Ecotourism management

Purpose: This study presents an attempt to create guidelines for user-friendly method for monitoring ecotourism trends in connection with a project of USAID, aimed at the development of ecological tourism in Bulgaria. Motivation: Our motivation for writing this article is our desire to pay attention ecological tourism in Bulgaria. We want to put a discussion on the introduction of more adequate methods of measuring environmental impacts and economic growth at regional level (especially when it comes to small and less developed regions). Created by international organizations methodology is too complicated and makes it impractical and unusable in small and inadequate administrative capacity regions. We want to draw attention to the need to discuss more flexible and differentiated policy of the state of eco-tourism and opportunities for application of certain accounting options that would benefit its development in Bulgaria. It would be beneficial for the correct measurement of the environmental effects of economic growth in relation to eco-tourism and would allow for more adequate and efficient management of ecological tourism activities. Designs/methodology/approach: The methods of analysis used include accounting analysis, statistics, and institutional methods. The study examines a real example of ecotourism projects. The basic data on which the present survey built consist of official documents and statistics that are publicly accessible. Findings: For the less developed regions, the monitoring and reporting systems of the economic and environmental benefits of ecotourism should be simplified, but consistent with the general principles of accountability and monitoring. Along with this, they should reflect the contributions of the most important organizational forms in creating economic growth and conservation. Research limitations/implications: Not all necessary survey data are publicly available or collected. This situation required the use of scientific methods of analysis to eliminate the lack of data.

One of the industries with the fastest growth rate is the hospitality and tourism sector. However, in the less developed economies, the hospitality industry has low awareness in the importance of adver sing their products and services. Hence, this study was carried out to inves gate the visitors' awareness and percep on of adver sing the products and services of hotels in the hospitality industry in Akure south, Owo and Ikare Local Government Areas in Ondo State, Nigeria using 600 copies of well-structured ques onnaire. Data obtained reveals that 54.7%of the visitors in the hotels were male, 46.7% of them were within the age bracket of 26-33years, all the respondents were Nigerians and 60.8% had ter ary educa on. 94% of the visitors were aware of marke ng in the hotels and majority were aware of promo on, word of mouth publicity, TV/radio publicity, Online/Social media publicity, billboard and handbills. The statements were measured according to their means. The mean score ranged from 4.54 to 4.01, "marke ng allows customers to be aware of new services offered" had the highest mean (4.54) while "marke ng costs the hotel a lot of money and me" had the lowest mean (4.01). There is a significant rela onship between visitors' awareness of marke ng and their percep on about marke ng (p = 0.00) and there is a significant rela onship between the age, place of residence, educa on and visitors awareness (p > 0.05).

Proximate analysis of twelve species of fruits commonly consumed by long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), i.e. Arenga pinnata, Areca catechu, Terminalia catappa, Elaies guineensis, Lagerstroemia tomentosa, Mangifera indica, Cascabela thevetia, Muntingia calabura, Musa spp., Artocarpus heterophyllus, Ficus tinctonia ssp. gibbosa and Ficus microcarpa was conducted with the specific objective to determine the nutritional composition of the foodstuff of long-tailed macaques. The results showed the following order of nutrients: fibre, protein, fat and ash. Based on the results of the chemical analysis, the highest percentage of fibre content (52.7%), protein (9.9%), fat (77.2%) and ash (8.5%) were found in A. catechu, T. catappa, E. guineensis and C. thevetia respectively. The nutrient composition from these twelve fruit species were found to be different from each other (ANOVA test: crude protein, F (11,24) = 87.978, p < 0.05, crude fibre, F (11,24) = 28.886, p < 0.05, crude fat, F (11,24) = 2081.396, p < 0.05 and ash, F (11,24) = 41.011, p < 0.05). Fibre was found in the highest amount among the four types of nutrients that were studied. Here, A. catechu had the highest relative fibre content of all tested fruits, E. guineenis the highest fat content, T. catappa the highest protein content, while the total mineral content was highest in C. thevetia.

A study was carried out to find out the time budgeting and activity profiles of the forest group of Assamese macaque. For this a free ranging forest group of Assamese macaque was selected from the Jokai reserved forest (RF) of Assam, India. A total of 4800 scan samples were recorded covering all four distinct seasons. The study group spent more than one third (40%) of their total annual time for foraging purpose, followed by 25% on locomotion, 13% on resting, 10% on grooming, 9% on monitoring, 1% on play and 2% on sexual and other activities. A distinct seasonal variation in activities has been recorded. The activity profiles of the forest group have revealed that foraging is the most crucial factor responsible for the variation in the activity profiles. In forest, as the food was randomly distributed, the group cost-effectively arranged their total time and spent more time on foraging, locomotion and resting and less time in grooming, monitoring and play activities. These findings clearly demonstrated that nature of distribution of food resource is the guiding force for allocating time to various activities in different habitats.

