Spatial archaeology

Small Footprints in Hard Places examines the quiet but durable evidence of children moving through landscapes never meant for them—mines, frontier forts, timber camps, arsenals, mill towns, and other zones of adult labor and hazard. Through the recovery and interpretation of small objects—marbles, chalk marks, improvised toys, metal spheres, and other minor artifacts—the study reconstructs the unofficial life of childhood in environments shaped by hard work, conflict, and extraction. These traces reveal how children navigated risk, carved out play in the margins of danger, and left behind a counter archive that complicates the official histories of these sites. By foregrounding the material signatures of young lives, the work reframes “hard places” as shared spaces where childhood persisted, adapted, and occasionally resisted the adult world.

En este trabajo discutimos las categorías interpretativas con las que se produjeron y continúan produciéndose narrativas sobre sitios inka, particularmente lo que se considera como “centros administrativos”. A partir de nuestros estudios en El Shincal seleccionamos cuatro contextos –un espacio de vivienda de la elite, un recinto con evidencia de prácticas rituales, un complejo con una roca tallada y un espacio de molienda- para reflexionar críticamente sobre las categorías con las cuales otorgamos sentidos apriorísticamente. Un conjunto de interrogantes surgen a partir de estas críticas y se intenta construir interpretaciones desde nuevos enfoques centrados en modelos que resaltan las construcciones nativas del mundo y sentidos de la práctica política que partan desde la diferencia ontológica.

Point Pattern Analysis (PPA) has gained momentum in archaeological research, particularly in site distribution pattern recognition compared to supra-regional environmental variables. While PPA is now a statistically well-established method, most of the data necessary for the analyses are not freely accessible, complicating reproducibility and transparency. In this article, we present a fully reproducible methodical framework to PPA using an open access database of archaeological sites located in southwest Germany and open source explanatory covariates to understand site location processes and patterning. The workflow and research question are tailored to a regional case study, but the code underlying the analysis is provided as an R Markdown file and can be adjusted and manipulated to fit any archaeological database across the globe. The Early Iron Age north of the Alps and particularly in southwest Germany is marked by numerous social and cultural changes that reflect the use and inhabitation of the landscape. In this work we show that the use of quantitative methods in the study of site distribution processes is essential for a more complete understanding of archaeological and environmental dynamics. Furthermore, the use of a completely transparent and easily adaptable approach can fuel the understanding of largescale site location preferences and catchment compositions in archaeological, geographical and ecological research.

This science communication article explores the profound relationship between classical Greek philosophy and the natural, sacred landscapes of antiquity. While intellectual debate is traditionally associated with urban centers like the Athenian Agora or the opulent homes of aristocrats, ancient philosophical inquiry was fundamentally tied to the environment. Through an analysis of the pilgrimage from Knossos to the Cave of Zeus in Crete depicted in Plato's Laws and the liminal space of the Ilissos River valley in the Phaedrus, this text demonstrates that these natural settings were not mere theatrical backdrops. Instead, they provided meaning, memory, and identity to the philosophical discourse. Bridging spatial archaeology, lived religion, and environmental humanities, the article advocates for a renewed understanding of how ancient communities projected shared knowledge and myths onto their topography, turning philosophy into an 'itinerant' activity.

This publication is part of the digital outreach and knowledge transfer strategy for the HIEROTOPOI project (10.55776/PAT2141125)

The Kenyan central rift has witnessed dramatic climatic changes over relatively short periods of time in response to global climatic changes, with the water levels of the lakes within the rift rising and falling with these changing conditions. There is considerable evidence showing extreme wet and dry phases throughout their existence. These wet and dry phases also influenced the vegetation cover, and by extension, the resources available to human and animal populations at any one time. The rise and fall of lake levels is reflected in the settlement patterns and subsistence strategies of different populations through time. Previous studies have been carried out to compare how the Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Later Stone Age (LSA) social and territorial systems differed in their adaptations to similar resource structures, since they are generally found in the same areas. However, earlier comparisons are based on the constitution of lithic and faunal assemblages at individual sites, without considering broader spatial scales that include territories and areas of land use that surround sites and settlements, and more ephemeral features that may influence the choice of site settlements. Since archaeological sites are a part of a cultural landscape within which particular systems of activities take place in space and time, landscape analysis is suggested for a broader approach than just tool types and morphology. Settlement patterns are instrumental in explaining subsistence strategies and spatial organization in relation to ecological and physical resources. The main aim of this study is to use geographical information system (GIS) methods to explore patterns in site locations during the MSA and LSA, and to establish differences and similarities between the periods. GIS is ideal for analyzing social and ritual landscapes by testing proxies for visual perception. Mapping archaeological sites using GIS improves our ability to detect settlement patterns that are not otherwise apparent. Visualization of sites makes it possible to compare their locations in relation to geographic features that may have influenced their locations. The methodology employed includes visibility analysis and statistical analyses that include Spatial Autocorrelation, Average Nearest Neighbor, Multi Distance Cluster, and Directional Distribution. Mapping archaeological sites using GIS improves our ability to detect settlement patterns that are not otherwise apparent. Visualization of sites makes it possible to compare their locations in relation to geographic features that may have influenced their locations.
Results indicate that there are differences in the locations of MSA and LSA sites, with distinct patterning at specific distances. The clustering shown may be an indication of
v
location preference due to availability of resources and security considerations, but may also have been highly influenced by climatic conditions and existing physical features. The locations of view sheds generated from selected sites indicate different target areas and therefore suggest differing visibility considerations. It is suggested that more intensive surveys and research should be concentrated in areas of site clustering, and in viewshed areas to determine factors that may have influenced this patterning. Site location patterns may give us insights into how sites were chosen and give us an idea on where to look for new sites to explore in future.
Key words: Geography, Geographical Information Systems, Archaeology, Kenya, Central Rift Valley, Landscape analysis, Middle Stone Age, Later Stone Age

