Attitude change

Opinion polling procedures allow for reasonable inferences about attitude changes. We examined this contention using surveys about the nomination of Clarence Thomas. In this situation, prior theory allowed us to predict the direction of changes, surveys had been conducted by a number of organizations, and substantial information was available about the methodology used in the surveys. As a result we concluded that the deteriorating opinions of Thomas were real. Polls suggest that there was a change of opinions about Clarence Thomas in the year following the confirmation hearings that put him on the Supreme Court (Rucinski 1993). In 15 polls conducted in 1991, an average of 51% of the respondents were pro-Thomas. In contrast, only 37% of the respondents were pro-Thomas in three 1992 surveys. 1 1 We used unweighted averages throughout the paper.

This study examined the influence of self-esteem, self-efficacy, and attitude on the professional
development of lecturers in Ghanaian Colleges of Education, with particular attention to gender
differences. Anchored in a quantitative descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 300
randomly sampled lecturers using a validated structured questionnaire. Exploratory and Confirmatory
Factor Analyses established strong construct validity and reliability of the measurement models.
Multiple regression analysis revealed that self-esteem, self-efficacy, and attitude significantly predicted
professional development engagement (p<.05), with self-efficacy emerging as the strongest predictor
for both male and female lecturers. However, attitude demonstrated relatively stronger influence among
female lecturers, while male lecturers relied more heavily on efficacy beliefs. The findings underscore
that lecturers’ psychological dispositions substantially shape their participation in workshops, research,
mentoring, and continuous learning initiatives. The study concludes that professional development
frameworks must integrate psychological empowerment and gender-responsive strategies to enhance
sustainable academic growth and institutional effectiveness.
Keywords: Self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-efficacy, attitude, professional development

Against the background of successful right-wing populist movements in recent years, a question arises as to whether the democratic political culture remains stable in Europe’s democracies. The EVS 2017 confirms that a high level of legitimacy is still attached to democracy, but that there are differences in support for the current democratic system. In Eastern Europe, we find a strong openness to alternative anti-democratic systems, which helps right-wing populists to gain influence and power. Prejudice provides a bridge between right-wing populists and religion. While socially engaged believers are pro-democratic, fundamentalist have an elective affinity with anti-democratic beliefs. Gender identities that do not follow the heteronormative pattern of binary couple relationships in particular prove to be a bridge to right-wing beliefs (Schneider et al., Zeitschrift für Religion, Gesellschaft und Politik (ZRGP) 5(2), 2021). It is possible that the ongoing progress of secularisation a...

Scotland’s Road Safety Framework to 2020 acknowledges the importance of communicating road safety messages to pre-drivers at a young age and makes a commitment to develop a guide to organising pre-driver events for secondary school pupils. The Framework also includes a commitment to look for innovate ways to target young drivers with appropriate messages about safe driving, to increase their awareness and understanding of their vulnerability and the dangers they face due to inexperience.

ambiental que vivenciamos em nosso cotidiano, causada por nossas próprias ações que revertem em perda da qualidade de vida, percebe-se que a maior parte da população tem pouca clareza conceitual acerca de termos necessários ao diálogo. Neste contexto, a Educação Ambiental é resposta à minimização dessa problemática, configurando-se num processo de exposição de conceitos e formação de valores, com respeito à diversidade e à promoção, através da sensibilização, da mudança de atitude em relação ao meio. Este artigo trata da experiência vivida em um Programa de Educação Ambiental não-formal, realizado pela turma de mestrandos em Engenharia Ambiental da Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), no ano de 2006, na comunidade do Wehmuth, município de Blumenau, SC. A interpretação dos resultados demonstra que a educação ambiental surge como resposta à problemática ambiental, especialmente aquela vinculada aos riscos de deslizamentos. Palavras-chave: educação ambiental, qualidade de vida, deslizamento.