The study examined the determinants of fish farmers' household vulnerability to climatic hazards in Southwest Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique were used to select the respondents for this study. In the first stage, Ondo, and Ogun States were purposively selected in the tropical rainforest zone of the Southwest Nigeria. These States have coastlands in addition they are prominent for fishing activities and climatic hazards as well as water logged area is a common occurrence. In the second stage, stratified random sampling of two (2) Local Government Areas (LGAs) namely Ilaje LGA and Ese-Odo LGA in Ondo State while Odogbolu LGA and Ijebu Water Side LGA were selected in Ogun State. The Selection of the LGA's was based on was based on the fact that these LGAs were the prominent ones where intensive fishing activities take place. In the third stage, four (4) fishing communities were randomly selected from each LGA while in the final stage, sixteen (16) respondents were randomly selected in each of the community. The respondents were expected to be 256 but only 220 questionnaires were returned. Therefore, a sample selection of 220 respondents were sampled for this study. Data c o l l e c t e d f r o m 2 2 0 r e s pondents were analyzed using frequency table, descriptive statistics, charts, and Ordered logistic regression model. The average age of the respondents was 49 years, 56.36% of the respondents observed flood as the major climatic hazards in the study area, followed by erosion (19.55%) and change in rainfall pattern (12.27%) respectively. The most of the important adaptation strategies adopted is building embankments to prevent flooded water, planting of shaded crop to prevent erosion, improved fish managements, procurement of weather/water monitoring kits, insurance policies and diversification measures were adopted in the study area to cushion the effects of being vulnerable to various climatic hazards in the study area. The Ordered Logistic Regression result showed that flood, erosion and heavy rainfall were the major production risks perceived by the fish farmers in the study area. It is concluded that fish farmers in the study area were vulnerable to various climatic hazards notable among them is flood, erosion and changes in the rainfall pattern. Therefore, policy and local development practitioners should give priority to highly vulnerable households by encouraging them to practice climate smart agriculture and improved fish farming management as well as insure their business to ameliorate the effect of climate risks on their business.

This study describes the impact of the development of pedestrians on the beach of Air Manis, Padang City on the increase in the number of visits to the Batu Malin Kundang beach tourism object. The author uses a theoretical concept based on Mill&#39;s opinion in the basis of tourism theory about the impact of developing tourist attractions. Descriptive analysis is the research method used and purposive sampling technique is used in determining research informants. By collecting data using interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The results of this study explain that with the development of a pedestrian on the air manis beach, the city of padang, increased tourist visits at Batu Malin Kundang beach tourism object because this pedestrian creates a new attraction for the air manis beach tourism area so it can also improve the economy of the people of Air Manis village. Even so, this development also produces environmental impacts such as poor cleanliness and the creation o...

Abstrak Indonesia khususnya Sumatera Barat merupakan provinsi yang terletak di Pesisir Barat bagian tengah pulau Sumatera yang terdiri dari daratan rendah di pantai Barat dan daratan tinggi vulkanik yang dibentuk oleh bukit Barisan. Sumatera Barat memiliki daratan seluas 42.296,30 km2 yang setara dengan 2,17% luas Indonesia. Sumatera Barat kaya akan sumber keanekaragaman hayati dan keindahan alamnya mulai dari alam bebas, satwa liar, pulau, hutan hujan tropis, hingga pantainya. Salah satu pantai yang menjadi objek wisata di Sumatera Barat adalah Pantai Air Manis Padang. (Dinas Pariwisata Sumbar 2014).Pantai Air Manis Padang berlokasi di Kecamatan Padang Selatan, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat. Pantai Air Manis Padang memiliki banyak daya tarik, selain itu juga mempunyai beberapa fasiltas wisata seperti panggung hiburan, toilet umum, water sport, gazebo, cafe, kids zone, penginapan, dan lainnya. Pantai Air Manis berkaitan erat dengan legenda Batu Malin Kundang di Sumatera Barat Kata Kun...

In all aspects of human existence, sustainability is a worldwide requirement. A sustainable approach to a pleasant environment is required in all sectors of human activity, including hotel amenities and services. The goal sustainable green practices in hotels in order to raise hotel managers' and tourists' knowledge of green practices for sustainable hotel amenities and tourism growth. data for this study was collected using a structured purposive sampling. Each of the 20 hotels selected for this study received eleven (11) questionnaires, one for hotel managers and ten for guests, totaling 220 questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests we data. twenty the highest mean between (1.80) and (2.90).This indicates tha green practices in the hotel is limited to energy the bathroom and toilet, reusable plastics, towels, cutlery, and bedding (2.70), eco friendly retail (e purchase of local or indigenous food in the hotel kitchen (2.30). revealed a significant connection (P = 0.000) between preference for green practices and hotel awareness of green practices. However, there is a s respondents' preference for green activities and their age (P = 0.000), marital status (P = 0.000), and degree of education (P = 0.000).To maintain a sustainable environment and protection of our natural resources, the research advi sustainable green practices be incorporated into our society as our mother tongue, expanded into hotel facilities, and utilized as a standard for hotel licensing.

