Papers: National Child Traumatic Stress Network by Ernestine C. Briggs
Full citation:
Kisiel, C., Fehrenbach, T., Liang, Li-Jung, Stolbach, B., McClelland, G., Grif... more Full citation:
Kisiel, C., Fehrenbach, T., Liang, Li-Jung, Stolbach, B., McClelland, G., Griffin, G., Maj, N., Briggs, E.C., Vivrette, R.L., Layne, C.M., & Spinazzola, J. (2014). Examining Child Sexual Abuse in relation to Complex Patterns of Trauma Exposure: Findings from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 6(Suppl 1), 2014, S29-S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0037812
Abstract:
Chronic, interpersonal traumas within the caregiving system are associated with a range of symptoms, functional impairments, and trauma history profiles. This study utilized data from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN) Core Data Set (CDS) to examine the role of child sexual abuse in combination with other types of caregiver-related trauma (physical abuse, domestic violence, emotional abuse, neglect, and impaired caregiving). These trauma composites were assessed in relation to clinical profiles, including mental health symptoms, risk behaviors, and functional difficulties. Groups included multiply traumatized youth with a documented history of: (a) 3 or more caregiver-related traumas with co-occurring sexual abuse (CR CSA group, N 501); (b) 3 or more caregiver-related traumas without co-occurring sexual abuse (CR group, N 1,108); and (c) 3 or more noncaregiver-related traumas (e.g., medical trauma, natural disaster, physical/sexual assault; non-CR group, N 142). Youth with caregiver related traumas had significantly earlier onset and longer duration of traumas compared to other traumatized youth. Child sexual abuse had an additive and potent predictive effect on clinical profiles, even in combination with other caregiver-related traumas. Although youth with caregiver-related traumas exhibited significant attachment problems, youth with sexual abuse in particular had higher levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and received higher ratings for symptoms of depression, suicidality, and sexualized behaviors in comparison with the other 2 groups. Findings suggest that careful mapping of trauma history, including age of onset, duration, and co-occurrence of trauma exposure in childhood, can provide a foundation for a more refined developmental approach to the scientific investigation, clinical assessment, and treatment of children with complex histories of trauma in childhood.
Keywords: child sexual abuse, complex trauma, complex PTSD, clinical profiles
Papers by Ernestine C. Briggs
Overview of Child Maltreatment
Sexual Risk Taking Behaviors Among African American Adolescent Mothers: An Ecological Perspective
172 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999.Young African American wom... more 172 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1999.Young African American women of childbearing age are at high risk for Human Immunodeficency Virus (HIV) exposure and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Using an ecological perspective, this study examined the influence of several individual, familial, and neighborhood factors on the sexual risk behaviors of 137 African American adolescent mothers. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed the complex pattern of interrelated factors associated with sexual risk behavior. More specifically, gaps in AIDS knowledge, as well as high levels of depression and stress were associated with engagement in risky sexual behavior. Additionally, relative isolation paired with economic strain and residence in urban neighborhoods marked by racial homogeneity and limited education were also associated with risky sexual behavior. Conversely, residence in neighborhoods marked by limited resources paired with high levels of maternal support was associated with lower levels of sexual risk-taking behavior. These findings when taken together highlight the importance of an ecological approach in understanding risky sexual behavior among African American adolescent mothers. Implications for AIDS related intervention and prevention programs are also discussed.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD
Treatment Considerations for Youth Exposed to Interpersonal Violence
Springer eBooks, 2020
Psychological Services, Aug 1, 2020
Ongoing and comprehensive assessment is a critical part of the implementation of evidence-based c... more Ongoing and comprehensive assessment is a critical part of the implementation of evidence-based care; yet, most providers fail to routinely incorporate measurement into their clinical practice. Few studies have focused on the complex application of routine assessment or measurement-based care (MBC) with children. This pilot examined the acceptability, appropriateness, adoptability, and feasibility of an MBC effort, the Clinical Improvement through Measurement Initiative (CIMI), across several child-serving settings (e.g., community mental health center, residential treatment facility). CIMI includes a comprehensive mental health assessment protocol and combines a mobile technology platform with implementation support. Survey and focus group information, assessing implementation constructs and outcomes, was collected from 44 clinicians and staff. Overall, participants agreed that the implementation process and technology were acceptable, appropriate, and feasible for use in child mental health and that CIMI can be used to guide case conceptualization, facilitate treatment planning, and monitor outcomes. Strategies that supported the implementation process were identified as were recommendations to enhance adoption. Significant differences were observed by Community versus Specialized settings with respect to feasibility and appropriateness, likely because of factors associated with inner setting (climate, compatibility), outer setting (patient needs), and the phase of implementation achieved by sites. Implications and recommendations for tailoring MBC implementation by characteristics related to setting are discussed. MBC across child service settings are discussed in the context of implementation frameworks.
