Skip to main content

Orhan Kavak

Dicle University, Geological Engineering, Faculty Member

Followers

697

Following

320

Co-authors

13

Public Views

Orhan KAVAK received a B.S. degree (1988), an M.S. (1990) and a Ph.D. degrees (1997) from the istanbul University, all in geology. Since 1993, He has been working for Dicle University Engineering Faculty, Department of Mining Engineering as a Associate Professor with a focus on source rocks, oil, gas, and coal geology. Some of his current projects include delineation of hydrocarbon potential of Tertiary aged coal bearing sequ, hydrocarbon Seepage determination, characterization and solid bitumens and origin of hydrocarbons in Tertiary sedimentary Basins Turkey.

less

InterestsView All (23)

Uploads

Papers by Orhan Kavak

Pekmez Toprağı Olarak Kullanılan Ağır Metaller, Asbest ve Benzeri Minerallerin Beslenme Üzerine Etkileri

Orient, 2021

Kavak O. Pekmez Toprağı Olarak Kullanılan Ağır Metaller, Asbest ve Benzeri Minerallerin Beslenme ... more Kavak O. Pekmez Toprağı Olarak Kullanılan Ağır Metaller, Asbest ve Benzeri Minerallerin Beslenme Üzerine Etkileri, Editör/Editörler: Yusuf Kenan HASPOLAT, Ulaş Emre AKBULUT, Coşkun ÇELTİK, Kürşat Bora ÇARMAN ve Taşkın TAŞ, Çocuk Kronik Hastalıklarında Beslenme -2-, 28. Bölüm, Sayfa: 379-391, 1. Baskı, Ankara, Orient Yayınevi, 2021, ISBN: 978-975-6124-87-1.

The geochronology and origin of mantle sources for late cenozoic intraplate volcanism in the frontal part of the Arabian plate in the Karacadag neovolcanic area of Turkey. Part 2. The results of geochemical and isotope (Sr-Nd-Pb) studies

Journal of Volcanology and Seismology, 2012

A geochemical and isotope-geochemical (Sr-Nd-Pb) study has been carried out for the Kara cada neo... more A geochemical and isotope-geochemical (Sr-Nd-Pb) study has been carried out for the Kara cada neovolcanic area, which is situated within the frontal part of the Arabian plate. The obtained data and the results of petrological modeling show that the petrogenesis of parental magmas in the Karacada neovol canic area involved two compositionally different mantle sources; one consisted of garnet bearing peridotites of the asthenosphere mantle and the other was spinel bearing peridotites of the enriched subcontinental lithosphere mantle. During early stages in the evolution of the magmatic system, deep seated asthenospheric magmas were ascending to the surface while intensively interacting with the melts that had been generated at upper mantle depths. The interaction gradually diminished, so that the later effusive rocks mostly have com positions that are similar to those of the primitive asthenospheric magmas. It is shown that a significant (up to 17-18 wt % of the mantle melt) assimilation of crustal material could take place only during the initial phases of the magmatism. Periodic replenishment of the magma chambers by primitive magmas, which resulted in an observable high degree of homogeneity in the composition of young effusive rocks, was also of importance in the petrogenesis of lavas during the evolution of volcanic activity.

The bituminous mixtures of Kavuşan Höyük (SE Turkey) from the end of the 3rd millennium (2000BC) to the Medieval period (AD 14th century): Composition and origin

Organic Geochemistry, 2013

Bituminous mixtures were observed on potsherds at Kavus ßan Höyük, one of the rescue excavations ... more Bituminous mixtures were observed on potsherds at Kavus ßan Höyük, one of the rescue excavations along the Upper Tigris River in southeastern Turkey. Analysis of 26 samples from six periods spanning from the end of the 3rd millennium BC to the Medieval period (AD 14th century), has shown that bituminous mixtures possess the classical gross composition of most bitumen-bearing mixtures analysed in many archaeological sites of the Near East and the Gulf of Arabia. To search for the geological sources of bitumen, oil seeps, oil stained rocks and crude oils from Turkey and Northern Iraq were analysed as reference using the same geochemical tools: biomarkers and stable isotope composition. The principal conclusion is that the bitumen has been imported from the Eruh outcrop, 120 km east of Kavus ßan Höyük. Additionally, the bitumen from Eruh was imported to Kavus ßan over a long time period, from the end of the 3rd millennium BC to the AD 14th century.

ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL AND PETROGRAPHİCAL CHARACTERISTICSOF KARLIOVA HALIFAN (BINGOL) COALS

In this study, petrographic and organic geochemical characteristics of the Tertiary Karlıova-Hali... more In this study, petrographic and organic geochemical characteristics of the Tertiary Karlıova-Halifan coals (Bingöl) were investigated. Determination of coal quality was based on chemical (moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash) and elemental analyses (C, H, O, S, N). The values of the huminite reflectances in organic matter-rich coal levels change between 0.368 and 0.573 %, which correspond to low maturity levels. These parameters are in good aggrement with their fluorescence colors, calorific value (average original-2266, dry-3177 Kcal/kg, upper calorific value) and average T max (417 o C) values. The organic material in studied coals show low grade transformation due to low lithostatic pressure. Therefore, the petrographic characteristics and quality values of Karlıova Halifan coals suggest classification as sub-bituminous coal-Lignite. Rock Eval analysis results point to an immature to early mature hydrocarbon generation for hydrocarbon derivatives formed by type II/III and III kerogen with average T max values of 417 o C. The coals mainly constitute huminites, with small amounts of inertinite and liptinite type macerals. The Karlıova Halifan coals have high contents of ash and sulphur , clay and calcites as minerals, and gelinites as individual macerals.

$TOC: Total organic carbon (%), S;: mg HC\g rock, S»: Hydrocarbons formed as a result of disintegrations Kerogens (mg HC/ g TOC); S3: COs value (mg COs\g TOC), Trax: Maximum thermal value as S» gets to maximum level along Pyrolysis analysis; Hl: Hydrogen Index (mg HC/ g TOC), Ol: Oxygen Index (mg COs\g TOC), PI: Production index (mg HC\g TOC), So\S3: Hydrocarbon type index, PY: Potential efficiency (mg HC\g TOC).$

A geochemical study of bitumen residues on ceramics excavated from Early Bronze age graves (3000–2900 BCE) at Başur Höyük in SE Turkey

by Haluk Sağlamtimur, Jacques Connan, and Orhan Kavak

Eight black residues, scraped from outer surfaces of painted ceramics, unearthed from graves 1–3 ... more Eight black residues, scraped from outer surfaces of painted ceramics, unearthed from graves 1–3 at Başur Höyük (SE Turkey), were analysed by geochemical techniques in order to characterize bitumens and to try to identify their source. Ceramics are dated from the Early Bronze period (3100–2900 BCE). The black organic matter was indeed identified as bitumen, but its source has not been discovered despite its comparison with several oil seeps from the area. The bitumen at Başur Höyük does not match the bitu-mens analyzed at Kavuşan Höyük, Salat Höyük, Hakemi Use and Kuriki Höyük which are Cretaceous in origin and likely imported from the Eruh tars deposit. The stable carbon isotope values of their asphaltene fraction suggest a Silurian origin, however the occurrence of the 18a(H)-oleanane emphasized a younger source, i.e. Tertiary or Cretaceous. Our interpretation favours the mixture of two oils, a Silurian age and a Tertiary-Cretaceous age. This mixture may occur geologically, due to the uptake of a Tertiary signal by a Silurian oil along its migration route to the surface. It may also be a consequence of human activity carried out by the inhabitants at the mortuary ceremony where the bituminous mixture has been applied to ceramics, prior to their deposit in the graves. The oil seep character of the archaeological bitumen at Başur Höyük and the lack of obvious oxidation suggest the following explanation: freshly collected oil seeps were splashed on ceramics as ritual practices and the tarry potteries were then buried and therefore sealed. The fast burial prevented the bitumen from any oxidative alteration.

format_quotePreliminary isotopic data proposed a Silurian source for bitumen from Bas ßur Höyük, stimulating further research into its origin.format_quote

Identification and origin of bitumen in Neolithic artefacts from Demirköy Höyük (8100 BC): Comparison with oil seeps and crude oils from southeastern Turkey

by K. Imbus and Orhan Kavak

Organic Geochemistry, 2006

Two ring-like artefacts from the aceramic Neolithic site of Demirkö y Hö yü k in southeastern Tur... more Two ring-like artefacts from the aceramic Neolithic site of Demirkö y Hö yü k in southeastern Turkey were analysed using geochemical techniques in order to determine whether they were prepared using a bitumen amalgam or not. The artefacts, dated 8100 BC, are early evidence of the innovative use of a petroleum-based material to prepare pieces of ornaments (beads, rings, etc.) for the elite of a Neolithic settlement. In order to trace the source of the presumed bitumen, two oil seeps, Bogazkö y and Yes ßilli, were sampled. To complete the genetic references, geochemical data on crude oils from the main oil fields from the area were compiled.

