Quality of Life Studies

A világ turizmusa továbbra is dinamikusan növekszik. Az azonban többnyire mennyiségi növekedést takar. Egyre több desztinációban ölt olyan méreteket a turizmus, ami már drasztikus válaszlépésekre sarkallja az életében megzavart helyi lakosságot.  Ez persze nem jelenti azt, hogy a turizmus káros jelenség lenne, csak a jelenleginél sokkal inkább kell törekednünk a negatív hatásainak csökkentésére. Figyelemmel kísérjük a turisták mozgását, érdeklődését, fogyasztását, azonban nem ritka, hogy túlzó vagy akár téves következtetéseket vonunk le azokból. A tanulmány rávilágít a pandémia után új lendületet kapó vendégforgalom fő jellemzőire, továbbá igyekszik rámutatni olyan összefüggésekre, amelyek más megvilágításba helyeznek egyes, már-már alapvetésnek tekintett jelenségeket, különösen Olaszország turizmusa tekintetében.

Background/Objectives:
Physical activity and sports participation are widely recognized as effective strategies for enhancing quality of life (QoL) in individuals with disabilities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between QoL and athletic performance among male and female athletes with physical disabilities who participate in individual sports.

Methods:
This descriptive–correlational study involved 338 Iranian athletes with physical disabilities competing at various levels of competition. QoL was measured using the SF-36 questionnaire, and sports performance was assessed based on official competition records. Data were analyzed using SPSS v21, applying descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations.

Results:
Both male and female athletes reported high levels of overall QoL. No statistically significant differences were found between genders in terms of physical health, psychological well-being, or total QoL scores (p > 0.05). Furthermore, there were no significant correlations between QoL and sports performance at the provincial, national, or international levels (p > 0.05).

Conclusions:
The findings indicate that athletes with physical disabilities report relatively high levels of QoL, irrespective of their competitive achievements or medal standings. Although no statistically significant correlations were observed, participation in individual sports may be linked to better physical functioning and psychological resilience. These associations should be interpreted with caution and do not imply causality. Nonetheless, encouraging such participation could be beneficial in supporting various dimensions of health and promoting social inclusion among individuals with disabilities.

From 2011 to 2013, SIAP with Reinvestment Fund undertook new research that featured development of multidimensional indexes of social wellbeing for the city of Philadelphia. This report presents the results of that collaboration. Chapter 1 documents construction of a neighborhood-based social wellbeing index for the city. Chapter 2 uses the social wellbeing index to analyze patterns of advantage and disadvantage in Philadelphia neighborhoods. Chapter 3 draws on SIAP's historical data to examine changes in Philadelphia's cultural ecology between 1997 and 2012. The summary highlights how the policy tool helps conceptualize and measure culture as a dimension of social wellbeing as well as a contributor to equitable communities. Disciplines Arts and Humanities | Public Policy | Social Welfare | Urban Studies and Planning Comments SIAP undertook this research in collaboration with Reinvestment Fund and in partnership with the City of Philadelphia Office of Arts, Culture and the C...

Background and aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to global health, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. This study aims to investigate the effects of moderate-severity COVID-19 on functional capacity, exercise tolerance, isometric muscle strength, hand grip strength, and quality of life. Methods: Ninety-six participants (48 with COVID-19, 48 without COVID-19) were recruited in this crosssectional study. The effects on functional capacity, exercise tolerance, isometric muscle power, handgrip, and quality of life were measured. The Mann-Whitney test was used to assess significant differences between the COVID-19 and matched groups. The Spearman correlation was used to determine the relationships among outcome measures. Results: The mean values of functional capacity, isometric muscle power, hand grip, and quality of life were significantly reduced in patients with moderate COVID-19 compared with their matched counterparts (p < 0.05), except for exercise tolerance (p > 0.05). Positive relationships were detected between exercise tolerance, hand grip strength, and knee extensors; and between distance in the 6-minute walk test and exercise tolerance, hand grip strength, and knee extensors (p <0.001). Conclusions: Moderate-severity COVID-19 patients exhibit impairments in functional capacity, exercise tolerance, isometric muscle strength, hand grip strength, and quality of life. Exercise tolerance correlated positively with the 6-minute walk test, hand grip strength, and knee extensor strength. (www.actabiomedica.it)

