Books by Sanindu Fonseka
Report Easter Sunday bombings Sri Lanka, 2024
This is the “Report of the committee of inquiry into intelligence coordination and investigative ... more This is the “Report of the committee of inquiry into intelligence coordination and investigative processes related to the Sri Lanka Easter Sunday bombings of 21st April 2019 produced by the committee chaired by retired Judge A.N.J. De Alwis”
In Professor Rohan Gunaratna's book, “Sri Lanka’s Easter Sunday Massacre - Lessons for the International Community”, he clearly explained Intelligence community of Sri Lanka produced 337 Intelligence reports referring to Zahran, ISIS and Muslim radicalisation from January 2015-April 2019.
However, The President Maithripala Sirisena and Prime Minister Ranil Wickramasinghe did not take action. The intelligence community should not be blamed. Easter attack is an operational failure - a failure to act on the part of Sri Lanka government.
Next Generation Drones and Modern Security Threats, 2023
Drone Cluster Technology refers to the use of multiple drones that work together in a coordinated... more Drone Cluster Technology refers to the use of multiple drones that work together in a coordinated manner to accomplish a task. This technology has a wide range of applications, including Military, Defence and Attack, aerial mapping, search and rescue operations, agricultural monitoring, and delivery services.
Male,India and Srilanka Aviation map, 2019
Maldives, India and Sri Lanka Based High Altitude Aviation Navigation Map
designed by Sanindu Foseka
This document describes the Global Positioning System (GPS) and procedures, methods and considera... more This document describes the Global Positioning System (GPS) and procedures, methods and considerations to be used and observed when using GPS to record location data in the field. Guidance is provided on accuracy requirements for various uses of location data and potential means to obtain the requisite accuracy. This document contains direction developed solely to provide internal guidance to SESD employees.
The world’s leading combat UAVs
The DFRC is located within Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB)
and is 65 miles (105 km) northeast of L... more The DFRC is located within Edwards Air Force Base (EAFB)
and is 65 miles (105 km) northeast of Los Angeles, California,
USA. It is from the DFRC facilities that the two Global Hawk
unmanned aircraft are being operated. This section describes
the aircraft, the DFRC facilities, and operational and
payload-related features, including those features that are
unique to the NASA Global Hawk system.
The NASA STI program operates under the
auspices of the Agency Chief Information
Officer. It coll... more The NASA STI program operates under the
auspices of the Agency Chief Information
Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for
archiving, and disseminates NASA’s STI. The
NASA STI program provides access to the NASA
Aeronautics and Space Database and its public
interface, the NASA Technical Report Server,
thus providing one of the largest collections of
aeronautical and space science STI in the world.
Results are published in both non-NASA channels
and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series,
which includes the following report types:
A New Tool for Earth Science Research -(Project Global Hawk) "DOC 2"
The NASA STI program operates under the
auspices of the Agency Chief Information
Officer. It coll... more The NASA STI program operates under the
auspices of the Agency Chief Information
Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for
archiving, and disseminates NASA’s STI. The
NASA STI program provides access to the NASA
Aeronautics and Space Database and its public
interface, the NASA Technical Report Server,
thus providing one of the largest collections of
aeronautical and space science STI in the world.
Results are published in both non-NASA channels
and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series,
which includes the following report types:
Papers by Sanindu Fonseka
FIBER-OPTIC DRONES ARE DETECTABLE — NOT UNBREAKABLE, 2026
The emergence of fiber-optic unmanned aerial systems (UAS) has introduced a significant technolog... more The emergence of fiber-optic unmanned aerial systems (UAS) has introduced a significant technological advancement in modern drone warfare and security operations. By utilizing physical fiber-optic communication links instead of conventional radio-frequency (RF) transmissions, these systems demonstrate a high degree of resistance to traditional electronic attack and RF jamming techniques. As a result, fiber-optic drones are frequently characterized as "jam-proof" or "unbreakable" platforms. However, such descriptions often overlook the broader operational environment in which these systems operate and the multiple vulnerabilities that remain exploitable through modern counter-UAS technologies.
This research examines the detectability and operational limitations of fiber-optic drones through a comprehensive analysis of contemporary surveillance, tracking, and countermeasure capabilities. The study evaluates the effectiveness of electro-optical, infrared, thermal, acoustic, and radar-based detection systems in identifying and tracking fiber-optic UAS despite their immunity to conventional RF interference. Particular attention is given to multi-sensor fusion architectures, which combine data from multiple detection sources to significantly enhance target identification, classification accuracy, and situational awareness.
The paper further investigates the continued dependence of many fiber-optic drone platforms on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), including GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou, for navigation, waypoint management, targeting, and mission execution. The research analyzes how GNSS spoofing, signal manipulation, navigation deception, and other electronic warfare techniques can influence navigation-dependent functions, potentially degrading mission effectiveness or causing operational failure.
The findings indicate that while fiber-optic drones represent a substantial challenge to conventional counter-drone strategies, they should not be regarded as invulnerable or undefeatable systems. Their physical, thermal, acoustic, and radar signatures remain detectable, and their supporting navigation systems may still be susceptible to sophisticated electronic warfare measures. The study concludes that integrated multi-layered counter-UAS architectures combining advanced sensors, artificial intelligence, electronic warfare assets, and sensor-fusion technologies can provide effective detection, tracking, and mitigation capabilities against fiber-optic drone threats.
