Report Writing

Digital applications are increasingly being used in the classroom, and this exploratory study, which involved two sections of a business communications course, focuses on the use of digital tools to improve business writing. In one section, the professor used traditional pedagogy. In the other section, another professor used traditional pedagogy augmented with two digital business writing applications. As assessed by the university's approved rubric for writing, the students whose learning included the augmented digital tools demonstrated greater improvement in their business writing than did students who experienced traditional business writing instruction. Based on the findings, it was recommended that future research should determine the reliability of the rubric prior to its use as well as minimize professor variation by having the same professor teach both sections.

A one-day workshop on scientific writing was held at KIST Medical College, Lalitpur, Nepal on Saturday, 27 th February 2010. Topics covered were 'Writing an original research article', 'Writing an abstract', 'Why articles are rejectedviews from a reviewer', 'Tips for effective scientific writing', 'Writing a case report' and 'Journals where you can publish your work'. The various sections of an original research article are abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, conclusion, acknowledgements, references and figures and tables. Let us now examine the first section of a paper, the abstract. An abstract can be regarded as an abbreviated and accurate representation of the paper contents. Abstracts can be unstructured, in IMRaD format (Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion) or in an eight heading format. Key words help in indexing and retrieval. Common reasons why articles are rejected are that they are sent to the wrong journal, the article does not follow the word limits of the journal or is not prepared in accordance with the journal instructions, errors with presentation, grammar and language, problems with the theoretical framework, references to appropriate literature are lacking or there are serious methodological flaws. A narrative structure should link together various parts of the paper. Sentences should be short, written in active voice and address one thought at a time. Unnecessary words should be deleted and short and simple words used instead of long and complicated ones. While writing an original article most authors start with the Methods section and then write the Results. Ensure that the article conforms to the journal's guidelines for authors. Plagiarism should be avoided and previous studies read, understood and then paraphrased in the writer's own words. A case report, one of the forms of scientific writing is a carefully documented scientific observation useful for education, research, practice and self learning. The essential components of a case report are title, abstract, introduction, case presentation or description, discussion, conclusion and references.

The following article focuses on the use and misuse of models-both appropriate and inappropriate-in the report-writing practices of first year physics students, especially those from non-English speaking backgrounds. It analyzes the students' propensity to use any available text on a given topic as a source of model sentences. Examples of "copying" are provided and analyzed. It is argued that many forms of copying are legitimate learning strategies of novice writers, for the production of certain kinds of texts, but that this can become a problem when inappropriate models are used or when appropriate models are used inappropriately. Copying is discussed in relation to imitative learning and modeling as well as plagiarism, and some suggestions to improve teaching practice are made.

This study examines the Islamization of English Language and Literature (IOELL) in two private Islamic universities in Bangladesh, highlighting the cultural, institutional, and sociopolitical challenges of reimagining a historically Western, secular-oriented discipline. Drawing on in-depth interviews with faculty, students, and policymakers, as well as institutional documents, the research investigates how Islamic ethics are integrated into curricula, pedagogy, and institutional strategies. Findings reveal contrasting approaches: Islamic University-I (IU-I) implements a structured, systematic Islamization framework, linking Western literature to Islamic ethics and emphasizing moral reflection, whereas Islamic University-II (IU-II) adopts a more flexible approach, granting faculty greater autonomy but resulting in uneven depth and consistency in integration. Both universities, however, confront multiple challenges, including divergent conceptions and ambiguities of Islamization, epistemic and curricular tensions between the Western canon and Islamic values, and selective integration of Islamic content across courses. Classroom practices entail continuous pedagogical negotiation, while institutional and sociopolitical forces-regulatory constraints, limited autonomy from the University Grants Commission (UGC) and Education Ministry, politicized secularization, and policy volatility-shape implementation capacity. Further challenges include Islamically oriented faculty shortages and governance limitations. The study highlights the interaction of curriculum, pedagogy, institutional policy, and sociopolitical context in embedding Islamic epistemologies within English education in Muslim-majority settings.