Muş Ziyaretköy Kömürlerinin Petrografik ve Kimyasal Özellikleri

ÖZ Ülkemizin en önemli doğal enerji kaynağı kömür olup, son yıllarda tespit edilen yataklarla bir... more ÖZ Ülkemizin en önemli doğal enerji kaynağı kömür olup, son yıllarda tespit edilen yataklarla birlikte rezervlerimiz 14 milyar tonu geçmiştir. Her ne kadar kaliteli kömürler batı ve orta Anadolu'da bulunuyorsa da doğu Anadolu'da da bazı kömür yataklarımız bulunmaktadır. Muş yöresi kömürleri de bu kömürlerden biridir. Muş Ziyaretköy kömürleri Tersiyer (Pliyosen) yaşlı kömürlerdir. Bu çalışmada kömürlerin petrografi ve kimyasal özellikleri (nem, uçucu madde, sabit karbon, kül) belirlenmiştir. Toplam kalınlığı 0.9-3.6 metre arasında olan birçok kömür damarcığından oluşan bu kömürlerin ortalama alt kalorifik değerleri orijinal kömürde 1200 Kcal/kg civarıdır. Kül içerikleri orijinal bazda % 17-30 arasında olup, ortalama nem miktarları % 30 gibi hayli yüksek değerler sunmaktadır. Nem miktarının fazla olmasının Muş ovası yer altı su seviyesinin yüzeye yakın olması ve yüzey sularının etkisi ile arttığı düşünülmektedir. Kömürlerin baskın maseral grubu hüminit olup % 28-61, gelinit de en yaygın olanıdır. Liptinit oranı % 2-5, inertinit ise % 2-11 arasında bir değişim göstermektedir. Kömürlerin hüminit yansıma değerleri (Ro) % 0.104 ve 0.290 (standart deviasyon; % 0.01-0.02) arasında ölçülmüş olup, linyit kömürleşme düzeyine karşılık gelmektedir. Linyitlerin yansıma değerlerinin düşük olmasının nedeni muhtemelen iyi gömülmemiş olmaları ve tektonik aktivitelerden uzak olmalarıdır. Kömürler % 3-6 arasında pirit ve % 14-62 arasında kil ve diğer inorganik maddeleri içermektedir. Organik petrografi, kömür kalite verileri ve düşük olgunlaşma nedeniyle Muş kömürleri kötü kaliteli linyit kömürü olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Yapılan detay petrografik analizler bu kömürlerin gölsel bataklıklarda oluştuğunu göstermektedir. Kömürün toplam rezervi 6,2 milyon ton'dur.

Karlıova Halifan (Derinçay) Kömürlerinin (Bingöl) Petrografik Ve Kimyasal Özellikleri

Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi Kömür Potansiyelimiz ve Asfaltitlerimize Bir Bakış

Tarihi Diyarbakır Köprülerinin Mimari, Hidrolojik Ve Jeolojik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi

Tarihi yapılar bulundukları bölgelerde daha önce yaşamış insanların kültürlerini, alışkanlıkların... more Tarihi yapılar bulundukları bölgelerde daha önce yaşamış insanların kültürlerini, alışkanlıklarını, medeniyet düzeylerini, dini veya dünya görüşlerini, dillerini, kısaca tüm yaşamını yansıtmaktadır. Bu tür yapılar aynı zamanda yapıldıkları dönemlerde bulundukları bölgelerin hidrolojik, meteorolojik ve jeolojik özellikleri gibi doğal yapısı hakkında da bilgiler vermektedir. Bu nedenle bu tür yapıların fiziksel olarak korunması ve onlara ait detaylı bilgilerin bilimsel ve/veya kültürel belgelerle detaylı olarak kayıt altına alınması çok önemlidir. Bu amaçla mevcut çalışmada, Diyarbakır il sınırları içerisinde bulunan tarihi köprüler mimari, inşalarında kullanılan malzemeler jeolojik açıdan ve iki yakasını birleştirdikleri akarsular ise hidrolojik açıdan değerlendirilmiştir.

Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’ndeki Su Kaynaklarında Petrol Kirlilik Riskinin Araştırılması

Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesindeki Hidrokarbon (Petrol-Bitüm) Sızıntılarında Eser Element Tayini

Diyarbakır Tarihi Binalardaki Kaya Kolonların Jeolojik İncelemesi

The purpose of this study is to investigate lithological characteristics and the origin of the co... more The purpose of this study is to investigate lithological characteristics and the origin of the columns used in the historical buildings of Diyarbakir Old City. A total of 24 buildings (7 churches, 9 mosques, 2 hans, 4 traditional Diyarbakir houses and two towers on the city wall) are investigated for this purpose. The study is focused only on the cylindrical columns and the properties such as their architecture, locations in the building and their functions are not considered. The most populated building is the Great Mosque with 49 columns.

İç Anadolu Bölgesi Petrol/Bitüm Sızıntıları ve Petrol Sistemi Özellikleri

Yakındoğu ve Diyarbakır Çevresinde Meydana Gelen Tarihi Depremler ve Sosyo-Kültürel Etkileri

Diyarbakır ‘da Petrol Ve Çevresel Etkileri

Mart 2010 Kovancılar (Elazığ) Depremi (ML=5.9) Mikro-Deprem Gözlemleri

Türkiye’deki Petrol Sızıntılarının Organik Jeokimyasal Değerlendirmesi

Türkiye'nin Deprem Riski Yüksek-ancak Tektonik Rejimleri Farklı-Bölgelerinde Deprem Davranışının Çok Disiplinli Yöntemlerle Araştırılması Projesi

1 Mayıs 2003 Bingöl Depremi Artçı Deprem Çalışması Sonuçları