Patterns appear before interpretation. That is where this work begins. A comparative observational analysis of pattern orientation in Polycontrast Interference Photography (PIP) and New Energy Vision (NEV) imaging is conducted using a dataset comprising more than 840 recordings collected across 15 countries. A series of PIP and NEV recordings, collected across different environments and continents, reveals a consistent contrast in pattern orientation. In open landscapes and urban settings, color-gradient structures tend to extend horizontally. This baseline behavior is visible in rural Serbia, along the Aswan roadway, and in the Sedona formation, despite its partial geometric resemblance to a stepped pyramid. Across the broader dataset, horizontally oriented patterns represent the dominant baseline condition in natural landscapes, urban environments, and archaeological sites, including megalithic complexes and temples. The situation changes over pyramidal structures. Recordings above the Bosnian Pyramids of the Sun and the Moon show vertically organized patterns, stable across different years and recording conditions. A comparable structure is observed at the Pyramid of Khafre in Egypt, suggesting that the phenomenon is not limited to a single location. This vertical pattern orientation is reproducibly observed across multiple pyramid sites in Bosnia and Egypt (including Giza, Dahshur, Abusir, and Hawara), and remains consistent across acquisition distances ranging from approximately 100 m to several kilometers. Between pyramidal features, the pattern shifts again. Oblique structures appear in transition zones, while panoramic imaging reveals clear spatial contrast: vertical organization above the pyramids, horizontal banding above the nearby urban environment. Across the full dataset, a smaller subset of observations exhibits oblique or mixed orientations, typically associated with transitional spatial zones or localized environmental conditions. The cross-site stability of these observations, across sites and instruments, points

Es bien sabido que la épica homérica nos presenta un universo primordialmente masculino y androcéntrico que narra la cólera de personajes como Aquiles o las narraciones de Odiseo. No obstante, en las últimas décadas hemos sido testigos de un aumento de los estudios de género en el terreno homérico. Autoras como S. Reboreda o C. Franco han centrado sus investigaciones en los universos femeninos homéricos en la Grecia antigua. Sin embargo, ¿cómo podemos aplicar estos aspectos a las zonas consideradas “marginales” del Egeo? Gracias a las fuentes arqueológicas obtenidas en los últimos años de la mano de arqueólogas como M. Kosma, A. Kottaridi o D. Ignatiadou, se ha descubierto que las mujeres de la élite en estos territorios “marginales” jugaron papeles importantes dentro del territorio. Con todo esto, el objetivo de la investigación es analizar, de forma crítica, qué conocimiento tenemos sobre la mujer a comienzos del I milenio -inicios de la época arcaica (950-900 a. C.)-, a partir de registros funerarios obtenidos en regiones como Macedonia, entre otras. Utilizando la épica homérica como fuente literaria sabemos que se describen dos tipos de mujeres: las diosas y la mujer mortal. Dentro de lo que algunos autores consideran que era una “monarquía”, las mujeres mortales estaban muy conectadas con las actividades domésticas y, también, con el mundo funerario y ritual. Por ello, conviene plantearse hasta qué punto es posible trasladar esta visión homérica de “reinas” y “amas de casa” hacia sociedades marginales y en construcción en una Grecia protogeométrica y, todo ello, a partir de los restos encontrados en la arqueología funeraria. Gracias a los nuevos marcos teórico-prácticos que se ha implantado dentro de la arqueología de género en las diferentes academias, es posible analizar si estas damas desarrollaron funciones más allá del oikos, y determinar las razones por las que sus tumbas y ajuares tienen un extremado valor material y simbólico.