This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on next-generation unmanned systems and provides strategic insights for military planners, security agencies, defense researchers, and policymakers seeking to understand and counter emerging fiber-optic drone technologies in future operational environments.
Keywords: Fiber-Optic Drones, Counter-UAS, Drone Detection, Electronic Warfare, GNSS Spoofing, Radar Surveillance, Thermal Imaging, Electro-Optical Tracking, Sensor Fusion, Military Technology, Defense Systems, Unmanned Aerial Systems.
Sanindu Fonseka, 2025
A kamikaze drone, also known as a loitering munition or suicide drone, is a type of unmanned aeri... more A kamikaze drone, also known as a loitering munition or suicide drone, is a type of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is designed to self-destruct upon reaching its target. Unlike traditional guided missiles, which follow a fixed trajectory, kamikaze drones can loiter (hover) in the air for an extended period, searching for suitable targets. Once a target is identified, the drone engages it by diving directly into it, detonating its onboard explosive payload. These drones are used to enhance the precision and flexibility of attacks by enabling operators to choose the optimal time for the strike, rather than committing to a fixed trajectory from launch. Key Characteristics of Kamikaze Drones: o Autonomous or semi-autonomous flight: Kamikaze drones use GPS, AI, and other sensors to navigate and target. o Precision targeting: Equipped with cameras, infrared sensors, or radar, these drones identify specific high-value targets. o Self-destruction mechanism: After impact, the drone self-destructs, delivering a devastating blow to the target.
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Books by Sanindu Fonseka
In Professor Rohan Gunaratna's book, “Sri Lanka’s Easter Sunday Massacre - Lessons for the International Community”, he clearly explained Intelligence community of Sri Lanka produced 337 Intelligence reports referring to Zahran, ISIS and Muslim radicalisation from January 2015-April 2019.
However, The President Maithripala Sirisena and Prime Minister Ranil Wickramasinghe did not take action. The intelligence community should not be blamed. Easter attack is an operational failure - a failure to act on the part of Sri Lanka government.
and is 65 miles (105 km) northeast of Los Angeles, California,
USA. It is from the DFRC facilities that the two Global Hawk
unmanned aircraft are being operated. This section describes
the aircraft, the DFRC facilities, and operational and
payload-related features, including those features that are
unique to the NASA Global Hawk system.
auspices of the Agency Chief Information
Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for
archiving, and disseminates NASA’s STI. The
NASA STI program provides access to the NASA
Aeronautics and Space Database and its public
interface, the NASA Technical Report Server,
thus providing one of the largest collections of
aeronautical and space science STI in the world.
Results are published in both non-NASA channels
and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series,
which includes the following report types:
auspices of the Agency Chief Information
Officer. It collects, organizes, provides for
archiving, and disseminates NASA’s STI. The
NASA STI program provides access to the NASA
Aeronautics and Space Database and its public
interface, the NASA Technical Report Server,
thus providing one of the largest collections of
aeronautical and space science STI in the world.
Results are published in both non-NASA channels
and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series,
which includes the following report types:
Papers by Sanindu Fonseka
This research examines the detectability and operational limitations of fiber-optic drones through a comprehensive analysis of contemporary surveillance, tracking, and countermeasure capabilities. The study evaluates the effectiveness of electro-optical, infrared, thermal, acoustic, and radar-based detection systems in identifying and tracking fiber-optic UAS despite their immunity to conventional RF interference. Particular attention is given to multi-sensor fusion architectures, which combine data from multiple detection sources to significantly enhance target identification, classification accuracy, and situational awareness.
The paper further investigates the continued dependence of many fiber-optic drone platforms on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), including GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou, for navigation, waypoint management, targeting, and mission execution. The research analyzes how GNSS spoofing, signal manipulation, navigation deception, and other electronic warfare techniques can influence navigation-dependent functions, potentially degrading mission effectiveness or causing operational failure.
The findings indicate that while fiber-optic drones represent a substantial challenge to conventional counter-drone strategies, they should not be regarded as invulnerable or undefeatable systems. Their physical, thermal, acoustic, and radar signatures remain detectable, and their supporting navigation systems may still be susceptible to sophisticated electronic warfare measures. The study concludes that integrated multi-layered counter-UAS architectures combining advanced sensors, artificial intelligence, electronic warfare assets, and sensor-fusion technologies can provide effective detection, tracking, and mitigation capabilities against fiber-optic drone threats.
This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on next-generation unmanned systems and provides strategic insights for military planners, security agencies, defense researchers, and policymakers seeking to understand and counter emerging fiber-optic drone technologies in future operational environments.
Keywords: Fiber-Optic Drones, Counter-UAS, Drone Detection, Electronic Warfare, GNSS Spoofing, Radar Surveillance, Thermal Imaging, Electro-Optical Tracking, Sensor Fusion, Military Technology, Defense Systems, Unmanned Aerial Systems.