Papers by K Kuperan Viswanathan
Estimating the magnitude of money laundering in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): evidence from the currency demand approach (CDA)
Journal of Money Laundering Control
Purpose Despite the vulnerability of rapidly developing and emerging market economies, researcher... more Purpose Despite the vulnerability of rapidly developing and emerging market economies, researchers have paid less attention to the determination of the size of money laundering (ML) in these economies, including the United Arab Emirates (the UAE). Therefore, this paper aims to estimate the magnitude of ML in the UAE between 1975 and 2020 based on the currency demand approach (CDA). Design/methodology/approach The study uses the Gregory–Hansen cointegration technique alongside the autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing procedure to estimate the CDA model. Findings The results illustrate that an amount equivalent to about 19.034% of the GDP is laundered in the UAE between 1975 and 2020, on average, with the value lying between 15.129% and 23.121%. In addition, the results demonstrate the importance of the real estate market, gold trade, remittance channels and the size of the underground economy in facilitating the laundering of illicit funds in the country. Originality/value T...
Status of Sarawak fisheries : challenges and way forward / Wen Chiat Lee ... [et al.]
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Sarawak, Sep 10, 2020
National and intergovernmental regulation of fisheries has not been sufficient to prevent many fa... more National and intergovernmental regulation of fisheries has not been sufficient to prevent many failures of fisheries management at the global scale. International trade in fisheries is of the order of USD 10 billion annually, mostly from "South" to "North". Developing countries, particularly in Asia, benefit from this trade, and domestic fisheries generally, in terms of contributions to GDP but also to livelihoods and household security at the local level. All of these may be in jeopardy if fisheries management is not improved. However, small-scale fisheries in the tropics are characterized by open access and overlapping multi-species fisheries, fished with numerous gears and using a multitude of landing sites. This complexity in range of operation, the number of fishing groups and the subsistence orientation of some aspects of the production, differ markedly from industrial fisheries in developed countries. Developing country critiques of ecolabelling and the MSC initiative, as currently formulated, focus in five general areas: a) legitimacy and credibility, b) a mismatch between certification requirements and the reality of tropical small scale fisheries, c) potential distortions to existing practices and livelihoods, d) equity and feasibility, and, e) perceived barriers to trade. This paper reviews these developing country concerns on the basis of already certified fisheries, and experiences from forestry, aquaculture and the aquarium industry, as well examining precedents and trends in international environmental and trade issues. It is suggested that ecolabelling as currently presented is unlikely to be widely adopted in Asian countries. Certification may have sporadic success in some eco-conscious, or niche product, markets but will require greater participation of developing country fisheries to ensure a global improvement of fisheries management. 1 Unless specified, the word "fish" in this article is taken in the generic sense to include finfish, and other sea food including crustacea and mollusks.
Establishment of a working group of regional experts in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs); inventory ... more Establishment of a working group of regional experts in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs); inventory and status of existing MPAs; gap analysis;establishment of common data requirements and protocols;development of a regional action plan;training and capacity building; outreach activities; proposal f0r management of existing and creation of new MPAs.
Engineering Management Journal, 2018
The objective of this research is to analyze the relationships of project-related and organizatio... more The objective of this research is to analyze the relationships of project-related and organizational-related factors with five dimensions of project performance across different sectors of the construction industry. Data collected from the project managers and directors of 360 construction firms in Malaysia were analyzed using multiple-regression technique with size of the organization as a control variable. The important finding is that the effects of project-related and organizational-related factors differ by sector type and by dimensions of project performance. The findings of this study can help project managers devise and implement appropriate strategies to support project success.
Aquatic resources: collective management patterns and governance for the world's fish wealth
Researching the culture in agri-culture: social research for international development
Developing countries depend on agriculture as the basic driver for economic growth. Development p... more Developing countries depend on agriculture as the basic driver for economic growth. Development projects in rural areas are often driven by government initiative to bring development to the people. However, as the economy grows and urbanization proceeds, talent moves from agriculture to other sectors such as manufacturing and services. This results in a drain in entrepreneurship talent from agriculture to the other sectors of the economy. The exit of talent and entrepreneurship from agriculture to other sectors imposes a burden on the rural sector by depriving it of entrepreneurship and thus relegating rural economies to lower growth. The resulting lack of agriculture entrepreneurship in rural areas can impede the progress of the nation. In this paper, we discuss the reasons for entrepreneurship drain in the agriculture sector as a result of rural development and the challenges development planners face in attracting and keeping the talent and entrepreneurs in the agriculture sector...
Aquaculture provided 20% of global fisheries production and 29% of food fish in 1996. Much of the... more Aquaculture provided 20% of global fisheries production and 29% of food fish in 1996. Much of the production was from low income food-deficit countries (LIFDCs). Between 1990 and 1996, the average expansion rate of aquaculture in LIFDCs was nearly six times than in non-LIFDCs. The expansion in production is not free of problems, however. Environmental, biological diversity, socioeconomic, and consumer safety issues have been linked to intensive aquaculture. These problems are seen in the context of a need for good governance of aquaculture development. The socioeconomics of responsible aquaculture and approaches of good governance of aquaculture is examined in this paper.
Community Perspectives-Exclusivity of Rights
The objectives of the workshop were to review and update Marine Protected Area (MPA) data, finali... more The objectives of the workshop were to review and update Marine Protected Area (MPA) data, finalise policy briefs for each country and recommend future actions and policies for sustainable management of MPAs.