Post-education Welsh language decline among English-medium educated young adults has been a growing concern in Wales, yet it remains understudied (Jones, 2012; Hodges, 2024). While previous research has explored language attitudes and use patterns among Welsh/English bilinguals (Coupland et al., 2005; Price, 2010), there is a lack of research on the dynamics of language decline after formal education, particularly for those educated in English-medium schools. This study addresses this gap by examining the interplay between language dominance, automatic attitudes, and conscious language experiences. This study's research question is: What are the dynamics of post-education Welsh language decline among English-medium educated young adults? A mixed-methods approach was employed, comprising three main components: 1. The Bilingual Language Profile (BLP) to assess language dominance 2. The Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure automatic attitudes towards Welsh/English and Wales/England 3. Stimulated Recall Interviews (SRI) to explore conscious reflections on language attitudes and experiences Data were collected from 36 participants (19 males, 17 females; age range 18-29) who self-reported as having acquired some level of Welsh in English-medium schools in Wales. Participants were divided into two groups: those who stopped Welsh learning at or before age 18 (Group A, N=26) and those who continued beyond 18 (Group B, N=10).

The terms of self-awareness and self-consciousness, which have been mentioned under various different names for centuries, they are also studied experimentally in social psychology. Within the concept of this study, the information about descriptions, raised theories, suggested concepts, significant studies and adjusted scales on these terms are reviewed from the perspective of social psychology. Although there are various different descriptions of these terms under various disciplines and a wide range of relevant literature, this study is approached only from the perspective of social psychology and limited with the most efficient studies included in the published social psychology literature. The review shall be an enlightening source for the researchers studying on social psychology and the self-concept and is concluded with suggestions on further research interests.

The sleeper effect occurs when the persuasiveness of a message increases with the passage of time. Aithough the existence of the sleeper effect has been demonstrated in several recent investigations, the conditions necessary for its observation have not been specified. In the present research, a cun-ent view of memory operation is offered to predict the occurrence of the sleeper effect. This view is examined in two experiments. The findings are interpreted as being congenial with the memory explanation. The status of sleeper effect research is assessed in light of these findings.

With the development of new technologies, and particularly communication technology, societies have evolved to encompass new forms of interaction and collaboration. It is an illusion to think that relationships between human beings and their institutions will not change in essence in the future. We assume that the very nature of e-communication and of groupware such as Group Support S ystem can support innovation and creativity in a context of cultural and professional diversity. , 1999 and 2000 a n educational project (HKNet) between the City University of Hong Kong (China) and the Eindhoven University of Technology (The Netherla nds) has shown that remote collaboration can lead to successful and innovative problem solving in multicultural groups. This study focused on 178 participants, all of whom were involved in academic courses on software engineering, informatics and management using e -mail, videoconferencing, Internet phone connections and GroupSystems™ for both synchronous and asynchronous interactions. The task was to participate in a joint project on a chosen IT-related subject resulting in a joint report. We assumed that i f the HKNet project is a source of learning and knowledge to our participants, we should be able to measure what they learned culturally and professionally. Results revealed that the HKNet project created a win-win situation for both universities. Throughout the three-year project, GroupSystems ™ supported efficient group problem solving, development of new-shared meaning and cultural attitude changes. The groups wrote creative reports that reflected their having worked successfully together. The observed factors that determined the performance of the teams in the HKNet project were: Technology Infrastructure, Interaction, Professional background and Cultural background. Following this overview on the HKNET project set-up and the lesson learned Rutkowski et al., forthcoming) the paper conclude with the description of next year experimental set-up. Special emphasis will be given to innovation and creativity in problem solving of technical nature.

This seminar is co-organised with the Faculty of Education Research Office In this seminar, the speakers share with participants their experiences of implementing different online pedagogical practices using the ILN, the online learning support platform that CITE has developed. The speakers will draw on a collaborative action research project, the Innovative Pedagogical Practices Online (IPPO) project, funded by HKU SPACE Research Grant and launched early in 2003 within the Division of IT&S. Objectives of the study included investigating the learning styles of part-time students in the BEd ITE and LIS programs to enhance motivation and performance. Innovative practices were developed and trialed using the ILN platform to investigate how self-directed BEd students are in their learning. The ILN is a purpose built Content and Learner Management System allowing online delivery and access to materials. It is also a community-building environment where teachers/students work as teams and...

This study examines ideas of pre-service teachers on goals of biology practical in three purposely selected Colleges of Education. To this end, A researcher designed questionnaire which was adapted titled 'views of preservice teachers on biology practical' to elicit information, and findings of a survey administered to 405 preservice teachers revealed divergent views with gender stereotypes on laboratory manual, e-learning and biology practical and with chi-square statistical tool used to analyze the research questions and results presented.