During the archaeological research of the ancient Rus site on the Kudryavska St., 24A in Kyiv, in the historical area called «Kopyriv kinec», the remains of the manufactory building were discovered. The building has a frame-and-pillar structure, 4 × 4 m square, located in the eastern part of the excavation area. The stepped entrance adjoined the building from the southwest side. This building was cut in half by the modern building foundation. At its bottom, in addition to pits of different diameters, the small hearth was located. In the filling of the building a lot of various finds such as the fragments of various vessels, the objects from ferrous and non-ferrous metals, fragments of building materials, stone items, various slags, animal bones etc. were discovered. In the building filling the artifacts indicating its manufacture purpose have been discovered: the fragments of commercial copper — the raw materials for casting bronze products in the form of round rods with cross-sections with traces of chopping and riveting. Material for smelting followed by casting, like raw materials, used the colored scrap in the form of fragments of various copper or bronze products, melted and deformed under the influence of high temperature little bell, broken strips etc. Slag fragments, found in the building, clearly indicate the activity related to metal production and metal processing. Most likely, the main metallurgical workshop was placed nearby. Consequently, this manufactory building was probably the part of metallurgical complex. Obviously, it was engaged in the smelting of metal and the manufacture of non-ferrous metal items.

Rock art represents one of the most important archaeological remains in the Algerian Saharan Atlas. The various classical attempts for its study and interpretation led to the proposal of a methodological framework based on the description and classification of this archaeological record in chronological stages. The spatial distribution of rock art in the landscape as well as the related geographical context required the application of new and innovative approaches such as spatial archaeology and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The main goals of this paper are to illustrate the impact of the geographic, topographic and the environmental context on these cultural manifestations, as well as to propose behavioral hypotheses based on the analysis of their spatial distributions.

Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar e analisar patrimônios rurais presentes no município de Piratini, no Rio Grande do Sul, com destaque para a riqueza histórica e cultural presente na região. Contudo, é preciso destacar de pronto que não se tem a pretensão de esgotar o assunto, tampouco a diversidade do patrimônio cultural rural do município. O que se busca é apresentar alguns exemplos, por meio dos quais se pretende provocar reflexões sobre a preservação e valorização desses patrimônios. Para melhor compreender o contexto em que estão inseridos tais objetos, adotamos como ponto de partida o passado histórico de Piratini, sua importância durante a Guerra dos Farrapos e seu desenvolvimento ao longo dos anos.

In 1859, at the largest recorded slave auction in American history, more than 400 men, women, and children were sold by the Butler Plantation estates. This book is one of the i rst to analyze the operation of this auction and trace the lives of slaves before, during, and after their sale. Immersing herself in the personal papers of the Butlers, accounts from journalists who witnessed the auction, genealogical records, and oral histories, Anne C. Bailey weaves together a narrative that brings the auction to life. Demonstrating the resilience of African American families, she includes interviews from the living descendants of slaves sold on the auction block, showing how the memories of slavery have shaped people's lives today. Using the auction as the focal point, The Weeping Time is a compelling and nuanced narrative of one of the most pivotal eras in American history, and how its legacy persists today.

Antequera (Málaga) is home to one of the most important Neolithic and Copper Age megalithic landscapes in Europe, as proven by its recent declaration as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in July 15th 2016. This declaration highlights the need to push ahead in the research of the Neolithic and Copper Age periods, when the megalithic phenomenon developed and the three large Antequera megaliths, Menga, Viera and El Romeral, were built. In this paper, stemming from an on-going research project, we present a synthesis of the evidence available for the study of the Copper Age settlement patterns and social dynamics in the Lands of Antequera. Departing from a comprehensive review of the existing literature an assessment is made of the settlement patterns, subsistence economy, exploitation and exchange of abiotic resources, monumentality and burial practices of this time period. The aim is to formulate a preliminary framework of analysis of the cultural and social context in which the constru...

The land currently called California and Arizona has long been filled with people and stories, with complex histories and relationships between communities, with systems of care and ceremony, and cycles of living and death. Both geographic areas and the Indigenous communities in those areas were subjected to what Corrina Gould describes above as the three waves of settler invasion and occupation: Spanish, Mexican, and the current US occupation. Long-extant Indigenous lifeways and practices were violently disrupted by the invasion and sustained presence of the Spanish in the 18th century and the erection of a mission system, which incarcerated Native peoples and used their enslaved labor to enshrine Spanish rule

