Juris Dzelme

Latvijas Universitate, Ķīmiskās Fizikas Institūts, Faculty Member

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My background is in physics. I am interested in psychology and philosophy. I aim to create useful models of mind and use them for the building of world view.
Address: Riga, Riga, Latvia

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Papers by Juris Dzelme

The interrelation between V 2 - and V 3 -centers in irradiated KCl crystals

Latvijas PSR Zinatnu Akademijas Vestis, Fizikas un Tehnisko Zinatnu Serija, 1979

Quantum chemical models of defects in thin silicon films

Opto-electronics Review, 2000

Structure and diffusion of oxygen and silicon interstitials in silicon

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 1999

Abstract Ab initio quantum chemical simulation of silicon interstitials and oxygen-related defect... more Abstract Ab initio quantum chemical simulation of silicon interstitials and oxygen-related defects O i , V–O 2 , and V–O 4 in oxygen-containing silicon was performed using the embedded molecular cluster model. The defect geometry and electronic structure were studied. The migration activation energy for O i defect was estimated as 2.73 eV at the atmospheric pressure, and 2.70, 2.68, and 1.92 eV for the lattice compressed by 0.25, 0.37, or 5.0 per cent, respectively. The activation energy of silicon interstitial is not changing with pressure. The molecular cluster used to simulate V–O 4 defect with C 2v symmetry was shown to have only slight deviation from D 2d at atmospheric pressure, a strong deviation at 5.0 per cent lattice compression, and two energetically near (by 0.15 eV) configurations at lattice compression 0.37 per cent, the less distorted configuration being lower in energy. The cluster used for V–O 2 defect (C 2v symmetry again) was shown to have only slight deviation from D 2d for all studied pressure values. The topographs showed significantly smaller size and higher concentration of defects in case of high-pressure treatment. Both theoretical and experimental results support our suggestion that high pressure increases the effective radius of O i interaction with nucleation centre and yields a lower preexponential factor of the diffusion coefficient due to O capture by nucleation centres.

Quality as a Tool for Managing Education

Human, Technologies and Quality of Education, 2022

Quality is linked to the need by management to optimise the conflicting requirements of minimum t... more Quality is linked to the need by management to optimise the conflicting requirements of minimum time and resources and maximum quality. This study analyses the relationship between four main quality definition groups and a behavioural model and education management tasks. Cognitive neurobiology capabilities and the use of the archetype of quaternality are shown. Given the unity of education as knowledge, skills, and attitudes, the importance of art and philosophy is assessed and the need to include attitudes, values, and morality as an essential part of quality culture is demonstrated. Successful quality culture development can be achieved through a harmonised use of all quality definition groups and by respecting values. The need to focus on the future is studied in relation to the challenges of digitalisation and globalisation. There are opportunities to modify the quality standards system based on the integration of context, input, processes, results, and feedback into the qualit...

Augstskolu un studiju programmu pasnovertesanas metodika

Available from Latvian Academic Library / LAL - Latvian Academic LibrarySIGLEMinistry of Educatio... more

Latvijas Republikas augstskolu studiju programmu pasanalizes izveidosana

Available from Latvian Academic Library / LAL - Latvian Academic LibrarySIGLEMinistry of Educatio... more

VET ecosystems and labour market integration of at-risk youth in the Baltic countries: implications of Baltic neoliberalism

Education + Training

PurposeThe paper seeks to disclose the features and implications of the neoliberal VET and employ... more PurposeThe paper seeks to disclose the features and implications of the neoliberal VET and employment policy agendas for the social and institutional VET ecosystems and the integration of at-risk youth in the labour market in the Baltic countries.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based on the comparative policy analysis approach with reference to the theories of social and skill formation ecosystems and the historical institutionalism perspective.FindingsThe research has revealed three interconnected and alternately/simultaneously applied development pathways in the skill formation and vocational education of at-risk youth in the Baltic countries: (1) the market-oriented approach based on fostering immediate employability based on the momentary skills needs in the economy; (2) the state-assistance approach based on ensuring equal access to the VET and employment services by the state and (3) the approach of systemic support to socially disadvantaged or at-risk young people ...