Macaca sinica is the smallest of all 22 extant macaque species in the world. There are three geographically isolated endemic sub-species of M. sinica: M. s. sinica, M. s. aurifrons and M. s. opisthomelas in Sri Lanka. Macaques adjust their activities to deal with changeable environments like weather changes and food availability fluctuations, proving their plasticity nature. Current study focused on assessing the temporal variation of activity budgets and effects of temperature on their activity pattern. Behavioral data were collected using scan sampling method. Overall activity budget analysis found that they allocate more time on resting (32.60 ± 4.97%), whereas less time spent for moving (26.30 ± 3.15%) and feeding (19.60 ± 2.97%). Moving was negatively correlated with monthly average temperature (r=-0.489 p= 0.029). The study found that time allocation for moving was reduced to compensate their thermoregulatory cost in terms of energy. This suggests that changes in movements of M. s. aurifrons are a useful indicator in assessing environmental changes such as temperature alterations.

This study aims to identify the success factors for sustainable tourism planning and management in Ondo State. A multi was used to select respondents. Isharun cave, Ebomi Lake and Igbo Olodumare were purposively selected to represe and Northern part of Ondo State. Well administered to the respondents. For the public and private stakeholders, a total of sixteen (16) respondents were purposively selected for the in interviews. A descriptive analysis was used to analyze the questionnaire using SPSS Data editor while qualitatively through thematic analysis this heritage site has built community pride (4.30) has the highest mean. result on the overall assessment of respondents on the reveals that the majority (91.3%) held the view that sites were successful while Public Government has the highest level of involvement in the management of the sites (44.4%). maximum success if the d are to be sustained.

In all aspects of human existence, sustainability is a worldwide requirement. A sustainable approach to a pleasant environment is required in all sectors of human activity, including hotel amenities and services. The goal sustainable green practices in hotels in order to raise hotel managers' and tourists' knowledge of green practices for sustainable hotel amenities and tourism growth. data for this study was collected using a structured purposive sampling. Each of the 20 hotels selected for this study received eleven (11) questionnaires, one for hotel managers and ten for guests, totaling 220 questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests we data. twenty the highest mean between (1.80) and (2.90).This indicates tha green practices in the hotel is limited to energy the bathroom and toilet, reusable plastics, towels, cutlery, and bedding (2.70), eco friendly retail (e purchase of local or indigenous food in the hotel kitchen (2.30). revealed a significant connection (P = 0.000) between preference for green practices and hotel awareness of green practices. However, there is a s respondents' preference for green activities and their age (P = 0.000), marital status (P = 0.000), and degree of education (P = 0.000).To maintain a sustainable environment and protection of our natural resources, the research advi sustainable green practices be incorporated into our society as our mother tongue, expanded into hotel facilities, and utilized as a standard for hotel licensing.

In all aspects of human sustainable approach to a pleasant environment is required in all sectors of human activity, including hotel amenities and services. The goal of this study was to analyze sustainable green practices i knowledge of green practices for sustainable hotel amenities and tourism growth. The data for this study was collected using a structured questionnaire administered using purposive sampling. Each of (11) questionnaires, one for hotel managers and ten for guests, totaling 220 questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used to examine the data. twenty the highest mean between (1.80) and (2.90). green practices in the hotel is the bathroom and toilet, reusable plastics, towels, cutlery, and bedding (2.70), eco friendly retail (e purchase of local or indigen revealed a significant connection (P = 0.000) between preference for green practices and hotel awareness of green practices. However, there is a substantial link between respondents' preference for g (P = 0.000), and degree of education (P = 0.000). environment and protection of our natural resources, the research advises that sustainable green practices be incorporated expanded into hotel facilities, and utilized as a standard for hotel licensing.

Tourism has established new opportunities for the female gender through generating and propagating independence and income, particularly in developing countries and rural communities. This study identifies socio-demographic characteristics, employment status and women  empowerment initiatives at Idanre Hills, Ondo State, Nigeria. The study employed the use of structured questionnaire targeted randomly at 120 women residents of Idanre community. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 21 and results were presented descriptively; through charts, percentage tables and inferentially; through chi square. Results indicated that majority of the women are within age group of 36-45 years (36.7%) and have secondary education (50.8%). Also, highest percentage of the women are not employed by the ministry of tourism (89.2%) while majority of the women employed are cleaners (46.67%). The women are majorly basic food sellers (38.3%) at the tourism destination and this forms their role in t...