Στο πρώτο μέρος της μελέτης των προϊστορικών θέσεων, στην Περιφερειακή Ενότητα της Καρδίτσας (Βουζαξάκης Κ. 2025. «Προϊστορικές θέσεις στο νοτιοδυτικό άκρο της πεδιάδας της Καρδίτσας», Θεσσαλικό Ημερολόγιο, 88, 33–51), εξετάστηκαν οι οικισμοί που έχουν εντοπισθεί, έως σήμερα, στο νοτιοδυτικό τμήμα της πεδιάδας, δηλαδή στην περιοχή η οποία αντιστοιχεί, στη λεκάνη απορροής των ποταμών Καράμπαλη και Λείψιμου. Το παρόν δεύτερο μέρος, παραμένοντας εντός των νοτίων ορίων της πεδιάδας, εστιάζει σε 14 ακόμη θέσεις άμεσα ανατολικά της προηγούμενης ζώνης και μέχρι τα σύγχρονα διοικητικά όρια με την Π.Ε.
Φθιώτιδας. Συγκεκριμένα, εξετάζονται θέσεις εντός της Δημοτικής Κοινότητας Παλιουρίου του Δήμου Καρδίτσας, καθώς και εντός των Δημοτικών Κοινοτήτων Δασοχωρίου, Μελισσοχωρίου, Φίλιας, Λουτρού, Κέδρου, Ανάβρας, Αχλαδέας, Λεονταρίου, Ασημοχωρίου και Γραμματικού του Δήμου Σοφάδων

Pet let po potresu je Arheološki muzej v Zagrebu letos julija svoje prostore ponovno odprl za javnost. Med novostmi je tudi razstava Arheologija i popularna kultura, ki je bila odprta 2. oktobra 2025 in bo na ogled do 1. februarja 2026. Avtorja razstave sta arheologinja Jacqueline Balen in Daniel Rafaelić, filmski zgodovinar, režiser in igralec, Ema Kosnica pa je kustodinja razstave. Razstava v glavnem vsebuje grafično gradivo, plakate,
posterje, fotografije ipd., ki jih mestoma dopolnjujejo predmeti, kot so knjige, videokasete, CD-plošče, makete in celo oblačila. Po razstavi nas vodijo besedilni panoji in podnapisi v hrvaškem in angleškem jeziku. Celostna podoba razstave je oblikovana v duhu poparta.

L’estudi planteja una aproximació territorial al poblament ibèric (ss. VI–II/I a.C.) a la Ribera del Xúquer mitjançant la integració d’anàlisis arqueològiques, geoarqueològiques i eines SIG. La caracterització dels jaciments, la seua distribució i l’avaluació espacial (incloent buffers hídrics, accessibilitat, vies de comunicació i possibles fronteres) permeten reconstruir l’organització del territori i el paper del Xúquer com a eix estructurador. La lectura diacrònica revela continuïtats i transformacions en els patrons d’assentament al llarg de les fases ibèriques.

Aquí se explica el interés que reinó en la arqueología argentina hacia 1970 por asignar una sigla fijada internacionalmente y un número correlativo a los yacimientos. Método propuesto por J. Rowe para Perú y Méjico. Quien más fuertemente apostó a esta identificación fue el Sr. Pio P. Díaz desde Salta. Comenzó por la zona llamada Valle Calchaquí y pasó con su numeración a la vecina Provincia de Jujuy siguiendo un camino troncal de Argentina que es la Ruta Nacional 40.Lo interesante es que engloba sitios arqueológicos de cazadoresrecolectores primitivos, hasta ruinas de la época hispana y republicana. Resalta el afán del cuidado del patrimonio, ya que con esta sigla no se confunden los lugares, y a la vez cada ficha particular contiene una importante información

Digital Cultural Heritage networks aim to improve the quality of research by facilitating communication and collaboration between experts, academics, and other relevant stakeholders. However, in Türkiye, archaeological data collection, analysis and visualisation is largely completed digitally, with the results then shared by publications or web pages. Stakeholders and experts have limited opportunities and platforms to discuss their experiences and the challenges they face. Dijital Kültürel Miras Ağı (DKM Türkiye- Digital Cultural Heritage Network in Türkiye), is a voluntary community formed in 2021. The network aims to create a platform for communication between professionals, academics, and researchers, including students. In doing so, the initiative aims to increase the awareness about digital cultural heritage, focusing especially on creation, organization, visualization, analysis, management, use and reuse of data in Türkiye and to establish and collate Turkish language content in this field. This presentation will explain the formation of the initiative and the content created so far. It will also cover the GLAM-WIKI Project and collaboration with Wikimedia Community User Group Turkey (WMTR). While producing and managing data in the digital environment, researchers and academics need to collaborate in order to share their expertise and discuss the challenges and possibilities before them.