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Development of Household Income Towards Modern Welfare Economics in Latvia

Latvia in international comparisons is among the countries with rather low average income for hou... more Latvia in international comparisons is among the countries with rather low average income for households but rather high differences in income in households, especially in highest income households (richest quintile) characterised with significant indicators of variability in euro zone countries by Household and Consumption Survey conducted buy Bank of Latvia by methodology of European Central Bank in all eurozone countries and according EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) data. This current research is devoted to analysis of development of income and variability of income of hoseholds in Latvia in comparision with other OECD countries and eurozone countries. Research methods used: scientific publications and previous conducted research analysis, analysis of Household and Consumption Survey data, EU-SILC data on diferences in income depending household size, from regions and from territory (urban/rural), interviews of regional authorities on various income inequality reduction arrangements and applications in regions with lower income level. Data analysis methods: descriptive statistics (indicators of central tendency or locationarithmetic mean and median, indicators of variabilitystandard deviations, standard error of mean), cross-tabulations of household income by regions, by hosehold size, by territories, testing of statistical hypotheses on differences of arithmetic means by analysis of variance (ANOVA) for significance of income differences by regions and by household size. Results of analysis has indicated that Latvia has significant challenges where several innovative approaches could be applied to find best solutions for income inequality decrease and increase of overall satisfaction with life and support for economic development of the country.

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Some Aspects for Modern Solutions for Strengthening Social Resilience as Guarantee for the Future Well-Being of an Open and Inclusive Society

Social inclusion and reduction of inequalities is becoming an increasingly topical problem in a r... more Social inclusion and reduction of inequalities is becoming an increasingly topical problem in a range of OECD countries, due to the demographic structure of inhabitants and inequality of income, in many cases depending on labour contribution taking into account skills and competence often lacking for part of population gaining education many years ago. Big share of this part of the population currently is not able to keep the speed of technology development and increase of requirements for digital skills and internet use. The aim of the current research is to investigate possible solutions to address social inclusion by possible involvement in the labour market of different groups at risk-based on provision of digital skills, computer availability, as well as health conditions by regions in Latvia, by age groups, by gender, by employability status. The tasks of the research: analyse recent scientific findings on innovative approaches on involvement of different groups of inhabitants being at poverty risk into labour market and social inclusion, making them feel as valuable and esteemed members of the society; analyse data of several survey results: EU-SILC; Labour Force Survey and Survey on ICT skills for different groups of society in Latvia; analyse tendencies on internet use in Latvia by gender. Main research methods-analysis of previous conducted research results reflected in scientific publications and policy analysis documents; analysis of data of EU-SILC and Labour Force Surveys as well as survey results on ICT skills on aspects of digitalisation and willingness to be involved in training and improvement of skills to avoid social exclusion and poverty. Findings-different regions have different results in digital literacy, however, implementation of innovative approaches in inhabitants' involvement in labour market help to avoid or diminish social exclusion.

format_quoteTechnological advancement, particularly in AI, is leading to increased social stratification and necessitates solutions for societal cohesion.format_quote

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Role of Education and Training on Income in Different Regions of Latvia

Critical evaluation of the necessary changes of the interaction of employers, employees, local authorities, state and other stakeholders of the education system

Expansion of business creates globalization, which should be balanced by the localization and dev... more Expansion of business creates globalization, which should be balanced by the localization and development of adequate changes in education. Aim of the paper is to find the ways to solve the social problems linked with the globalization. The review of the existing problems reveals many shortcomings of the classical "free market" theory. The increased speed of exchange of information demands special care to improve the accessibility and quality of education, using lifelong learning and distance education. The appropriate attitudes, skills and knowledge should be proposed to support innovations, localization of economics and organization of interaction between employers, employees and other involved parties (state authorities, local communities) to cope with the future challenges. Research methods used in this paper are scientific publications and previous research analysis, statistical data analysis for the critical evaluation of social structure, interaction of people and possibilities for the cooperation. The dispersed knowledge, necessary for the successful action of economics belong to different actors. Creation of trust between all involved actors becomes more important now. Education must give not only skills and knowledge, but also attitudes and morality. All stakeholders of the education system should participate to support changes in education and lifelong learning according to the fast changes in the social structure. The main part of the interaction should be informal. Cooperation and negotiations, using local networks, are the most effective way to receive the knowledge and skills and to create trust and motivation. Innovations should be linked with the development of local networks and other necessary changes in the social structure. Informal regulations, trust and morality should support management. Humanities, art and philosophy must be used by the education system to form the attitudes and motivation.