This research study examines the popularity of wellness tourism among the younger generation. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, including both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The participants in the study are young adults aged between 15 to 35 years who have recently traveled for wellness tourism. The study investigates the reasons for the popularity of wellness tourism among the younger generation, the destinations preferred by them, the types of wellness activities that attract them, and the challenges faced during such trips. The study also explores the impact of wellness tourism on the physical and mental well-being of young adults. The findings of the study suggest that wellness tourism is gaining popularity among the younger generation due to an increased focus on self-care, a desire for personal growth and development, and a need for stress relief. The Pie diagrams were used to test the result and even the limitation of this study as it is concentrated on the young age of people only and social media specially Structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the selected sample of 59 young boys and girls. The study has been carried out in a span of six months in the year 2022-23 This descriptive research investigates data in real life phenomenon. The methodology and the process of this research in this study has been completed through questionnaire, observation, interview and case analysis. In other words, this study provides readers more insightful information of the position in the market in order to find a way to maximize the profit, by understanding the need of young generation.

Despite the growing use of clear aligners in orthodontics, their impact on oral microbial ecology and biofilm formation remains uncertain. The aim of this scoping review is to summarize the existing evidence on the impact of clear aligners on oral microbiome composition, biofilm development, and plaque accumulation during orthodontic treatment. Original research studies, including both in vitro and clinical investigations, published between 2015 and 2026 were eligible. PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar were searched using predefined keywords. The review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework. Data was extracted and descriptively synthesized to summarize study characteristics, outcomes, and key findings. Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Clear aligners were generally associated with improved gingival indices and reduced bleeding compared with fixed appliances. However, findings regarding plaque accumulation and microbial composition were inconsistent. Some studies reported lower plaque scores among aligner users, whereas others found no significant differences or higher plaque levels, particularly in cases of inadequate oral hygiene or prolonged wear. Microbiome analyses demonstrated shifts in microbial communities in both aligner and fixed appliance groups, with aligners not consistently preventing dysbiosis. In vitro studies showed that aligner materials can support biofilm formation, influenced by material properties and cleaning protocols. Current evidence suggests that clear aligners do not consistently prevent plaque accumulation or microbial dysbiosis; therefore, their presumed hygienic superiority should not be assumed. This review highlights the need for improved patient compliance and hygiene education to reduce microbial imbalance and plaque accumulation in clear aligners users.

El éxito arrollador de este METODO DE INGLES ha dado lugar a que editores desaprensivos hayan realizado ediciones clandestinas o "piratas" con tal omisión de las normas de la más elemental honradez y fotograbando ediciones antiguas. Sin perjuicio de la acción legal que haya de ejercerse, el autor y editores de esta obra suplican la colaboración de profesores, alumnos y clientes a fin de que rechacen los ejemplares plagiados y no se hagan cómplices involuntarios de este robo. Todos los libros de esta sexta edición, única legal actualmente, llevan estampada al pie de esta nota la firma del autor con sello de caucho y están provistos de todos los requisitos como editados exclusivamente en Madrid (España).

This essay looks at what QoL means, how it is used in mental health research and practice, and its main strengths and limitations. It argues that QoL provides a person-centred way to understand mental health burden, but conceptual and measurement challenges mean it is most useful when combined with other approaches.

A cases and control study  was carried out in patients with migraine, diagnosed by means of a cross-sectional study  in Bayamo municipality, Granma province, between January, 2007 to December, 2009, with the objective of creating and validating a predictive index for the risk of developing moderate to severe disability due to migraine. The creation of the index included the selection of risk factors and the calculation of its values.  A quantitative index was obtained which was subdivided in 4 categories of risk, while the validity was satisfactory in all the evaluated aspects. This index demonstrated to have good discriminative capacity (area under the curve ROC 0.937) and it allowed to diagnose correctly 89.74 % of the patients, with sensibility of 86.74 % and specificity of 91.12 %. The Kappa index between observers was 0.950 (p=0.000), the global index was 0.965 (p=0.000) and the coefficient Alpha of Cronbach, 0.627.