The cultural subdivision of the Mid Dnieper Epigravettian is based on the typological peculiarities of stone insets of projectile weapons from 22 stratified assemblages. The Mezhyrich, Mizyn, Yudinovo and Ovruch industries, as well as the number of assemblage’s types were defined (Nuzhnyi 2008). The insets of Mezhyrich industry are represented by lanceolate-backed points and rectangular microliths. Both were made on bladelets and micro-blades, sometimes by inverse and alternate retouch (Fig. 1: 1-18). The lanceolate points made on flakes, blades and bladelets by abrupt/semi-abrupt retouch and “atypical rectangles” produced on blades and bladelets are the characteristic feature of Yudinovo industry (Fig. 1: 19-33). The micro-points on bladelets and micro-blades with straight back and obliquely retouched/truncated base are common for Mizyn industry (Fig. 2, 1-18). The Ovruch industry is represented by backed lanceolate points made on blades and bladelets (Fig. 2: 19-26). Often, the ba...

The study of lithic raw material procurement strategies provides critical insights into the socioeconomic organization and territorial mobility patterns of prehistoric societies. This research applies a pioneering geoarchaeological approach by combining advanced analytical techniques, including polarized optical microscopy (POM), cathodoluminescence microscopy (CL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to characterize archaeological and geological flint samples from Ardales Cave and Sima de las Palomas in southern Iberia. The results reveal a systematic exploitation of secondary deposits in nearby fluvial terraces, within a predominantly local procurement framework, occasionally complemented by supra-regional acquisition episodes. Petrographic analysis, enhanced by cathodoluminescence images, enabled an unprecedented differentiation of flint varieties and identification of their diagenetic processes, significantly refining sourcing and characterization methods in geologically complex regions such as the Betic Cordillera. This study represents a key methodological advance in geoarchaeology, demonstrating the high potential of cathodoluminescence applied to flint analysis and establishing a robust analytical framework to interpret mobility patterns, territorial interaction, and technological resource management in prehistoric contexts.

Since 2020, the Saudi-French Archaeological and Epigraphic Mission to Najrān (MAFSN) has been conducting additional archaeological surveys and small-scale excavations in the Ḥimā area, providing a wealth of data from different historical periods. Preliminary analysis of the structures and artefacts discovered revealed a complex landscape characterised by patterns of continuous human activity from the Palaeolithic to modern times, underlining the historical importance of this area as a transit hub along the caravan routes. The identification of various structures has made it possible to establish a basic typology and enabled a distribution study of the human presence, allowing comparisons with neighbouring regions. This paper presents the discovery of two anthropomorphic stelae associated with a platform-like structure excavated in November 2021 on the eastern side of Jabal al-Kawkab, al-Gharaziyyāt area. The documentation of these stelae lays the groundwork for a re-evaluation of the Bronze Age occupation of the area.

La arqueología virtual es una disciplina que utiliza la tecnología para la visualización del patrimonio arqueológico, permitiendo la reconstrucción digital de eventos y estructuras del pasado. Su objetivo es presentar, de manera detallada y en tiempo real, aspectos históricos de las sociedades. Este enfoque plantea interrogantes sobre cómo representar el pasado con precisión y cómo reflejar la veracidad de los elementos de una estructura
arqueológica. La hipótesis central es que una mayor cantidad de evidencia histórica y arqueológica permite una representación virtual más fiel de la realidad, mientras que la falta de información aumenta la especulación en los modelos tridimensionales. El artículo presenta la reconstrucción virtual de la plataforma ceremonial -ushnu- de El Shincal de Quimivil (Londres, provincia de Catamarca), realizada según una escala de evidencia histórico-arqueológica. Este proyecto busca crear un recurso que facilite la comunicación y participación del público, tanto profesional como general, en la comprensión del patrimonio. La metodología incluye etapas de trabajo en campo y en gabinete, combinando técnicas de estudio, procesamiento de imágenes y revisión bibliográfica para la toma de decisiones sobre los procesos constructivos del ushnu. La reconstrucción virtual resultante ofrece un modelo tridimensional que integra evidencia arqueológica, histórica y etnohistórica, utilizando herramientas clave como las unidades reconstructivas y la escala de evidencia. Este enfoque garantiza la autenticidad y transparencia científica, proporcionando una representación detallada y rigurosa del patrimonio de El Shincal de Quimivil.-------------------------------------------------------------
ABSTRACT:
Virtual archaeology is a discipline that uses technology to visualize archaeological heritage, allowing the digital reconstruction of past events and structures. Its goal is to present historical aspects of societies in a detailed and real-time manner. This approach
raises questions about how to represent the past accurately and how to reflect the veracity of the elements of an archaeological structure. The central hypothesis is that a greater amount of historical and archaeological evidence allows for a more faithful virtual representation of reality, while the lack of information increases speculation in threedimensional models. The article presents the virtual reconstruction of the ceremonial platform –ushnu– of El Shincal de Quimivil (Londres, Catamarca province), carried out according to a scale of historical-archaeological evidence. This project aims to create a resource that facilitates communication and participation of both professionals and the general public in the understanding of heritage. The methodology includes stages of field and office work, combining study techniques, image processing, and bibliographic review for decision-making on the construction processes of the ushnu. The resulting virtual reconstruction offers a three-dimensional model that integrates archaeological, historical, and ethnohistorical evidence, using key tools such as reconstructive units and the evidence scale. This approach ensures scientific authenticity and transparency, providing a detailed and rigorous representation of the heritage of El Shincal de Quimivil.