Linking Responsible Leadership and Sustainability Challenges
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education, 2020
Leadership in business and society is responsible for a large part of the decision-making related... more Leadership in business and society is responsible for a large part of the decision-making related to policymaking and resource allocation that in turn influences social and environmental outcomes and economic windfalls. The theory and practice of education and learning in business schools is being called on for reforms in order to nurture responsible leadership for business and society that may align well with the triple bottom-line challenge of sustainability (i.e., economic, social, and environmental). We can find state-of-the-art research studies from definition to historical evolution and dimensions of responsible leadership specifically related to corporate sustainability. The role of curriculum design is central to enabling business schools to nurture responsible leaders who are considerate toward the external effects of their internal decision-making, thus seeking to balance the broader stakeholders’ objectives. Several global initiatives have been undertaken by multilateral ...
International Journal of Economics and Finance, 2009
The aim of this paper is to examine the interaction between stock prices and exchange rates in Au... more The aim of this paper is to examine the interaction between stock prices and exchange rates in Australia. During the period of the study, the value of the stock market increased by two-thirds and the Australian dollar exchange rate appreciated by almost one-third. The empirical analysis employed provides evidence of a positive co-integrating relationship between these variables, with Granger causality found to run from stock prices to the exchange rate during the sample period. Although commodity prices have not been included, the significance of the results lends support to the notion that these two key financial variables interacted in a manner consistent with the portfolio balance model, that is, stock price movements cause changes in the exchange rate. This challenges the traditional view of the Australian economy as export-dependent, and also suggests that the Australian stock market has the depth and liquidity to adequately compete for both domestic and international capital against other larger markets.
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2018
This paper evaluates the theoretical and empirical basis of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) ... more This paper evaluates the theoretical and empirical basis of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) and Porter Hypothesis. The PHH claims that owing to international trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), the developing countries have become the pollution haven for the advanced countries. The Porter Hypothesis portraits an opposite picture than the PHH. According to, the Porter Hypothesis, the FDI in home country induce the induction of more advanced and clean technologies that lead to cleaner environment. In the literature, there is mixed support for these opposing hypotheses. This paper therefore, recommends further rigours research that aims at to find out the true link between trade, FDI and environmental degradation.
This paper examines the economic and environmental impacts of fisheries subsidies on the small sc... more This paper examines the economic and environmental impacts of fisheries subsidies on the small scale fisheries in Malaysia. The data for this study was obtained from interviews with 246 fishers from Kedah, Terengganu and Selangor states using a structured questionnaire. The study found that fishing effort and catch was significantly higher for commercial fishing boats operating in Zone B and Zone C compared to the artisanal fishing boats operating in Zone A. The results suggest that fishing effort and catch was partly attributed to the fuel subsidy in fisheries. Furthermore, the larger engine boats (B and C) gained substantial fishing income that seems to reflect unequal distribution of benefits because larger vessels were able to gain maximum benefits compared to the smaller boats. However, the poor fishers (boat A) were able to improve their livelihoods through various livelihood subsidies compared to the fishers with larger boats (B and C). The results suggest that current fisheries subsidies may not lead to sustainable fisheries and income of small scale fishers. Fisheries overexploitation cannot be reduced by elimination of subsidy, effective planning and designing of subsidy programmes may improve the wellbeing of fishers in Malaysia.
Ladies and Gentlemen, let me at the start thank SEAFDEC, ASEAN and the organizing committee of th... more Ladies and Gentlemen, let me at the start thank SEAFDEC, ASEAN and the organizing committee of this conference for inviting me to present some thoughts on this important issue of enhancing governance in fisheries management in Southeast Asia. ASEAN and SEAFDEC have been paving the way for enhancing better governance of the region's fisheries within the context of an ecosystems approach and have articulated the approach through the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) adopted in 1995 and in their regionalized CCRF (SEAFDEC, 2003) incorporating internationally accepted set of principles and guidelines for governance and best practices in fisheries development and management. ASEAN and SEAFDEC have also been responding to the other international instruments such as the International Plan of Action (IPOAs) on management of fishing capacity, conservation and management of sharks, reducing the incidental catch of seabirds, and illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, all of which are aimed at enhancing governance in fisheries management (Mahyam et al., 2011).
International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2017
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the relevancy of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) ... more The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the relevancy of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis to the environment problem of today world. According to EKC hypothesis, continuous economic growth eventually reverses the environmental degradation created at the early stage of economic development. This hypothesis emerged in the 1990s and led many serious commentators of economic development to assume that developing countries should focus on economic growth and any environmental problem would be automatically solved by the process of economic growth. The necessary message of EKC was “grow now clean later.” The empirical studies on EKC lead to the conclusion that EKC transition exists only for local pollutants. We found that EKC empirical literature is not econometrically sound and the relationship of many types of pollutants with income has not been tested yet due to the non-availability of data. We also conclude that EKC transition is not Pareto efficient and EKC growth s...
International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 2017
Owing to the competition global level economy of world and pattern are promoting to the construct... more Owing to the competition global level economy of world and pattern are promoting to the construction firms to increase into emerging economies. Entry mode has become important for firms. The present paper aims to explore the entry modes which are preferred by construction firms in Malaysia, for their international projects, on whether construction firms choose equity modes, non-equity modes or both modes. 19 questionnaires were filled by respondents by using cross-sectional data technique. This study found that country specific factors (cultural differences and target country risk) influence the entry mode of firms directly and through knowledge and transactional cost economics by applying the multinomial logistic regression. This study contributes theoretically and practically along with this; present study recommends that government should improve internal and external factors to enter the firms for economic development. 
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Papers by K Kuperan Viswanathan