PurposeKatipuneros RPG: Bisperas ng Himagsikan (Katipuneros RPG: The Eve of the Revolution) is an immersive and gamified theater that engages its “audiences” in the initiation rites of a secret revolutionary movement in the Philippines in 1896. This descriptive qualitative research evaluates such experiential approach to learning history by investigating the experiences and insights of a group of students from the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB), who participated in Katipuneros RPG.Design/methodology/approachTextual data obtained from the participants&#39; reflection papers and focus group discussion transcripts were analyzed using open and axial coding.FindingsThree key themes summarized the participants&#39; learning experiences as they went through the play, as follows: (1) Katipuneros RPG as an immersive, interactive and intrinsically motivating medium for learning history; (2) the knowledge, values and skills that served as facilitating factors for their learning...

Indigo dye is an historically important natural pigment that is traditionally obtained from plants of the Indigofera genus. In this study, indigo dye was extracted from Indigofera arrecta leaves via enzymatic hydrolysis and followed by alkaline treatment to release indigotin which is the principal chromophore. The extraction yielded approximately 0.236 wt % crude indigo based on fresh leaf mass as determined from a single extraction experiment. The dye was purified and characterized using UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy to confirm the presence and structural integrity of indigotin. The dye exhibited a maximum absorption wavelength at 617 nm and was applied on cotton fabric through a conventional vat dyeing technique. Its dyeing performance was assessed based on dye uptake and colour fastness properties, including resistance to washing, rubbing, and light exposure. The wash fastness showed ratings between 4 and 5 for both colour change and staining of undyed adjacent fabric. Rubbing fastness results indicated ratings of 3-4 under wet conditions and 4 under dry conditions, while light fastness showed a rating of 6 on the blue wool scale. These results demonstrate that Indigofera arrecta is a viable alternative source of natural indigo, with promising dyeing performance and potential for sustainable textile applications.

A two year survey conducted during 2003 – 2005 on Theraphosid spiders in Sri Lanka yielded in recording four different species of the genus Poecilotheria from differnt parts of the country. The most preferred microhabitats of all the species of Poecilotheria are tree holes which provide ideal habitats for their mode of life. The low number of individuals being recorded for all the species suggests that their populations might be relatively small. They are also faced with the problem of habitat destruction and fragmentation.

This study investigates the relationship between Principal Change Leadership Competencies, Teacher Change Beliefs and Teacher Attitudes toward Change. A total of 936 teachers from 47 High Performing Secondary Schools in Malaysia completed the survey. Structural equation modelling was applied to test the models. Firstly, the results showed that Principal Change Leadership Competencies was significantly related to Teacher Change Beliefs and implied that if school principals equipped themselves with sufficient Principal Change Leadership Competencies, Teacher Change Beliefs can certainly be enhanced. Secondly, Teacher Change Beliefs was significantly related to Teacher Attitudes toward Change whereby the stronger the Teacher Change Beliefs, the greater the enhancement of Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Thirdly, Teacher Change Beliefs was indeed a total mediator in the relationship of Principal Change Leadership Competencies and Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Put simply, via Teacher Change Beliefs, the impact of Principal Change Leadership Competencies on Teacher Attitudes toward Change was relatively strong as Teacher Change Beliefs greatly facilitated the influence of Principal Change Leadership Competencies on Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Thus, in-depth enhancing Teacher Change Beliefs is one of the effective ways to increase the likelihood of teachers to embrace change. Fourthly, Principal Change Leadership Competencies was more influential than teachers' self-influence in enhancing Teacher Attitudes toward Change. Therefore, concerted effort must be given to prioritize the continuous development of principal change leadership in effective change management. The study encourages a fresh look at change leadership development and ultimately alters the traditional approach of school principals in managing change.

While multiple-country repeated cross-sectional datasets are increasingly available, few cross-national studies fully exploit the richness of such data. This paper contributes to the practical knowledge on statistical analysis of cross-national time series data. For that purpose, we present a novel application of a societal growth curve model analyzing the pressing question whether the economic crisis of the past years has stirred up immigration-related threat perceptions among European citizens. Concretely, we analyze six rounds of European Social Survey data (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012) to investigate whether indicators of economic downturn are systematically related to increased levels of economic and cultural threat. The societal growth curve modeling approach makes it possible to set longitudinal effects apart from cross-sectional differences and thus overcomes the weaknesses of analyses relying on single-shot cross-sectional data. Our results provide evidence that growing unemployment as well as decreasing rates of economic growth instigate feelings of economic threat. Rather than affecting citizens' opinion uniformly, the economic crisis is found to have the strongest impact on economic threat among low educated people. While this study provides evidence that economic shocks affect concerns that immigration is bad for the economy, feelings of cultural threat are not affected by economic crises.