The  article  examines  the  history  and  results  of  research  at  the  site  of  Sabatinìvka 1,  which  comprises  two  cultural  layers: the Cucuteni-Trypillia complex and the Late Bronze Age layer. the site has been investigated through a long-term, multidisciplinary collaboration involving radiocarbon AMS dating, as well as paleopedological analyses. Archival materials from the odesa Archaeological Museum and the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of  Ukraine  have  been  revisited  and  systematized.  the  paper  summarizes  the  results  of  excavations  conducted  in  1938  –1939, 1947–1949, and 2011–2018, which revealed architectural remains and buried features associated with both cultural layers. In addition, new AMS dates are presented, refining the chronology of the Cucuteni-trypillia and Late bronze Age occupations at the site.

This task presents a case study of the cultural sightseeing Caminho Pomerano, formed by small family farms in São Lourenço do Sul, located at southeast spot in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Rural tourism, through sightseeing studied, provides extra income for participating families and is an alternative to tobacco cultivation, the main activity at the small properties in the rural area. The case study was based on a qualitative research where data were collected in semi-structured interviews, documentary research and, mainly, trough the sightseeing observation in loco. Describing the project since the ideation until its nowadays operation, trying to unveil its weakness and its potentialities. Although it is a recent activity in the municipality, rural tourism in family farming is presented as a well-organized activity which has the active participation of the involved farmers who obtains, in addition to economic development, the rescue and valorization of their own culture.

This task presents a case study of the cultural sightseeing Caminho Pomerano, formed by small family farms in São Lourenço do Sul, located at southeast spot in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Rural tourism, through sightseeing studied, provides extra income for participating families and is an alternative to tobacco cultivation, the main activity at the small properties in the rural area. The case study was based on a qualitative research where data were collected in semi-structured interviews, documentary research and, mainly, trough the sightseeing observation in loco. Describing the project since the ideation until its nowadays operation, trying to unveil its weakness and its potentialities. Although it is a recent activity in the municipality, rural tourism in family farming is presented as a well-organized activity which has the active participation of the involved farmers who obtains, in addition to economic development, the rescue and valorization of their own culture.

La fase de planificació és bàsica en el seguit de feines a desenvolupar quan
s’ha de confeccionar una cartografia de detall associada a un projecte o
estudi geològic o geomorfològic. En aquesta etapa preliminar es recopilen
els antecedents bibliogràfics, documentals i la cartografia existent
fins al moment de la zona sobre la qual s’ha d’elaborar l’estudi —base
cartogràfica, però també mapes geològics, geomorfològics, hidrològics,
etc. Aquest treball permet obtenir una cartografia preliminar, una visió
general de l’àrea d’estudi i preparar la posterior campanya de detall sobre
el terreny. Amb l’estudi dels treballs existents de la zona d’intervenció,
el geòleg identifica els punts i afloraments que durant la fase de camp ha
d’observar de forma directa i també determina l’equipament o material
que ha de portar amb ell per a desenvolupar amb la màxima rendibilitat
i precisió aquesta segona etapa. No obstant això, sovint la recopilació de
dades no incorpora ni analitza la incorporació i l’anàlisi de la informació
que proporciona la toponímia. En aquest article, per mitjà del cas de
la conca baixa del barranc d’Esplugafreda, mostrem, d’una banda, un
exemple de la representativitat en el territori d’aquest tipus de noms de lloc i, per un altra banda, la informació que els topònims aporten —conjuntament amb la seva utilitat— de cara a optimitzar el treball de camp
posterior, especialment dels tècnics especialistes en ciències de la Terra.

