level in milk was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) apparatus. The higher concentration of progesterone (7.84 ng/ml) was recorded in the 8th week postpartum in G1 compared to (6.23 ng/ml) in the 2nd week in G2. Only two she-camel of G1 became pregnant during the first four months postpartum. Progesterone concentration reached higher level of (8.83ng/ml) in the 6th week postpartum of GA compared to (4.7867 ng/ml) in 16th week of GY. Only one she-camel of GY was suspected to be pregnant. The results revealed that the level of progesterone in milk of she-camel is a good indicator of ovarian activity within the first four months postpartum.

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Objectives Mindfulness-based programs have been delivered to people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and aggressive behaviour with some success. The current study is part of a wider feasibility study, which aimed to test the adaptation of the Soles of the Feet (SoF) meditation practice to a six-session, one-to-one intervention delivered within the UK National Health Service. It was designed for adults with ID to help reduce their aggressive behaviour. Methods Eighteen stakeholders were interviewed from three groups: (1) people with ID who took part in the intervention, (2) their supporters, and (3) therapists who delivered the intervention. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results The intervention had high acceptability among participants, although they reported mixed outcomes, these outcomes aligned closely with reports on effectiveness from supporters and therapists. Some people with ID and their supporters reported positive changes, such as reduced aggression, increased sociability, and higher quality of life. Some participants reported no change. Conclusions Four participants and their supporters reported clear benefits from the SoF intervention. For the three that did not report benefits, this appeared to be related to whether the person with ID understood the intervention and/or were motivated to reduce their aggressive behaviour. There was also evidence of supporters needing more direct instruction on how to facilitate the SoF intervention with the person they care for. Suggestions for future research are made, and clinical implications explored.

is culturally viewed as a school specific condition. Parents perceive accessing child psychiatric services as stigmatizing and prefer educational interventions for ADHD. There is a crucial need for research that restructures information and intervention paradigms about ADHD within a school context. The objectives of the present study were to understand teacher perspectives in relation to ADHD behaviours as they present in mainstream elementary classrooms. Located in Bangalore Urban district, India, the purposive sample consisted of teachers and students from the elementary section of 5 regular schools. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, classroom observations and responses to vignettes. Responses were qualitatively analysed for themes and main concepts. Results indicate that teachers use a framework model to locate the construct of ADHD in a developmental context. ADHD behaviours are attributed to parent disciplining styles and environmental factors such as over exposure to electronic media. Teachers respond to classroom challenging behaviours using directive and heuristic strategies. The study highlights the need to recognize cultural complexities in understanding the ADHD construct.

In Malaysia, Illegal motorcycle street racers (locally known as Mat Rempit) is a well known phenomena. Racing on the public roads and performing dangerous stunts action not only endangered themselves but also threaten other road users. This article examines the relationship between impulsive traits, sensation seeking, aggression and risk taking behaviors among illegal motorcycle street racers in Malaysia. Some 564 motorcyclists (identified as Mat Rempit) were interviewed and requested to complete self-reported questionnaires on aggression, sensation seeking, and risky riding. This study found that the Mat Rempit who participated in illegal street racing scored higher on aggression, sensation seeking, and risk taking behaviors as compared to the group of respondents not involved. Results also revealed that those higher on overall impulsive sensation seeking traits also scored relatively high on aggression and risky riding. Regression analysis showed aggression, and sensation seeking behaviors contributed to 16.1% of the total variance in risky riding. This study suggested that effective enforcement as well as special rehabilitation program is needed for this group.

We would like to recognize the support of the Continuing Care Division in the design and development of the Psychogeriatric Client ID Study -Phase I. In ' particular, we thank Lee Frost and Michael Beseau for their constructive feedback at every step of the process. ' We are especially indebted to the 50 health care professionals across the province who participated in the key informant's survey, as well as the 13 family ' members and direct care nursing staff who shared their insights and experiences in caring for psychogeriatric clients. They appreciated the importance of this ' research and contributed valuable planning information to assist the Continuing Care Division with program design and resource allocation for the psychogeriatric population in British Columbia. Thanks also go to Clare Hand, Gerontology Research Centre Receptionist, for her assistance with preparation of the final report.