The primary objective of this study was to assess the factors affecting fund management among Village Community Banks (VICOBAs), focusing on registered VICOBAs in Iringa Municipality under Iringa municipal council. Specifically, the study aimed to investigate the impact of timely loan repayment, financial record keeping, and the economic activities of groups of VICOBA on fund management. The research targeted a population of 104 accountants and treasurers from 104 registered VICOBAs in Iringa Municipality, and a sample size of 83 accountants and treasurers from 83 registered VICOBAs were selected for the study. A crosssectional research design was employed, where a quantitative approach was applied to collect data. Simple random sampling and convenience sampling were used to select accountants and treasurers from those 83 registered VICOBAs from 18 wards within Iringa Municipality. Data was analysed by using descriptive statistics and regression analysis so as to determine the relationship between fund management among VICOBAs as dependent variable to timely loan repayment, financial records keeping and economic activities of the groups of VICOBAs in Iringa municipality as independent variables. The results revealed that there was a positive relationship between all independent variables and the dependent variable, which is fund management among registered VICOBAs. Furthermore, the results revealed that lack of timely loan repayment, poor financial records keeping, and poor performance of economic activities of the groups led to poor fund management among registered VICOBAs in Iringa municipality. Based on the study findings, it is concluded that the lack of timely loan repayment, poor financial record keeping, and poor performance of economic activities of the groups significantly contribute to poor funds management within VICOBAs in Iringa Municipality. The researcher made several recommendations whereby among the recommendations was that VICOBAs should prioritise the provision of collateral security for loans to mitigate the risks associated with untimely loan repayment.

La discipline obstétricale constitue un pilier fondamental de la médecine périnatale, alliant expertise clinique, rigueur scientifique et dimension humaine profonde. Ce stage, effectué au sein du service d’obstétrique de l’Hopital Général de Kadutu, a représenté une immersion essentielle dans la prise en charge globale de la femme enceinte, de la grossesse à l’accouchement, incluant les situations physiologiques et pathologiques.
Ce stage intensif de trois semaines en Obstétrique au sein de l’Hôpital Général de Kadutu m’a permis de concilier la théorie acquise au premier semestre à l'Université Évangélique en Afrique à la pratique tout en étant confronté aux difficultés réelles du monde du travail en obstétrique. Elle fut une expérience incroyable, j’ai appris beaucoup de choses allant plus loin de six objectifs académiques définis par l’UEA. Elle a également été moi pour une expérience professionnelle et humaine d’une grande richesse, marquée par des apprentissages cliniques essentiels et une profonde réflexion sur les enjeux de la médecine périnatale.
Après ma rapide intégration dans l’équipe, j’ai eu l’occasion de participer diagnostic et suivi de la grossesse à risque, la prise en charge d’accouchements dystociques (dont sièges et gémellaire), ainsi que la réalisation d’actes critiques (césarienne, épisiotomie, Echographies). Ces compétences acquises dans le contexte réel des défis sanitaires de notre
pays m’ont permis de transformer ma pratique clinique en développant ma capacité à prendre des décisions rapides face aux urgences maternofoetales, comme en témoigne la prise en charge de souffrance fœtale aigue.
L’immersion au sein du service m’a également permis de consolider mes connaissances théoriques tout en développant des compétences pratiques fondamentales, depuis le suivi des grossesses jusqu’à la prise en charge des accouchements et des situations d’urgence. J’ai pu
mesurer l’importance d’une approche rigoureuse et protocolisée, mais également la nécessité d’une grande adaptabilité face à la singularité de chaque patiente et de chaque naissance.
Ce stage a été très enrichissant pour moi, car il m’a permis de découvrir le monde médical, ses acteurs, contraintes. Il m’a permis de participer concrètement à ses enjeux au travers l’accompagnement le diagnostic, la surveillance, l’accouchement, la prévention et la prise en charge des complications liées à la grossesse, et la surveillance du post partum.