This paper presents a bibliometric and thematic analysis of global research on urban waterfront redevelopment and its relationship with quality of life (QoL) published between 2000 and 2025. Using publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science, the study employs VOSviewer to examine publication trends, intellectual structures, thematic clusters, and patterns of international collaboration. The results reveal a clear conceptual shift from real estate-driven redevelopment toward broader socio-ecological priorities, including sustainability, climate resilience, blue-green infrastructure, and public health. Rather than empirically validating impacts, the literature increasingly frames waterfronts as strategic spaces for enhancing urban livability. Four dominant thematic clusters are identified: (1) sustainable planning and climate adaptation; (2) ecosystem services and environmental restoration; (3) quality of life and livability; and (4) governance, participation, and place attachment. Despite the growing body of research, significant gaps remain, particularly in fast-growing coastal cities, where empirical evidence is limited. Regional disparities are also evident: China, the United States, and European countries dominate academic production, while cities in the Gulf and Middle East remain underrepresented despite substantial waterfront investments. The findings highlight the need for broader multilingual data sources, increased use of empirical and mixed-methods research, and stronger regional and international collaboration to advance both theoretical and practical knowledge. Overall, the analysis positions waterfront redevelopment as a key component of contemporary urban livability discourse, while cautioning against assumptions of empirically confirmed effects on QoL.

Хроничното бъбречно заболяване (ХБЗ) и захарният диабет (ЗД) са сред най-разпространените незаразни заболявания в световен мащаб и формират нарастваща глобална здравна заплаха. Диабетът е водещият рисков фактор за възникване и прогресия на ХБЗ, като до 40% от пациентите с диабет тип 2 развиват диабетна бъбречна болест. Нарастващата честота на ЗД -включително отчетеният ръст след пандемията от COVID-19, подчертава необходимостта от ранна превенция, скрининг и интегриран подход в грижата. Съвременните епидемиологични данни показват трайна тенденция към повишаване на разпространението на ХБЗ, като прогнозите сочат, че до 2040 г. то ще бъде сред водещите причини за смъртност. Диабетната бъбречна болест възниква в резултат на метаболитни, съдови и възпалителни механизми. Редица модифицируеми и немодифицируеми рискови фактори допринасят за прогресията на бъбречното увреждане, което прави ранното им идентифициране ключово за ефективна профилактика. Терапевтичните стратегии се фокусират върху стриктен гликемичен контрол, управление на артериалното налягане, рутинен скрининг за албуминурия и eGFR, както и върху прилагането на медикаменти с доказан ренопротективен ефект -ACE инхибитори/ARB, SGLT2 инхибитори и GLP-1 агонисти. Индивидуализираният хранителен режим и физическата активност допълват цялостната грижа. Фармацевтите имат ключова роля в терапевтичния мониторинг, рационализирането на лечението, обучението за самоконтрол и повишаването на терапевтичната придържаност. В редица държави те участват в скрининг чрез POCT-тестове в аптечна среда, което подпомага ранното откриване на бъбречни увреждания и своевременното насочване към специалист. Настоящият обзор подчертава значението на мултидисциплинарния, превантивен и проактивен модел на грижи за забавяне на прогресията на ХБЗ и подобряване качеството на живот на пациентите.

Background: Patients with oral and/or laryngeal carcinoma face challenges that can persistently impair their quality of life (QoL) even after treatment. This study aimed to investigate QoL impairment in patients with oral and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma receiving treatment.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 individuals with oral and laryngeal cancer through census sampling in 2022. Patients over 18 years old who had received treatment were included. Individuals experiencing recurrences or relapses and those receiving neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. The list of names and phone numbers of participants was obtained from the database of the Liver and Digestive Research Centre in Golestan Province, Iran. The study utilized the Persian version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire–Head and Neck 35, which the participants completed during phone interviews. Point prevalence (per 100,000) was reported with 95% confidence intervals, and QoL data were summarized as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and median (interquartile range, IQR).
Results: The point prevalence of oral and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in Golestan Province was 15.15 per 100,000, with significant variation across counties, ranging from 5.80 to 26.01. The mean QoL score for the participants was 68.20 ± 29.58. Overall, 38.9% of the participants reported normal QoL, while 22.2% and 38.9% reported mild and moderate impairment, respectively. Subdomains related to weight loss and feeling ill showed a severe decline in QoL. Meanwhile, issues such as dry mouth, sticky saliva, social contacts, swallowing, pain, taste/smell, social eating, teeth problems, and speech were associated with moderate QoL impairment.
Conclusion: The findings show that the QoL among individuals with a history of oral and laryngeal cancer was below the threshold. Most participants experienced mild to moderate QoL impairments. These results highlight the need for targeted interventions focused on improving QoL for affected individuals based on their symptoms and signs.