Aquest article aborda la figura dels ministrils —els músics i ballarins ambulants del Mediterrani antic— des d’una perspectiva que combina història cultural, política i historiografia musical. L’autor proposa una lectura crítica del terme joch, tradicionalment associat a formes socials de música i entreteniment, per desmuntar representacions simplistes o folkloritzants que han perdurat en la literatura i la cultura popular. L’assaig posa el focus en el context de les societats medievals i modernes primerenques, on aquests intèrprets no eren només artistes itinerants, sinó agents socials amb una funció clara dins del teixit urbà i rural, sovint lligats a rituals, mercats i cercles de sociabilitat comunitària.
L’article també reflexiona sobre la necessitat d’un relat rigorós i contextualitzat, lluny de tòpics i sentimentalismes, que reconegui la complexitat de les pràctiques musicals preindustrials i la seva relació amb les estructures de poder, economia i identitat col·lectiva. En aquest sentit, es reivindica una historiografia que equilibri l’atenció entre els grans discursos canònics i les pràctiques sonores quotidianes, subratllant com les categories actuals de música eren percebudes i mobilitzades d’una manera molt diferent pels mateixos agents històrics. El text defensa que entendre amb precisió aquests fenòmens no només enriqueix la nostra comprensió del passat, sinó que també qüestiona mites i prejudicis que encara condicionen la manera com concebem la música i la societat avui.

Uno de los aspectos más fascinantes de las conferencias, libros y artículos de Alice Gorman es que nos hace mirar la carrera espacial de una manera completamente diferente. Para ella, los restos de la sonda Huygens en la superficie de Titán o el disco de oro de las sondas Voyager son objetos con el mismo interés científico que los tesoros de un mausoleo romano o la tumba de un faraón: artefactos humanos que nos ayudan a entender quiénes somos y cómo nos adaptamos a diferentes ambientes.

Between 2017 and 2018, as part of the project «The Earliest Paleolithic Sites of Ukraine in the Context of the Initial Colonization of Europe», a pilot survey was undertaken to search for evidence of early human presence across various regions of the country. The project aimed to identify new and re-examine already known Early Paleolithic sites in the valleys of the Southern Bug, Smotrych, Dniester, Dnipro, and Siverskyi Donets. The research also incorporated potentially significant data concerning findspots of Early Pleistocene faunal remains. This article presents the results of 2017 field surveys carried out in the valleys of the Smotrych, Seret, and adjacent segments of the Dniester River, covering areas of Ternopil and Khmelnytsky regions. The primary objective was to identify new localities with artefacts and stratigraphically significant Early Paleolithic contexts, as well as to relocate Early Pleistocene faunal localities known since the mid-20th century (Chortkiv, Synyakove, Shutnivtsi). Prior to fieldwork, the region was assessed using geological maps, satellite imagery, and other open-source resources, with particular focus on accessible alluvial gravel deposits and exposures with buried palaeosols. Field activities included geomorphological characterisation of the modern landscape (relief, slope dissection, terracing, erosion), stratigraphic examination of natural and anthropogenic exposures (quarries, ravines), reconnaissance for lithic artefacts in both stratified and surface contexts, evaluation of local raw material availability (primarily flint), and rapid field assessment of finds for evidence of human modification, with stratigraphic and landscape documentation. The survey covered approximately 15 locations, including Kubachivka, Shutnivtsi-1 and -2, Ostrivets, Isakivtsi, Tsviklivtsi, Neporotove VI, Luka Vrublevetska etc. Several surveyed locations were not included in this summary, such as e.g. Vykhvatnivtsi (313 m a.s.l.), where the age of the deposits (Miocene, Znamianka Stage) is significantly older than the presumed period of human presence in the area. In several cases, surface concentrations of lithic artefacts (Kubachivka, Neporotove), artefact-like items in stratified contexts (Shutnivtsi-2, Ostrivets), as well as faunal remains in sandstones and fossil caves (Skelia Podilska, Synyakove) were discovered. However, most of the previously known faunal sites recorded in the mid-20th century have since been destroyed or heavily degraded. Consequently, the hypothesis of a potential association between Early Pleistocene megafaunal remains and evidence of human activity could not be verified. The results obtained provide grounds to infer multiple episodes of early human incursions into the Podillia region during the Early Pleistocene. This is supported by pronounced technological and morphological differences between the assemblages from Neporotove VI (likely associated with the Martonosha–Lubny (Cromerian) stage) and those from Kubachivka (tentatively linked to the Shyrokyne (Bavelian) stage). The more recent industries demonstrate the use of freehand core reduction, including retouched flakes and proto-bifacial forms, whereas the earlier assemblages are characterised by bipolar techniques and an archaic toolkit comprising choppers, segmented pebbles, and a small number of secondarily modified flakes. These industries share traits with roughly contemporaneous Early Palaeolithic sites in both Eastern and Southeastern Europe, at regional and broader scales. However, no clear cultural continuity is evident between them. This pattern suggests episodic, and cyclical process of pioneer colonisation of the area by small hominin groups across resource-rich landscapes offering access to raw materials, water, and abundant fauna.