Dyslexia is one type of reading disorder. It generally refers to difficulties reading individual words and can lead to problems understanding text. The prevalence of impairment in reading, was 12.57%. Objective: This clinical study was aim to study the efficacy of Homoeopathic medicine in treating dyslexia in school going children and To identify the predisposing factor caused for dyslexia in school going children. Methods: This study was done among with 5 cases that were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Details of cases were recorded in standardized case record. The students were screened using Colorado learning disability Questionnaire and the next level of screening with DST primarily. The positive students were finally made to undergo Seguin Form Board initelligentence test. The symptoms were analyzed and medicine was prescribed according to constitution of the patient and followed for a period of 6 months and improvement was assessed using Dyslexia Screening Test. With the value of At Risk Quotient achieved before and after the Dyslexia Screening Test. Results: The result from the study was majority of the students belongs to the age group 10-12 years (80%), boys were more affected than girls. The main risk fact was delayed milestone and the premature birth. In this study, 3 students were having an IQ between 85-99% screened with Seguin Form Board IQ test. From this data, the students with IQ ≤ 75 (low IQ) were more liable to have risk of learning disability than children with IQ > 100. Combination of dyslexia, dyscalculia and dysgraphia were diagnosed in 2 students and 3 students were diagnosed as dyslexia.in this study, lycopodium 1M was prescribed medicine. There is a statically significant change in the At Risk Quotient attained in the improvement test of Dyslexia screening test. Conclusion: The study also helped in verifying the characteristic symptoms of the remedies from materia medica useful in Dyslexia. Homoeopathy is a holistic system of medicine. It treats patient as whole and not just symptoms they present. Therefore, Homoeopathy medicine Lycopodium clavatum 1M is believed to effective for dyslexia children.

Networks are everywhere or so it seems. You can hardly do anything with data that does not involve a network. Like the human networks that we are all part of, computer networks let us share information and resources. In business, the reliance on networks is even more pervasive than in homes or schools. In Gwagwalada area council, the mode of documentation is usually a manual form, which is a vulnerability to the security of confidential data such as employee, citizens and political data. The method of printing and access to information is ambiguous; sometimes an employee will have to leave his/her office to another office just to have a printout which can be easily gotten by sharing resources through network. In this Research, a study of the existing system was carried out using Qualitative means of information gathering technique which involves in-depth interview and observation that prompted the release of a new network system. Local Area Network system is designed for Gwagwalada Area Council that is capable of providing network resources and services (as well as Internet connections if the need be by the organization) to local users and a limited access of network service to public users for Business activities. Through this networking system, the organization can effectively reduce daily running cost, the organization internal works can be more systematic and well organized, and the communication of the employees in the organization can become more efficient by the use of mail services. The network is used to share files, prints and data. Employees can communicate with one another through Mail. Besides, some expensive hardware such as color printer can be shared by a lot of employees. The researcher determined the functional requirements and best topology for the Network system deployed. The implementation of the Local area network was completed using Cisco packet Tracer to simulate the process.

Networks are everywhere or so it seems. You can hardly do anything with data that does not involve a network. Like
the human networks that we are all part of, computer networks let us share information and resources. In business,
the reliance on networks is even more pervasive than in homes or schools. In Gwagwalada area council, the mode of
documentation is usually a manual form, which is a vulnerability to the security of confidential data such as
employee, citizens and political data. The method of printing and access to information is ambiguous; sometimes an
employee will have to leave his/her office to another office just to have a printout which can be easily gotten by
sharing resources through network. In this Research, a study of the existing system was carried out using Qualitative
means of information gathering technique which involves in-depth interview and observation that prompted the
release of a new network system. Local Area Network system is designed for Gwagwalada Area Council that is
capable of providing network resources and services (as well as Internet connections if the need be by the
organization) to local users and a limited access of network service to public users for Business activities. Through
this networking system, the organization can effectively reduce daily running cost, the organization internal works can
be more systematic and well organized, and the communication of the employees in the organization can become
more efficient by the use of mail services. The network is used to share files, prints and data. Employees can
communicate with one another through Mail. Besides, some expensive hardware such as color printer can be shared
by a lot of employees. The researcher determined the functional requirements and best topology for the Network
system deployed. The implementation of the Local area network was completed using Cisco packet Tracer to
simulate the process.