The issue of valuation is important and ever-present subject of psychological research. Past studies showed that a stable system of internal standards narrows the circle of applicable strategies of coping to those that are consistent with the values preferred by the person. However, the coping is one of the most important aspects of life in prison. The present study concerns of the relationship between the severity of the crisis in valuation and the preference of coping strategies among imprisoned persons. The study group consisted of 124 Polish male prisoners. The results showed a complex relationships between the crisis in valuation, measured using Oles’s Value Crisis Questionnaire, and strategies of coping studied using COPE, developed by Carver, Scheier and Weintraub, and Strategic Approach to Coping Scale by Hobfoll.

When exploring macroscopic phenomena such as life trajectories, a sense of responsibility, and regret, contemporary life sciences and psychology have long been confined to subjective Phenomenalism and high-entropy sociological narratives. This has prevented the underlying mechanical mechanisms of life's evolution from achieving precise quantitative analysis. Grounded in the extreme topological dynamical framework of the Grand Unified Theory of Cosmic Mind (GUTCM), this research thoroughly abandons mind-body dualism, strictly reducing and reconstructing the macroscopic process of human life into objective "Topological Phase Transitions."
At the ontological level, this paper establishes that the materialization of all things originates from the "Extreme Repulsive Force" erupting from geometric incompatibility between underlying absolute vacuums (0-domain). Depending on whether the system can form an "Information Deadlock (A≡¬A)" under the drag of the arrow of time, the geodesic evolution of this initial force within 3D phase space is strictly divided into two distinct geometric phase states: the first is the "Virtual Particle State (Purely Open System)," which lacks intrinsic topological rigidity and exhibits spiral divergence subject to macroscopic inertia; the second is the "Real Particle State (Purely Closed System)," which successfully achieves a logical closed-loop, possesses an independent event horizon, and exhibits circular expansion.
Based on this distinction of physical phase states, this research further proposes the "Sphere of Life Theory." It demonstrates that the geometric circles of an observer entity across multiple orthogonal coordinate axes (such as social relations and resource acquisition), through polymorphic superposition in phase space, are ultimately cast into the life sphere manifold of that entity. Under this model, the "sense of responsibility" defined in secular ethics is precisely demystified and quantified as follows: a real particle closed-loop possessing absolute rigidity, upon encountering external high-entropy "Information Mass (M info​ )," forcibly assimilates and transforms it into the physical manifestation of its own gravity well structure through substantial thermodynamic work (ΔW) and entropy-reduction operations (ΔS<0). Conversely, virtual particles, due to fragile geometric boundaries, are unable to bear an equivalent amount of information mass and will inevitably suffer forced topological collapse and systemic disintegration.
Finally, this paper proposes the first purely physical definition for "Regret" in subjective human experience: an "Unclosed Topological Spiral." The research proves that whether it is the coordinate shift and geodesic divergence caused by a virtual particle's lack of active weak force decay (refusal of geometric acceptance), or the local symmetry breaking triggered by a Many-Body Collision with external entities during the manifold expansion of a real particle, both dynamically lead to the failure of geometric closure. These uncompleted head-to-tail topological gaps inevitably result in the endless leakage of internal information waste heat. This research completely reconstructs the evolutionary process of living systems into a grand physical engineering endeavor that pursues absolute geometric closed-loops under extreme pressure while ruthlessly resisting thermodynamic dissipation.