Advancing Equity in Youth Mental Health Services: Introduction to the Special Issue (Part II)
Evidence-based practice in child and adolescent mental health, Apr 3, 2023
Overview of Child Maltreatment
Springer eBooks, 2020
Historical and Racial Trauma: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Black Americans
Issues in clinical child psychology, 2023
Translating cultural assets research into action to mitigate adverse childhood experience–related health disparities among African American youth
American Psychologist, Feb 1, 2021
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) including trauma exposure, parent mental health problems, fa... more Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) including trauma exposure, parent mental health problems, family dysfunction, and community-level adversities put individuals at risk for a host of negative health outcomes. The effects of cumulative ACEs are numerous, diverse, and can predispose an individual to cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physical health problems as well as premature death. African American youth experience disproportionate exposure to ACEs in the context of racism that increases risk for allostatic load and hinders systems of care responses resulting in physical and mental health disparities. To maximize efforts to mitigate these disparities it is imperative that we translate research into action to respond to ACEs in the context of racism. This article synthesizes African American cultural assets research within a resilience after trauma framework to provide a foundation for translating research into action to mitigate ACE-related disparities among African American youth. We present task shifting and youth-partnered advocacy as two strategies supported by this framework and describe their application to responding to ACEs in the context of racism. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Network analysis of exposure to trauma and childhood adversities in a clinical sample of youth
Psychological Assessment, Nov 1, 2019
Categorizing and quantifying exposure to trauma and childhood adversities (CAs) presents a signif... more Categorizing and quantifying exposure to trauma and childhood adversities (CAs) presents a significant measurement and analytic challenge. The current study examined the co-occurrence of trauma and CA types using network analyses, an alternative to traditional measurement models. The Trauma History Profile, assessing lifetime exposure to 20 different trauma and CA types, was administered to 618 treatment-seeking children and youth ages 4 to 18 years (52.8% female). The generalized similarity model (Kovács, 2010) was used to construct a network of trauma/CA types to visualize relationships and detect cohesive groups. Four clusters of trauma/CA types emerged: overt forms occurring at the individual level (e.g., physical, sexual, and psychological maltreatment), environmental forms at the family level (e.g., neglect, impaired caregiving), environmental forms occurring at the community level (e.g., community and school violence), and acute forms (e.g., loss, medical trauma). Age of onset data indicated that neglect and psychological maltreatment were most predictive of later occurrences of other trauma and CAs. Structural equation modeling indicated that trauma/CA clusters displayed specific associations with posttraumatic stress, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms. Results demonstrate the potential utility of network analysis to understand the co-occurrence and temporal ordering of multiple types of trauma and CAs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
Addressing Systemic Racism in the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children Publications
Child Maltreatment
The United States continues to grapple with longstanding policies and systems that have adversely... more The United States continues to grapple with longstanding policies and systems that have adversely impacted historically marginalized communities who identify (and are racialized) as non-White. These stem from a legacy of structural and systemic racism, and the long-term consequences of sanctioned colonization. This legacy rests upon a field of scholarly research that is similarly fraught with white supremacy. As a field, we must examine the process of producing and publishing the body of evidence that has codified harmful policies and practices. Although racial and ethnic disparities have been discussed for decades in the child welfare and health systems, systemic racism has received comparatively little attention in academic research and journals. In this commentary, the authors detail concrete steps over the coming years that will advance diversity, equity, inclusion and justice through American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children’s (APSACs) flagship journal, Child Maltr...