Keywords: Local Area Network, Deployment, Communication, Gwagwalada Area Council, Abuja, Nigeria

Psychology poetry can transform a person and help us see what we already feel. Through verse, we can explore the Self. Art allows us to express deep feelings that remain unspoken, especially the ones related to the abysmal foundation of our being. There is science backing all this, but the best argument to use poems comes always from within.

Desde la perspectiva de los estudios
críticos del discurso (van Dijk 2005, 2011), de
la argumentación (Perelman y Olbrechts 2015,
Fuentes Rodríguez 2007, 2010) y de la teoría del
periodismo (Martínez Albertos 1984, Diaz Noci
2000, F. Parratt, 2008), se propone el análisis
pragmalingüístico del reportaje «Los últimos
habitantes del Valle de los Caídos», de Alberto
Gayo (El País Semanal, 2018). La narración se
cruza con la interpretación de las noticias sobre
el suceso de la exhumación y el traslado de
los restos de Franco del Valle de los Caídos en
2019. El objetivo es indagar en las estrategias y
las herramientas, discursivas y argumentativas
y cuestionar su encuadre genérico. Asimismo,
se evidencia la necesidad de conocer los planes
estructurales del discurso periodístico —correspondientes
a las dimensiones micro y macroestructurales—
para distinguir las funciones de
las diversas prácticas discursivas coexistentes.

In modern criminal trials, forensic science often carries powerful influence. DNA matches, fingerprint comparisons, digital evidence, handwriting analysis-all of these can shape the direction of a case. Yet, no forensic report is accepted blindly in a court of law. Before it becomes reliable evidence, it must pass through one of the most critical safeguards of justice: cross-examination. Cross-examination is not an attack on science. It is a process designed to protect fairness, prevent wrongful convictions and ensure that scientific conclusions are accurate, unbiased and legally admissible. Behind this process stands a structured legal framework and a team of professionals working together inside the courtroom. The Legal Foundation Governing Forensic Evidence Every forensic report presented in court operates within a well-defined legal structure.

Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis pembentukan identiti digital serta tahap kesedaran pengurusan jejak dalam talian dalam kalangan pelajar universiti di Malaysia. Perkembangan media sosial dan platform digital telah mengubah cara individu membina imej diri serta berinteraksi dalam ruang siber. Namun, kurangnya kesedaran terhadap jejak digital boleh memberi implikasi terhadap reputasi, keselamatan dan peluang kerjaya pada masa hadapan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui kaedah soal selidik yang melibatkan pelajar institusi pengajian tinggi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa majoriti responden aktif dalam pembinaan identiti digital, namun tahap kefahaman terhadap pengurusan privasi dan keselamatan data masih sederhana. Kajian ini mencadangkan program literasi digital yang lebih menyeluruh bagi meningkatkan kesedaran tentang kepentingan pengurusan jejak dalam talian secara beretika dan bertanggungjawab.

Digital shadow, or better known as digital footprint, is a unique trail of data created by an individual while using the internet. In today's world, a digital footprint is crucial because people—whether future employers, parents, or colleagues—will undoubtedly search for us online. Therefore, the researcher will examine digital footprints within the use of social media and professional platforms through a platform audit.