Diabetes at this time is one of the most widespread socially significant diseases in the world. Diabetes is becoming a global pandemic. According to a report from the International Diabetes Federation, the number of people living with diabetes mellitus in the world has reached a record 382 million in 2014, with nearly half of them unaware of this. According to WHO data, every 10 seconds two get ill and one person is dying from diabetes mellitus. Disease deaths are 5.1 million per year or one every 6 seconds. This is mainly due to the complications of the disease -acute coronary events, renal failure, blindness, seriousness and the percentage of amputations outside traumatic causes -50% of non-traumatic amputations are in people with diabetes mellitus. The incidence is that every 30 seconds in the world a diabetic patient loses his leg. Most people suffer from type 2 diabetes (90% of cases) associated with obesity and inadequate physical activity. The purpose of this article is to share our experience in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and its complications by exploring to what extent people with type 2 diabetes are aware of the impact of physical exercise, sports, and physical activity on their disease. We developed a special poll that was completed by over 111 patients with type 2 diabetes. The survey showed very little awareness of the effect of hypodynamics on the disease and its complications. This has led us to develop a special kinesitherapeutic set of exercises and with the help of the non-governmental organization (NGO) Non-Profit Regional Non-Profit (RNC) "Diabetic Care" Municipality of Burgas, to train those who want to improve their physical activity by proving that nonpharmacological interventions -weight reduction and regular physical activity have proven their effectiveness in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes or improving the quality of life of people with this disease.

Diabetes at this time is one of the most widespread socially significant diseases in the world. Diabetes is becoming a global pandemic. According to a report from the International Diabetes Federation, the number of people living with diabetes mellitus in the world has reached a record 382 million in 2014, with nearly half of them unaware of this. According to WHO data, every 10 seconds two get ill and one person is dying from diabetes mellitus. Disease deaths are 5.1 million per year or one every 6 seconds. This is mainly due to the complications of the disease - acute coronary events, renal failure, blindness, seriousness and the percentage of amputations outside traumatic causes - 50% of non-traumatic amputations are in people with diabetes mellitus. The incidence is that every 30 seconds in the world a diabetic patient loses his leg. Most people suffer from type 2 diabetes (90% of cases) associated with obesity and inadequate physical activity. The purpose of this article is to ...

El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en revisar el concepto de calidad de vida en la infancia, así como los criterios básicos que se requieren para la adaptación, construcción y aplicación de instrumentos, para su evaluación y medición. Para ello se recopiló información reportada en diferentes bases de datos y posteriormente se examinó por medio de la elaboración de resúmenes analíticos especializados (RAES) y tablas de análisis. Los resultados y análisis de documentos muestran que, aunque diversos autores exponen que no existe un consenso en la definición de la calidad de vida para la infancia y que no es posible diferenciar entre ésta y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, pueden identificarse elementos que posibilitan la conceptualización y la distinción entre estos términos.Palabras clave: infancia, salud, calidad de vida, calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, instrumento de calidad de vida

Dream recall frequency (DRF) shows large interindividual variability, with some individuals recalling dreams almost every morning and others rarely reporting any dream content. This article reviews psychological and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying frequent dream recall. Evidence from polysomnographic, electroencephalographic, and neuroimaging studies indicates that brief awakenings during or immediately after REM sleep play a central role in the encoding of dream content into long-term memory. Increased frontal theta activity during REM sleep and reduced alpha activity at awakening are consistently associated with successful dream recall, suggesting similarities between dream memory formation and waking memory processes. Furthermore, structural differences in the medial prefrontal cortex have been linked to stable individual differences in DRF. Psychological factors, including personality traits such as openness to experience, emotional sensitivity, and motivation to attend to dreams, further modulate recall frequency. Overall, dream recall appears to result from an interaction between sleep-related arousal mechanisms, memory encoding processes, and stable cognitive-personality traits. Understanding these mechanisms contributes to a broader comprehension of consciousness, memory, and the continuity between waking and dreaming cognition. La frequenza di ricordo dei sogni (Dream Recall Frequency, DRF) mostra un'ampia variabilità interindividuale: alcune persone ricordano i sogni quasi ogni mattina, mentre altre riportano raramente contenuti onirici. Il presente articolo esamina i principali meccanismi psicologici e neurofisiologici alla base dell'elevata frequenza di ricordo dei sogni. Le evidenze provenienti da studi di polisonnografia, elettroencefalografia e neuroimaging indicano che brevi risvegli durante o immediatamente successivi al sonno REM svolgono un ruolo centrale nella codifica del contenuto onirico nella memoria a lungo termine. Un'aumentata attività theta frontale durante il sonno REM e una ridotta attività alpha al momento del risveglio risultano costantemente associate a un efficace ricordo dei sogni, suggerendo analogie tra i processi di formazione della memoria onirica e quelli della memoria nella veglia. Inoltre, differenze strutturali nella corteccia prefrontale mediale sono state collegate a differenze individuali stabili nella DRF. Fattori psicologici quali tratti di personalità (in particolare apertura all'esperienza e sensibilità emotiva) e motivazione a prestare attenzione ai sogni modulano ulteriormente la frequenza di ricordo. Nel complesso, il ricordo dei sogni emerge come il risultato dell'interazione tra meccanismi di arousal legati al sonno, processi di codifica mnemonica e tratti cognitivi e di personalità relativamente stabili. La comprensione di tali meccanismi contribuisce a una visione più ampia dei processi di coscienza, memoria e continuità tra cognizione diurna e onirica.