Relying on relevance theory, this chapter looks into expressive resources and how they convey expressive meaning. It first addresses the relevance-theoretic view of human communication, according to which communication is a process wherein distinct types of evidence for intended meaning are provided. Such evidence guides their observers to it in various ways, which demand more or less mental work. Next, the chapter presents the categories of resources supplying evidence for expressive meaning. This presentation will be constrained to the resources that are recurrently employed in face-to-face interaction, hence a limitation of this work. This will lead to the discussion of their relevance-theoretic analysis, which seeks to elucidate whether they offer the same sort of evidence and communicate in the same fashion, and the consequences of their processing. The chapter is closed with some concluding remarks.

Knowledge of public attitudes towards language-based diversity can help uncover wider societal prejudices. Nonetheless, sociolinguists are increasingly aware of the limitations of using traditional explicit self-report measures to gauge attitudes towards linguistic variation. Accordingly, a growing number of studies have adapted more recently developed socio-psychological techniques-most particularly the implicit association test (IAT)-to access more deeply embedded, and durable, implicit evaluations of linguistic stimuli. This article provides a critical review of the methodological approaches undertaken and findings of existing prior explicit and implicit language attitude research, and examines the nature of the relationship between the two levels of linguistic evaluation. The methodological and theoretical merits of employing both implicit and explicit attitudinal measures in future language attitude research is discussed, in particular regarding more fine-grained assessment of language attitude change in progress and to better understand the relationship between any changes underway in linguistic attitudes and patterns of language use and language change within the speech community under investigation.

The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between science self-efficacy, gender, and academic achievement in genetics among form four (12th grade) students in Kenya and to investiPSTe gender differences in science self-efficacy and academic achievement in genetics. A total of 2,139 students responded to a science self-efficacy questionnaire, adopted from SEMLI-S by Gregory Thomas, David Anderson, and Samson Nashon (2007).  A  (PST) was then administered to test the academic achievement of students. Data were analysed both descriptively (means and standard deviations) and inferentially (MANOVA and Pearson&#39;s Correlations). Results of the analyses revealed that students&#39; science self-efficacy is highly correlated to academic achievement. One-way MANOVA results indicated gender differences in both self efficacy and academic achievement, with female students performing better than male students in both outcome variables. These findings are inconsistent with the exten...

This study investigated whether implicit and self-reported food and exercise attitudes changed during a residential six month treatment period in youngsters with obesity (n = 19). Moreover, it was examined whether this attitudinal change explained their decrease in overweight during the program and at a one year follow up. Two Extrinsic Affective Simon Tasks (EAST) were conducted to investigate implicit attitudes towards exercise and food, respectively. Self-reported attitudes were assessed using a questionnaire. The results revealed that the obese youngsters lost weight during the treatment, that was not regained at follow up. Mean self-reported and implicit attitudes did not change markedly. Moreover, changes in self-reported attitudes were not predictive for decrease in overweight during and after the treatment. In contrast, some small effects were found for the change in implicit attitudes towards food and exercise. Several possible explanations are discussed.

This study investigated whether implicit and self-reported food and exercise attitudes changed during a residential six month treatment period in youngsters with obesity (n = 19). Moreover, it was examined whether this attitudinal change explained their decrease in overweight during the program and at a one year follow up. Two Extrinsic Affective Simon Tasks (EAST) were conducted to investigate implicit attitudes towards exercise and food, respectively. Self-reported attitudes were assessed using a questionnaire. The results revealed that the obese youngsters lost weight during the treatment, that was not regained at follow up. Mean self-reported and implicit attitudes did not change markedly. Moreover, changes in self-reported attitudes were not predictive for decrease in overweight during and after the treatment. In contrast, some small effects were found for the change in implicit attitudes towards food and exercise. Several possible explanations are discussed.