Kajian ini menganalisis jejak digital dalam kalangan pelajar serta mencadangkan pelan tindakan untuk meningkatkan kesedaran dan tanggungjawab digital. Dalam era media sosial, setiap aktiviti dalam talian memberi kesan terhadap reputasi, keselamatan dan kesejahteraan individu. Namun, masih terdapat pelajar yang kurang memahami implikasi jangka panjang perkongsian maklumat peribadi. Kajian ini mengenal pasti tahap kesedaran pelajar terhadap risiko jejak digital dan kepentingan pengurusan privasi. Pelan tindakan yang dicadangkan merangkumi audit akaun media sosial, penetapan tetapan privasi dan pendidikan literasi digital. Secara keseluruhannya, pengurusan jejak digital yang baik dapat membantu membentuk identiti digital yang positif serta menyokong kesejahteraan digital pelajar.

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming dental education and practice by supporting clinical decision-making, administrative automation, and academic assessments. This review synthesizes 12 studies (May 2024-June 2025) evaluating LLMs, including ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude, on dental board and academic examinations using a modified population, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) framework to assess accuracy, reliability, comprehensiveness, and reasoning quality. A narrative review of the literature was conducted, identifying relevant articles from PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and arXiv. LLMs achieved acceptable accuracy on multiple-choice questions, often surpassing human benchmarks, though performance varied by model, question type, and language. They excel in factual recall and exam preparation, particularly in resource-limited settings, but struggle with clinical reasoning and text-based formats. LLMs show potential for enhancing dental education, especially in standardized assessments, but require standardized evaluation frameworks, diverse question formats, and ethical guidelines to address limitations in practical and visual applications for effective integration into dental curricula.

Unıversal legal standards of sustaınable socıalıty from the context of the rıght to a decent lıfe. In the modern era, sustainable development is about meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the interests of future generations, which is characterized by its three reference points. Sustainable sociality, which is one of the strongest pillars, occupies one of the most important places in ensuring a decent standard of living for people. Society can achieve the improvement of people's well-being by adequately ensuring their basic rights within the framework of sustainable sociality. In other words, Sustainable development is the activity of using all means to protect humanity in the most ideal form and to preserve its existence for a long time. This activity treats everyone equally without distinction between generations and is aimed at dividing natural resources equally among them, and ultimately implies the activities of governments aimed at uninterrupted but fully satisfied needs. States should implement policies aimed at protecting the rights of not only their current but also potential citizens in the future and should protect the rights of everyone equally without applying any distinctions in time. When we approach sustainable development, which includes five stages of development from a historical perspective from the context of mutual relations, we witness three directions: ecological, economic and social. While ecological and economic sustainability have been sufficiently studied, researchers have devoted relatively little space to social sustainability. However, it is precisely social sustainability that includes factors aimed at improving people's well-being and ensuring a decent standard of living. The article examines the sources reflecting the development stages and legal bases of the sectors of social sustainability planned as the Millennium Development Goals, analyzes eleven of the seventeen goals as social rights, and refers to research works by various authors on this. In addition, the author puts forward the idea of ensuring social interests as the most important condition for achieving sustainable development, defends the idea that this goal is the main condition for the path to the other two (economic and ecological) goals, and makes suggestions and recommendations in this direction.

Tim Cuit Cuit Cheese melaksanakan serangkaian kegiatan yang mencakup tahap pemasaran batch ke-2 hingga proses penjualan produk. Kegiatan diawali dengan menawarkan produk kepada teman-teman di lingkungan kampus, khususnya di Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Pancasila. Promosi produk dilakukan melalui akun Instagram resmi @cuitcuitcheese serta melalui unggahan status WhatsApp untuk menjangkau konsumen yang lebih luas. Produk Cuit Cuit Cheese dipasarkan dengan harga yang telah ditetapkan sesuai dengan varian rasa. Pada periode penjualan ini, produk Cuit Cuit Cheese berhasil terjual sebanyak 24 cup. Activities & Outputs Activity 1 Promosi Cuit Cuit Cheese Batch ke 2 Status Achieved Objective Melakukan promosi produk Cuit Cuit Cheese sebagai persiapan penjualan ke 2