Aggressive behaviour is the most disturbing and distressing behaviour displayed by elderly people. The prevalence of aggressive behaviour is around 50% among psychogeriatric patients. Objective: This study sought to analyze the psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the French version of the Rating Scale for Aggressive Behaviour in the Elderly (F-RAGE). Methods: The F-RAGE was administered to 79 patients hospitalized in a geriatric psychiatry department. A psychiatrist, who was blind to the subjects' RAGE scores, performed the diagnosis for aggressivity based on global clinical impression. The F-RAGE and MMSE were applied by a trained researcher blind to subjects' clinical diagnoses while the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory and Neuropsychiatric Inventory were administered by medical and nursing staff. Internal consistency, reliability, cut-off points, sensitivity and specificity for F-RAGE were estimated. Results: F-RAGE showed satisfactory validity and relia...

Background: Poor anger regulation is considered a risk factor of aggression in individuals with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities. Psychomotor therapy (PMT) targets anger regulation through body-and movement-oriented interventions. This study aims to inform practitioners on efficacy and research-base of PMT in this population. Method: This systematic review evaluated nine studies which met inclusion criteria in terms of participants, intervention procedures, outcomes and certainty of evidence. Results: Seven studies revealed a substantial reduction of aggressive behaviour or anger. Certainty of evidence was rated inconclusive in most cases due to absence of experimental control. Conclusions: We can conclude that body-oriented PMT, involving progressive relaxation and meditation procedure "Soles of the Feet", is a promising approach. However, the paucity of studies and methodological limitations preclude classifying it as an evidence-based practice. This suggests stronger methodological research and research aimed at PMT's mechanisms of action (e.g., improved interoceptive awareness) is warranted.

Executive functions (EFs) allow to planning and voluntarily and autonomously produce targeted behaviors, in unusual or complex conditions in which the automated response schemes are not appropriate or sufficient to achieve behavior goal. The aim of this study was to evaluate EFs in preschool children presenting with Global Developmental Delay (GDD). Fifty-two preschool children participated in this study: 20 GDD children

Executive functions (EFs) allow to planning and voluntarily and autonomously produce targeted behaviors, in unusual or complex conditions in which the automated response schemes are not appropriate or sufficient to achieve behavior goal. The aim of this study was to evaluate EFs in preschool children presenting with Global Developmental Delay (GDD). Fifty-two preschool children participated in this study: 20 GDD children

Objectives Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) such as the ‘Soles of the Feet’ (SoF) meditation have been shown to be effective for reducing aggressive behavior in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Research on SoF has shown promising results in the USA but there is an absence of evidence for the approach in the United Kingdom (UK). The aim of this research was to adapt SoF for the UK and to assess the feasibility and cost of implementing the SoF intervention in a UK healthcare setting (UK SoF). Methods The UK SoF intervention consisted of a manualized protocol delivered over a six-week period by National Health Service staff to people with ID and their carers. This was a single-arm study with three measurement time points (baseline and 2- and 6-month follow-ups). Results The UK SoF intervention was shown to be feasible, with recruitment, retention, and adherence figures exceeding the minimum cut-off of 50%. Costs were £2426 per participant, or £2766 when including set-up cos...

Objectives Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) such as the ‘Soles of the Feet’ (SoF) meditation have been shown to be effective for reducing aggressive behavior in people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Research on SoF has shown promising results in the USA but there is an absence of evidence for the approach in the United Kingdom (UK). The aim of this research was to adapt SoF for the UK and to assess the feasibility and cost of implementing the SoF intervention in a UK healthcare setting (UK SoF). Methods The UK SoF intervention consisted of a manualized protocol delivered over a six-week period by National Health Service staff to people with ID and their carers. This was a single-arm study with three measurement time points (baseline and 2- and 6-month follow-ups). Results The UK SoF intervention was shown to be feasible, with recruitment, retention, and adherence figures exceeding the minimum cut-off of 50%. Costs were £2426 per participant, or £2766 when including set-up cos...