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Social Inclusion Challenges for Different Society Groups in Latvia

Journal of Service, Innovation and Sustainable Development, 2021

Latvia has been receiving critical remarks from international institutions in regard to high leve... more Latvia has been receiving critical remarks from international institutions in regard to high level of social inequality of various groups in the society. Statistical data indicate that the society of Latvia has to address serious challenges in social inclusion, including several aspects in health care. The aim of the paper is to propose possible solutions for social inclusion of different society groups, especially in relation to health care aspects and including application of lifelong learning for health care for several society groups. Research approach to the problem: analysis of data obtained in representative survey 9280 respondents: health condition self-evaluation analysis by regions, by gender, by administrative territory, by age groups, by economic activity and by education level, as well as survey of social service representatives in municipalities in Latvia. For a more thorough data analysis (used evaluation scale 1-5) indicators of descriptive statistics are applied; crosstabulations; testing of statistical hypotheses with t-test and analysis of variance-ANOVA; correlation analysis. Research results indicate that the use of more diverse approaches of social marketing and lifelong education programs to inform and educate various groups of society on health care aspects might produce beneficial effects to decrease social inequality of different society groups.

format_quoteMental health issues have significantly worsened post-COVID-19, with depression rates doubling from 6.7% to over 12%.format_quote

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Pedagoģijas un reliģijas attiecību problēmas

Latvijas Universitātes raksti, 2018

Valsts atbalsts vērtību un tikumu veidošanai ar pedagoģijas palīdzību ir kļuvis par aktuālu uzdev... more Valsts atbalsts vērtību un tikumu veidošanai ar pedagoģijas palīdzību ir kļuvis par aktuālu uzdevumu. Morāles un tikumu pamatošanas uzdevums tradicionāli tiek risināts kristīgajā reliģijā un praktiski visās citās reliģiskajās uzskatu sistēmās. Pētījuma mērķis ir apvienot visas svarīgākās vērtības vienotā sistēmā un zinātniski pamatot konkrēto vērtību un tikumu saistību ar atsevišķu indivīdu un visas sabiedrības interesēm. Ņemot par pamatu sabiedrības un atsevišķa cilvēka objektīvās vajadzības, parādīta morāles un tikumības veidošanās un vērtību subjektīvā uztvere. Objektīvā, zinātniskā morāles izpēte salīdzināta ar reliģijas iespējām pamatot morāli. Raksturvārdi: attieksmes, emocijas, morāle, tikumība, vajadzības, vērtības. Ievads Uzticība citiem, ticība pasaules kārtībai ir nepieciešama sabiedrības normālai pastāvēšanai, cilvēku dzīvei un veiksmīgai sadarbībai, jo šaubīties par visu un censties pārbaudīt visu nav iespējams. Ir jāpieņem vecāku, iepriekšējo paaudžu sagatavotais kā pamats, uz kura tad var censties kaut ko darīt citādāk, apšaubīt, pārveidot atsevišķas daļas, bet ne visu uzreiz. Ticība veselajam saprātam, senču pieredzei faktiski ir jebkuras rīcības un izglītības pamatā. Reliģijai nepieder monopols uz uzticības un ticības jautājumiem, neskaidrību par ticības jautājumiem ir daudz, un tehnikas progress šīs neskaidrības nemazina. Zinātnes un tehnoloģiju sasniegumi rada ilūziju, ka racionālajam prātam viss ir sasniedzams, ka daba pakļaujas cilvēka gribai un cilvēks, atrazdamies centrā, valda pār pasauli. Faktiski arvien vairāk palielinās nekritiska, akla uzticēšanās tehnoloģijām, atkarība no piedāvātajiem informācijas avotiem. Tehniku cilvēks izmanto kā melno kasti, neiedziļinoties ne dabas, ne sabiedrības funkcionēšanas principos. Akla uzticēšanās tehnoloģijām un pieradums lietot īsu fragmentāru informāciju īsziņu formā rada sašķeltu, nekritisku domāšanu. Reakcija ir divējāda. No vienas puses, izplatās vērtību relatīvisms, galējs liberālisms un visatļautība, fragmentāra, uz indivīdu orientēta domāšana un pasaules uztvere, postmodernisms, dzīvesforma "uz virsmas" (Kūle, 2016). Kā pretstats pastiprinās vēlme atrast stingrus pieturas punktus, nemainīgas stabilas vērtības, skaidras, vienkāršas atbildes uz dzīves izvirzītajiem arvien sarežģītākajiem