Index to Child Maltreatment
Child Maltreatment, 2004
Predictors of symptom severity and change among youth in trauma-informed residential care
Child Abuse & Neglect, Mar 1, 2023
Maltreatment and Adolescence
Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 2011
Adolescence marks a time of significant transition across a variety of domains, including physica... more Adolescence marks a time of significant transition across a variety of domains, including physical, emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal development. The consequences of abuse and neglect on these developmental changes and challenges are extremely complex. This article reviews issues salient to the short- and long-term consequences of maltreatment experiences among adolescents. The key topics that are addressed include definitional considerations in the classification of abuse and neglect, the incidence and prevalence of adolescent maltreatment, and an ecological perspective on risk and protective factors. Research findings related to deleterious behavioral, physical, and psychological effects of maltreatment are explored, as well as the significant societal and economic implications of maltreatment. Finally, evidence-based approaches to clinical care and directions for prevention efforts are examined.
Advancing Equity in Youth Mental Health Services: Introduction to the Special Issue (Part I)
Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health
Journal of Traumatic Stress, 2020
Shifts in migration and border control policies may increase the likelihood of trauma exposure re... more Shifts in migration and border control policies may increase the likelihood of trauma exposure related to child-parent separation and result in costs to the health system and society. In the present study, we estimated direct and indirect costs per child as well as overall cohort costs of border control policies on migrant children and adolescents who were separated from their parents, detained, and placed in the custody of the United States following the implementation of the 2018 Zero Tolerance Policy. Economic modeling techniques, including a Markov process and Monte Carlo simulation, based on data from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network's Core Data Set (N = 458 migrant youth) and published studies were used to estimate economic costs associated with three immigration policies: No Detention, Family Detention, and Zero Tolerance. Clinical evaluation data on mental health symptoms and disorders were used to estimate the initial health state and risks associated with additional trauma exposure for each scenario. The total direct and indirect costs per child were conservatively
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Papers: National Child Traumatic Stress Network by Ernestine C. Briggs
Kisiel, C., Fehrenbach, T., Liang, Li-Jung, Stolbach, B., McClelland, G., Griffin, G., Maj, N., Briggs, E.C., Vivrette, R.L., Layne, C.M., & Spinazzola, J. (2014). Examining Child Sexual Abuse in relation to Complex Patterns of Trauma Exposure: Findings from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 6(Suppl 1), 2014, S29-S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0037812
Abstract:
Chronic, interpersonal traumas within the caregiving system are associated with a range of symptoms, functional impairments, and trauma history profiles. This study utilized data from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network (NCTSN) Core Data Set (CDS) to examine the role of child sexual abuse in combination with other types of caregiver-related trauma (physical abuse, domestic violence, emotional abuse, neglect, and impaired caregiving). These trauma composites were assessed in relation to clinical profiles, including mental health symptoms, risk behaviors, and functional difficulties. Groups included multiply traumatized youth with a documented history of: (a) 3 or more caregiver-related traumas with co-occurring sexual abuse (CR CSA group, N 501); (b) 3 or more caregiver-related traumas without co-occurring sexual abuse (CR group, N 1,108); and (c) 3 or more noncaregiver-related traumas (e.g., medical trauma, natural disaster, physical/sexual assault; non-CR group, N 142). Youth with caregiver related traumas had significantly earlier onset and longer duration of traumas compared to other traumatized youth. Child sexual abuse had an additive and potent predictive effect on clinical profiles, even in combination with other caregiver-related traumas. Although youth with caregiver-related traumas exhibited significant attachment problems, youth with sexual abuse in particular had higher levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and received higher ratings for symptoms of depression, suicidality, and sexualized behaviors in comparison with the other 2 groups. Findings suggest that careful mapping of trauma history, including age of onset, duration, and co-occurrence of trauma exposure in childhood, can provide a foundation for a more refined developmental approach to the scientific investigation, clinical assessment, and treatment of children with complex histories of trauma in childhood.
Keywords: child sexual abuse, complex trauma, complex PTSD, clinical profiles
Papers by Ernestine C. Briggs