Objectives Mindfulness-based programs have been delivered to people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and aggressive behaviour with some success. The current study is part of a wider feasibility study, which aimed to test the adaptation of the Soles of the Feet (SoF) meditation practice to a six-session, one-to-one intervention delivered within the UK National Health Service. It was designed for adults with ID to help reduce their aggressive behaviour. Methods Eighteen stakeholders were interviewed from three groups: (1) people with ID who took part in the intervention, (2) their supporters, and (3) therapists who delivered the intervention. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Results The intervention had high acceptability among participants, although they reported mixed outcomes, these outcomes aligned closely with reports on effectiveness from supporters and therapists. Some people with ID and their supporters reported positive changes, such as reduced aggression, increased sociability, and higher quality of life. Some participants reported no change. Conclusions Four participants and their supporters reported clear benefits from the SoF intervention. For the three that did not report benefits, this appeared to be related to whether the person with ID understood the intervention and/or were motivated to reduce their aggressive behaviour. There was also evidence of supporters needing more direct instruction on how to facilitate the SoF intervention with the person they care for. Suggestions for future research are made, and clinical implications explored.

FIORENZO MOSCATELLI1,§, ANNA VALENZANO1§, VINCENZO MONDA2, MARIA RUBERTO3, GIUSEPPE MONDA1, ANTONIO I.TRIGGIANI1, EMANUELE MONDA1, SERGIO CHIEFFI2, INES VILLANO2, LUCIA PARISI4, MICHELE ROCCELLA4, ANTONIETTA MESSINA2,* 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy 2Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Italy 3Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Second University of Naples, Italy 4Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy

RAFFAELE SPERANDEO1,§, MAURO N. MALDONATO2,§, ANTONIETTA MESSINA2,9, PASQUALE COZZOLINO3, MARCELLINO MONDA2, FRANCESCO CERRONI4, PALMIRA ROMANO4, MARGHERITA SALERNO6, AGATA MALTESE6, MICHELE ROCCELLA6, LUCIA PARISI6, GABRIELE TRIPI7, FIORENZO MOSCATELLI8, FRANCESCO SESSA8, MONICA SALERNO8, GIUSEPPE CIBELLI8, GIOVANNI MESSINA8, VINCENZO MONDA9, SERGIO CHIEFFI9, INES VILLANO9, EMANUELE MONDA9, MARIA RUBERTO10, GABRIELLA MARSALA11, ROSA MAROTTA R5, ANNA VALENZANO8* 1Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetic and Sport Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania, Naples, Italy 2Department of Human science, Università della Basilicata, Italy 3SiPGI Postgraduate School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy, D.M. 12.10.2007 Naples, Italy 4Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Italy 5Department of Health Sciences, Uni...

Theory of mind (ToM) has been addressed in relation to functional alterations of certain brain regions and their connections. The objective is to evaluate ToM in imprisoned criminal offenders and to analyze their relationship with the functions linked to the prefrontal cortex according to their expression in neuropsychological tests. The sample was composed of 52 subjects. 27 committed instrumental homicides and 25 crimes of sale and/or possession of narcotics. A control group was taken, 19 healthy subjects at liberty. The Faux-Pas (FP) and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes tests were used. A neuropsychological battery of executive functions and functions related to the frontal lobes and Hare's Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) was also applied. The criminal groups have comparable performances in all measures. The control group (in freedom) showed higher performance, with statistical significance, in the Faux-Pas test. Moderate negative correlations were found between the FP and the PCL-R. A distinction between affective and cognitive ToM could be affirmed, with people deprived of liberty presenting deficient functioning in the cognitive ToM test. This difference in performance could be linked to the disruptive event with the social norm and not so much with the violent homicide act itself.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las relaciones entre las estrategias adaptativas y desadaptativas de la regulación emocional (RE) y sus efectos sobre la intolerancia a la frustración (IF). Se conformó una muestra no-probabilística de 1066 adultos (M edad= 35.76, DS= 12.78, femenino= 838) residentes en Argentina, a quienes se administraron la Escala de Intolerancia a la Frustración (EIF) y el Cuestionario de regulación emocional cognitiva (CERQ, Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire). A través de un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, se determinó que la estrategia de RE denominada Rumiación presentó los mayores efectos sobre la IF; además, se destacó por sus efectos mediadores sobre las demás estrategias desadaptativas. Aunque Aceptación, Poner en perspectiva y Refocalización en planes se consideren estrategias adaptativas de RE, el modelo desarrollado indica que fomentan el uso de las estrategias desadaptativas. Solamente la Focalización positiva tuvo efectos po...