O município deSão Lourenço do Sul no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul desenvolve em seu espaço rural o Roteiro de Turismo Rural Caminho Pomerano. Criado e implantado entre 2005 e 2007, o roteiro congrega seis propriedades rurais, onde são apresentados aspectos da história e da cultura pomerana. Entre as atividades propostas pelas propriedades estão: alimentação, apresentações sobre modos de fazer, contato com animais, degustações, exposições de objetos, histórias sobre os imigrantes pomeranos e varejo com produtos locais. O presente artigo objetiva apresentar e realizar uma aproximação entre aspectos histórico-culturais da etnia pomerana e atrativos turísticos presentes no roteiro. A pesquisa caracteriza-se por utilizar concomitantemente as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, sendo constituída de pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo. Aspectos histórico-culturais da imigração pomerana estão sendo revalorizados, inclusive pelos moradores de São Lourenço do Sul, a partir e por intermédio da atividade turística realizada no espaço rural do município. Turismo no espaço rural. Aspectos histórico-culturais.Roteiro de Turismo Rural Caminho Pomerano. São Lourenço do Sul (RS).

O municipio de Sao Lourenco do Sul no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul desenvolve em seu espaco rural o Roteiro de Turismo Rural Caminho Pomerano. Criado e implantado entre 2005 e 2007, o roteiro congrega seis propriedades rurais, onde sao apresentados aspectos da historia e da cultura pomerana. Entre as atividades propostas pelas propriedades estao: alimentacao, apresentacoes sobre modos de fazer, contato com animais, degustacoes, exposicoes de objetos, historias sobre os imigrantes pomeranos e varejo com produtos locais. O presente artigo objetiva apresentar e realizar uma aproximacao entre aspectos historico-culturais da etnia pomerana e atrativos turisticos presentes no roteiro. A pesquisa caracteriza-se por utilizar concomitantemente as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, sendo constituida de pesquisa bibliografica e pesquisa de campo. Aspectos historico-culturais da imigracao pomerana estao sendo revalorizados, inclusive pelos moradores de Sao Lourenco do Sul, a partir e por int...

The earliest manifestation of funerary monumentality in Central Europe is represented by long barrows from the 4th millennium BC. The latest discoveries suggest that it was the long barrows that initiated the tradition of shaping ritual landscapes. Besides their funerary function, these monuments also served as ancestral shrines. Current research indicates the existence of approximately a thousand-year hiatus in the use of these sacred places in Bohemia. Secondary burials associated with the Corded Ware and Únětice Cultures have been recorded in long barrows. Similar sequences can also be observed in other sites where evidence of long barrows is currently not secure. Beaker cultures of the 3rd millennium BC are represented primarily by funerary monuments in the form of round barrows. This form of funerary monuments did not evolve from the long barrows. On the contrary, it represents a new phenomenon originating from the North Pontic/Caspian region, associated with the Yamna Culture.

El Dolmen de Soto está considerado como un de los principales monumentos funerarios de paso neolíticos de la Península Ibérica. Situado en una llanura fértil y a unos 8,5 km al sureste de la ciudad de Trigueros, en Huelva, Andalucía, este monumento estuvo en uso hace unos 5.000 años y formó parte de una revolución cultural europea única en su género que incluyó la ornamentación de los espacios internos de muchos monumentos de paso. El yacimiento fue descubierto en 1923 por Armando de Soto Morillas y posteriormente excavado durante tres temporadas consecutivas por el arqueólogo alemán Hugo Obermaier. El pasaje y la cámara están construidos dentro de un montículo circular bajo que mide 75 m de diámetro, lo que lo convierte en uno de los mayores monumentos de tumbas de paso de Europa.

El Dolmen de Soto ha sido sometido recientemente a un importante programa de restauración y, como parte de este proyecto, un equipo de científicos internacionales investigó y registró, entre 2016 y 2017, imágenes grabadas y pintadas en las piedras verticales de las zonas de paso y de las cámaras mediante diversos métodos fotogramétricos. Esta publicación cuenta la fascinante historia del contexto arqueológico e histórico del yacimiento, junto con los métodos empleados y los impresionantes resultados del proyecto.

Like individuals, groups transform legacies to which they lay claim. Indeed, such claims require revision, for the past can only be securely ours if its features are uniquely suited to us -alien and inaccessible to others. These pasts are 'heritage', as opposed to a more widely agreed history. Groups reify collective memories ('partial histories') to cement the bonds that further their own aims. History is for all; heritage is for us alone". (Lowenthal 2013, 505) * To Kostas, in gratitude for his enduring friendship and invaluable inspiration.

paraître dans le volume II de la synthèse du programme Archaedyn, i e s ti e es territoires e Préhistoire o e e 2 , dont le premier volume est édité 2021 x P l'université -, dans la collection des Cahiers de la MSHE, série Dynamiques terri l l l l deuxième partie du volume, consacrée aux « Analyses régionales de la dynamique du peuplement ». Ce document fait référence méthodologie l l l l Dijon en 2008 et dans des publications ultérieures :