The postgraduate coursework curriculum at the University of Southern Queensland includes a number of engineering management courses focused on developing professional engineering knowledge and skills, such as advanced project management, asset management, risk management and innovation management. Such skills are normally developed through traditional coursework approaches like on-line and written study materials, lectures and tutorials. While such teaching approaches have been successful, it is considered desirable to more strongly embed the professional skills taught into the learner’s future professional practice. Teaching techniques based on experiential learning have the potential to achieve this objective, through processes based on activities like having a concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualisation and active experimentation. In teaching professional skills, this approach can be delivered through activities like reflective exercises designed to ai...

The writing skills of 71 college seniors were assessed at a medium-sized public university. Blind scoring, a standard scoring guide, and trained graders were used. Curricular writing emphasis was assessed through a syllabus study, yielding a curricular emphasis score. The academic records of these students revealed the number of courses taken in each discipline, and a weighted sum was derived for each student with weighting by the percent of syllabi for courses taken that showed "strong emphasis" in writing in each discipline. Controlling for entry-level skill in writing, writing score and curricular emphasis were highly correlated. Implications for assessment practice are discussed. (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Writing Across the Curriculum Works: The Impact of Writing Emphasis upon Senior Exit Writing Samples

Event management is a complex process involving planning, coordination, communication, and real-time monitoring of participants and resources. Traditional methods rely heavily on manual processes, spreadsheets, and fragmented communication channels, often resulting in inefficiencies and errors. This paper presents the design and implementation of a cloud-based Event Management System that automates the complete lifecycle of event handling. The system is developed using the MERN stack, comprising React with Vite for the frontend, Node.js and Express for backend services, MongoDB for data storage, and Socket.IO for real-time communication. Deployment on Amazon Web Services (AWS) EC2 ensures scalability, reliability, and high availability. Experimental evaluation demonstrates improved performance, reduced operational overhead, and enhanced user experience.

This study provides a detailed insight into the changing writing demands from the last year of university study to the first year in the workforce of engineering and accounting professionals. The study relates these to the demands of the writing component of IELTS, which is increasingly used for exit testing.

The aim of the article is to present the Learn & Lead Innovation training program, designed to support lifelong teacher development in professional competencies. This program is structured around two core components: (1) the Learner-centred approach (LCA) and (2) the enhancement of personal, metacognitive awareness, and leadership skills. The training process and its six-level scoring system, tailored for each defined skill, are comprehensively outlined. This explanation is further complemented by a detailed discussion of the LCA Teacher Development Framework, which includes specific criteria for each developmental level. The primary aim of the program is to establish an international network of LCA practitioners and model LCA schools, thereby fostering a collaborative platform for the exchange of best practices and shared learning experiences.

Juvenile delinquency is becoming an emerging and dramatically growing social problem globally that has received wide recognition in recent years. Studies in different countries have indicated that children come to contact with legal issues as delinquents due to various psychological and socioeconomic factors and which are not strange to Ethiopian context. Most of the existing studies in Ethiopia focused to assess nature of treatment and legal frameworks towards delinquent children. Thus, this study revealed contributing factors for children's delinquent behavior in the study area. To explore such factors, then, qualitative research approach with case study research was employed. For the accomplishment of the study nine juvenile delinquents and three key informants were participated. The relevant data were collected through in-depth interview, key informant interview, and document reviews. The gathered data were transcribed, coded, categorized and themed into meaningful interpretations and analyzed thematically. The findings of the study revealed that children engaged in delinquent activities due to the influence of their peers, unemployment, immaturity, and low attachment/intimacy to their significant others. Juveniles are influenced to engage in different criminal activity depending on their existing conditions. As juvenile delinquency is becoming more visible and spread out in today's society, due emphasis has to be given to work against these precipitating factors.