A szubjektív életminőséggel kapcsolatban felmerülő kérdések tisztázása napjainkra már nem csak a tudományos műhelyek közötti párbeszédben, hanem a társadalom közérzetéért felelős politikai berkekben is prioritást élvező témának számít. A kutatók, legyenek azok a filozófia, a pszichológia, a szociológia, a geográfia vagy éppen a közgazdaságtudomány képviselői, leginkább a boldogság forrását, a szubjektív jólét eléréséhez vezető utat, a politikusok pedig annak a hatalom általi befolyásolhatóságának mikéntjét kívánják feltárni, illetve feltáratni. A Nemzeti turizmusfejlesztési stratégia (2005-2013) – nemzetközi összehasonlításban is egyedülálló módon – rendkívüli fontosságot tulajdonít a magyar lakosság utazásainak életminőség-növelő szerepére. Ahhoz, hogy a dokumentumban megfogalmazottak valóban a társadalom javára válhassanak, az önkormányzati és Területfejlesztési Minisztérium Turisztikai Szakállamtitkársága a Magyar Turizmus Zrt.-vel és az MTA Földrajztudományi Kutatóintézettel egy...

Abstract. A society s and individuals quality of life has long been in the focus of social science research. The subjective aspect of one s quality of life is usually assessed through a person s perceived satisfaction with their own life. In comparison, the indicators and methodological approaches used by researchers trying to objectively measure quality of life are more varied and complex. However, both the correct identification of the factors influencing objective quality of life and the longitudinal evaluation of quality of life on the ...

Nowadays the clarifi cation of the issues concerning subjective quality of life (QoL) enjoys a priority both in the dialogue between academic workshops and in political quarters responsible for the general state of society. The researchers -let them be the representatives of philosophy, psychology, sociology, geography or economics -are keen on fi nding the paths towards the sources of happiness, the ways to achieve subjective well-being, whilst the politicians are eager to trace what could be done in this sense by the power. There has been a wealth of literature on the relationship between the achievement of overall life satisfaction and sustainability of political power, notwithstanding only minor emphasis was put on the travelling behaviour of population as a factor of QoL and, consequently, of happiness. The governments of bourgeois democracies tend to cherish the sources of happiness stemming from leisure time spending -driven not so much by the desire to extend their power in time, rather prompted by moral responsibility for the well-being of society. Writings on the ways how policies might promote leisure time spending with travelling are many, but it is hardly known how these eff orts have been able to infl uence subjective QoL. In Hungary, the National Tourism Development Strategy (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013) att ributes paramount importance to travelling of Hungarian population as one of the means to increase QoL -an eff ort unique even in international comparison. To att ain the objectives formulated in this document, and in order to yield a profi t for the society, the Tourism Unit of Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development (now Ministry of Local Government), together with the Hungarian National Tourist Offi ce and Geographical Research Institute Hungarian Academy of Sciences had requested the Hungarian Central Statistical Offi ce to perform a survey on the happiness markers related to travelling behaviour of the country's population. This survey by questionnaires conducted in 11,500 households in the year 2007 has surfaced relationships between tourism and QoL hardly acknowledged heretofore. Putt ing the results of the survey considered representative with reference to the adult (18+) population of Hungary in the context of Hungarian and international literature, the present study provides an assessment of the tables of the data referring to the diff erent variables. A special emphasis is addressed to the general linkage between travels and overall life satisfaction and to the components of happiness off ered by travelling.

