Papers by Ashok K . Mukhopadhyay
Personal website Publication, 2026
Science doesn't crawl;itleaps.
Between 1885 and 1926, f classical and quantum
Physics radically t... more Science doesn't crawl;itleaps.
Between 1885 and 1926, f classical and quantum
Physics radically transformed our
understanding of material reality.
Exactly one century later, spanning
1985 to 2026, an identical evolutionary pulse shifting to your
paradigm toward consciousness. Nine foundational discoveries in physics are perfectly mirrored, exactly a century later, by nine paradigm-shifting breakthroughs in post-materialistic science.
Springer Conference Proceedings, 2026
Consciousness has been the subject of scientific study for the last four decades. Still, we are n... more Consciousness has been the subject of scientific study for the last four decades. Still, we are not clear about what purpose this research serves and where this academic exercise begins. We have been pursuing it without any breakthrough. One reason is our assumption that consciousness is sourced in the brain. The present paper presents a different narrative, assuming that extracerebral and cerebral consciousness interact at the top of the cerebral cortex, with spatiotemporal dynamics and antennae dynamics. This different approach opens up multiple new doors for science.
Philadelphia Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Pediatric Patients
This is a multi-disciplinary book series, ranging from astrophysics to biology, chemistry, mathem... more This is a multi-disciplinary book series, ranging from astrophysics to biology, chemistry, mathematics, geophysics and materials science. Its primary scope is the fundamental science and associated engineering wherever cyclic and rhythmic oscillations are observed. Time neither being an entity nor a process is unmeasurable and undefined, although a clock only measures the passage of time. The clock drove recurring processes are observed in the biological rhythms, astrophysical and geophysical environments. Always, the clocks are nested, arranged in a geometric shape to govern a phenomenon in nature. These clocks are made of atoms, molecules, their circuits, and complex networks. From biology to astrophysics, the clocks have enriched the science and engineering and the series would act as a catalyst and capture the forthcoming revolution of time cycles expected to unfold in the 21st Century. From the cyclic universe to the time crystal, the book series makes a journey through time to explore the path that time follows. The series publishes monographs and edited volumes.
Published in personal website
Tracing a missing child, Handwriting recognition, AI-based detection of Kismet Robot (Reciprocal ... more Tracing a missing child, Handwriting recognition, AI-based detection of Kismet Robot (Reciprocal facial expression following eye-contact) Educations: Preparation of Course Contents, Group discussions. Procedural Training by AI-Assisted Simulation; procedures may be simple, or even complicated, like Neurosurgery Diagnostics: Imaging & Image Analysis in Medicine* Therapeutics: Robotic drug delivery. A surgeon's AI glass may guide his steps during an operation. Several examples, where AI is used for making the disabled Able, Voice-synthesis neuroprosthesis e.g., an AI-assisted piano allows a cerebral palsy patient to perform Beethoven, AI helps children with different tasks, AI-assisted cooking by the disabled, etc. Research: Highly accurate prediction of Protein Structure with AI AlphaFold** of Google done in minutes instead of years. AI-assisted Satellite Data helping uncover Ocean's 'dark vessels'*** AI in places where human beings cannot go: Robotic 'Super Monster Wolves', guarding Japanese towns against bears. AI-Drone, Bomb disposal Robot, Anti-submarine Sea hunter, etc., etc.
Published in Personal website, 2026
Against the backdrop of the overhyped and technologically limited state of AI, further complicate... more Against the backdrop of the overhyped and technologically limited state of AI, further complicated by societal issues, I have engaged in some loud, critical thinking that spans systems science, technology, and spiritual wisdom. My focus is on the foundational fundamentals of the systems psyche and the fundamental information-states. I have emphasized the important lessons that can be drawn from insights into cell biology. From the terrace of this building, I share some of my constructive and disruptive ideas regarding AI's hardware, software, and cloud technologies. My goal is to develop a biologically inspired system technique that positions AI as a constructive friend for humanity, fully acknowledging its limitations.
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, Aug 1, 2014
INTRODUCTION AND METHODS : Early diagnosis of sepsis is extremely important to reduce high mortal... more INTRODUCTION AND METHODS : Early diagnosis of sepsis is extremely important to reduce high mortality and morbidity. In the present study, clinical usefulness of the VCS parameters (mean channels of cell volume, conductivity, and light scatter) in neutrophils was analysed for predicting acute bacterial infection, which are obtained by the Coulter LH 750 hematology analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA) during automated differential counts. RESULTS: Peripheral blood samples from 162 patients with positive blood cultures for bacteria and 40 healthy controls were studied. We observed a significant increase in the mean channel of neutrophil volume (MNV) from septic patients compared with control subjects (156 ± 13.5 vs 143 ± 4.8; P < .001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: An elevation of the MNV was associated with a higher WBC count and percentage of neutrophils and was present even in patients who did not have leucocytosis or neutrophilia. With a cutoff of 150 for the MNV, a specificity of 91% and sensitivity of 70% were achieved. As a quantitative, objective, and more sensitive parameter, we propose that the MNV has a potential to be an additional indicator for acute bacterial infection.
Journal of Pathology Research Review & Reports, 2025
There is a science behind the development and storage of memory. There is a technology of recalli... more There is a science behind the development and storage of memory. There is a technology of recalling, retrieving, and utilizing stored 'information' , that includes data, non-digitized information, knowledge, experience, and wisdom. We do not know either. Therefore, we have failed to develop memory in AI. However, even a single biological cell is aware of this science and technology of memory. Some molecules operate as substrates for memory. The cell applies this knowledge and technology in its day-today activities of the metabolomes, proteomes, genomes, and epigenomes through signalosomes, organelosomes etc. Intention-based holonomic memory communication between cells happens through exosomes or extracellular vesicles, even breaking through Weismann's Barrier.