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Arvalstu augstakas izglitibas sistemu un normativo dokumentu analize un salidzinasana

Available from Latvian Academic Library / LAL - Latvian Academic LibrarySIGLEMinistry of Science ... more

New Challenges of Economic and Business Development - 2012

Human centred approach in economics means, that should be investigated the main needs of each hum... more Human centred approach in economics means, that should be investigated the main needs of each human being and the ways, how to satisfy these needs using economics as a tool. We can use the well recognized classification of human needs, introduced by Abraham Maslow [1]. This classification includes: Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love and belonging, Esteem, Self-actualization. Economics usually deals with Physiological needs and Safety needs. Development of the Knowledge Society should push more interest to other needs. Science is the way how to create knowledge using money. Innovation is the way how to receive money using knowledge. People are ready to pay money, if they receive satisfaction of their needs. Self-actualization is a very wide group of human needs, which has not investigated in economics. Creation of the conditions, where people will have possibility to receive and to create new knowledge, could be put in the basis the important kind of innovations. This kind of in...

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Expectations by EmployersÂ on Skills, Knowledge andÂ Attitudes of Employees

Â Â Changes of the work conditions and technologies ask to change approach to the main principles... more

Objectives and Methodology of Evaluation of Higher Education Study Programmes

Triple Helix for Vet: New Challenges for Public Administration in Latvia

A high priority in the EU policy is establishing closer links among education, training, and work... more A high priority in the EU policy is establishing closer links among education, training, and work for skills’ upgrading and employability. This requires innovative and integrated approaches by the involved parties at all levels and sets also new tasks for public administrations in VET provision. The Triple Helix approach is well known in HE and research, implying co-operation among education institutions, public administrations, and enterprises. According to the authors’ research, this approach could be useful also in reforming VET systems to promote innovation and employability. The aim of the paper is to evaluate establishment of a model approach with Triple Helix idea for VET as a mechanism for public administrations at national and regional/community level to promote innovation and employability. The tasks are to determine effective ways of co-operation of educators, employers and public administration, and to evaluate the possible approaches. The study was carried out by a desk...

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Izglītība un ideoloģija

Valsts iedzīvotāju atvērta, nepretrunīga, pašsaskaņota un patriotiska pasaules uzskata un tikumīb... more Valsts iedzīvotāju atvērta, nepretrunīga, pašsaskaņota un patriotiska pasaules uzskata un tikumības veidošana ir valsts ilgtspējīgas attīstības galvenais nosacījums. Strauju izmaiņu dēļ visā pasaulē šis uzdevums jārisina, arvien aktīvāk iesaistot valsts izglītības sistēmu. Pētījums izglītības vadības jomā demonstrē iespēju atrast, izvēlēties un pilnveidot zinātniski pamatotus ceļus pasaules un sabiedrības izzināšanas principu un metožu sekmīgai lietošanai valsts atbalstītas ideoloģijas un morāles veidošanai. Māksla un filozofija jāizmanto zinātniska pasaules uzskata un tikumības pamatošanai un izplatīšanai, nodrošinot atvērtas sabiedrības ilgtspējīgu eksistenci.

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Augstākās izglītības studiju programmu izvērtēšanas mērķi un metodika

Juris Dzelme

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