DOI: 10.21276/sjbms.2018.3.4.8 Abstract: This study empirically examines the impact of economic growth and access to safe drinking water on life expectancy in Nigeria using Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model as tool of analysis for the period 1980 2014. The result of this study indicates that economic growth and access to safe drinking water exert positive and statistically significant impact on life expectancy at birth. Consequently, upon the findings of this study, a number of recommendations are given which include: the need for the governments to intensify its existing policies in order to maintain inclusive economic growth that would increase employment generation and reduce poverty for better life expectancy. Moreover, there is also need for governments, Nongovernmental organizations, international development partners and philanthropists to intervene in improving access to safe and portable drinking water in both rural and urban areas through construction of borehol...

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common, progressive and disabling condition characterised by an enormous symptom burden, reduction in functional capacity and quality of life. Despite the strides in medical management, survival and otherwise, of CHF patients, the multifaceted and often unpredictable course that many experience requires a more holistic approach to patient care beyond merely disease-modifying therapies. Although usually limited to end-of-life therapy, the role of palliative care has become acknowledged as a primary contributor for improving quality of life in patients with CHF throughout their full disease trajectory [1]. Palliative care interventions target holistic symptom control, thereby manage physical symptoms like dyspnoea, pain and fatigue as well as psychological distress in the form of anxiety and depression. Palliative care seeks to alleviate suffering and optimize patient comfort by proactively managing these symptoms. Additionally, palliative care supports frank discussions among patients and their families about treatment goals and preferences, helping to advance collaborative treatment decision-making. Early palliative care integration in CHF has been proposed to potentially improve symptom control, quality of life, and reduce hospital re-admissions according to evidence [2]. They also showed a significant increase of functional capabilities, emotional well-being and pain management in the elderly CHF patients with home-based palliative care programs [3]. Palliative care services typically also support the needs of caregiving family members, recognizing that these individuals play a critical role in the goals and delivery of palliation but have their own information, emotional support, and respite needs. Palliative care works by looking after the patient as a whole and supporting their loved ones: by ameliorating distressing symptoms, offering psychological and social help it provides invaluable support for all those affected by heart failure [4].

Il mondo degli sport elettronici, o esport, ha trasceso da tempo la definizione di semplice
passatempo per affermarsi come una disciplina sportiva a tutti gli effetti, caratterizzata da
competizione professionale, allenamenti rigorosi e preparazione strategica. Questa guida si
fonda su un paradigma fondamentale: per eccellere nell'arena digitale, i giocatori devono
adottare un approccio olistico all'allenamento, proprio come gli atleti delle discipline
tradizionali.

Introduction: Adolescents' life satisfaction is shaped by both proximal school experiences and broader societal environments. School bullying poses a substantial threat to youths' well-being while positive student-teacher relationships may serve as a critical source of protection. This study examines how school bullying, student-teacher relationships and country-level social environments jointly influence life satisfaction among 15-year-olds across 30 OECD countries. Methods: Using the PISA 2022 data (N = 216,460), this study applies two complementary approaches (linear regression models and multilevel modeling) to (1) compare the associations of social relationships and environments with adolescents' life satisfaction across the GLOBE cultural clusters and (2) investigate whether life satisfaction differs by a national indicator of societal well-being. Cross-level interactions further tested whether the national indicator of societal well-being moderates the link between school bullying and life satisfaction. Results: Being bullied at school was consistently associated with significantly lower life satisfaction across OECD contexts, with the strongest negative associations observed in Arab and Anglo clusters. Positive student-teacher relationships were linked to higher life satisfaction and buffered the detrimental effects of bullying. Multilevel analyses also showed that the negative impact of bullying was intensified in countries with weaker societal well-being. Conclusions: Findings emphasize the need for ecological and culturally responsive interventions that enhance emotional support in schools and strengthen societal well-being. Addressing bullying and fostering socio-emotional competencies are central to advancing global education and health priorities under the Sustainable Development Goals. 1 | Introduction Youths' mental health and subjective well-being are increasingly recognized as critical dimensions of both individual development and societal progress. Among the various markers of youth mental health, a large body of research noted life satisfaction as a key driver of academic motivation, resilience, emotional regulation, and future well-being (Diener et al. 2015b; OECD 2021).