Seminar on Death Dying and Beyond, 2002
Starting from NDE, the complete experience of Death may be jotted down into five phases. The Art... more Starting from NDE, the complete experience of Death may be jotted down into five phases. The Article describes these five phases in the language of Neuroscience. The described neurodynamics opens up several doors to investigate death phenomenon from the Third Person's perspectives.
Neurology & Neuroscience, 2025
Consciousness never sleeps. During sleep consciousness is engaged in quality assurance of rest fo... more Consciousness never sleeps. During sleep consciousness is engaged in quality assurance of rest for the system psyche, nervous system, and other systems of the body through a mammoth of silent activities. Neural correlates of sleep are important but not sufficient to understand sleep. The article discusses several models of the psyche participating in the mechanism of sleep. The models also offer clues how psychic mechanisms could interact with neural mechanisms. Two psycho-maneuvering techniques have been described that help many to have quality sleep.
Multiversal Consciousness: The Peer, the Point of Reference, and the Meme, 2025
As we think of, hear about or imagine the objective existence of multiple universe(s), the multiv... more As we think of, hear about or imagine the objective existence of multiple universe(s), the multiverse, our individual brain-confined consciousness scratches this multiversal consciousness and creates a powerful meme for all flag-bearers of consciousness. We bring the endless sky within our brain. This sets the 'standard' for investigation of consciousness within and outside the head letting different kinds of boundaries to disappear with 'precision'. These boundaries are the layers of our mind. Consciousness has no boundary. Excessive mind activity is a spoiler of peace for the neurons. Consciousness, however, is neuroprotective and so also the dreamless sleep. Their relationship has also been explored in this article.
Amercan Journal of Neurological Research, 2025
We have wasted almost a century by not building a science of ZPE state / fluctuations, which appe... more We have wasted almost a century by not building a science of ZPE state / fluctuations, which appears to be the fountainhead of discovery in science. The most valuable instruments available to science at this juncture of time are human brains poised at different brain-states equivalent to or approximation of physical ZPE state/fluctuations. This article describes the known facts of the physical vacuum, pulls up different brainstates which could be equivalent to ZPE states of the brain, describes the possible players involved in brain-vacuum interaction, visualizes the consequences of this interaction in cognitive evolution of the mankind and rediscovering brain functions. The article hints at the possibility of a discovery of a 'brain-washing machine' in precision medicine, and the techniques for harnessing dark energy.
Investigation on astrocytes, the largest number of cells in the brain, although ignored for a lon... more Investigation on astrocytes, the largest number of cells in the brain, although ignored for a long period in neuroscience for different scientific mindsets, has been changing slowly for the last twenty five years. Their relationship has transcended from master-servant relation to partnership in metabolic signaling and exchange of useful resources, close friendship with sharing of vital information, and coupling for psychic and emotional relationship. Understanding that neuroscience of consciousness is not the cake-walk of the neurons alone, this paper looks at neuro-astro companionship from the viewpoint of neuroscience of consciousness through the transparency of the yang-yin metaphor. The set perspective leads us to investigate this special companionship in the context of the Buddha-state of the brain.
American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research, 2024
where the brain operates as natural, formal, informational (codal), live, and conscious system to... more where the brain operates as natural, formal, informational (codal), live, and conscious system to make the unknown imaginable, imagined intelligible, intelligible possible, possible verifiable, and verifiable verified. Consciousness, on the other hand, as a non-observable and influential, supports the brain’s reflex activities, upholds habituated acts, and participates in cognitive functions. Consciousness uses the brain to make its political statements by asserting its “will”/“won’t”, in developing multisystem concurrence, creativity, and exhibiting holonomic group behavior, and leadership
Lipids in Health and Disease, Jul 14, 2006
Adaptation of assays on dried blood has advantages of ease of collection, transportation, minimal... more Adaptation of assays on dried blood has advantages of ease of collection, transportation, minimal invasiveness and requirement of small volume. A method for extraction and estimation of triglyceride from blood spots dried on filter paper (Whatman no. 3) has been developed. A single dried blood spot containing 10 μL blood was used. Triglyceride was efficiently extracted in methanol from blood dried on filter paper by incubation at 37°C for two hours with gentle shaking. For the estimation, a commercially available enzymatic method was used. Blood spot assays showed mean intra and inter assay coefficient of variance of 6.0% and 7.4% respectively. A comparison of paired whole blood spots and plasma samples (n = 75, day 0) gave an intraclass correlation of 0.96. The recovery was 99.6%. The dried blood triglyceride concentrations were stable for one month when the filter discs were stored at room temperature (16-28°C). Storage of filters at 4°C extended the stability and triglycerides could be quantatively recovered after 3 months of storage.
Thromboelastography - Viscoelastic Haemostatic Assay (VHA) Versus Routine Plasma Based Coagulation Parameters in Trauma Patients to Detect Coagulopathy within 24 Hrs After Injury
Blood, 2011
5248 In India trauma related deaths occur every 1.9 minutes. Mortality in severe traumatic injury... more 5248 In India trauma related deaths occur every 1.9 minutes. Mortality in severe traumatic injury (ISS>16) is six times higher in developing country like India. Coagulopathy is observed in almost 25– 30% of trauma patients which itself is an independent risk factor for haemorrhage. Coagulopathy detected early after injury is indicative of injury severity and itself is a prognostic factor for mortality. Aim To find out the usefulness of thromboelastography (TEG) in detecting coagulopathy in contrast to conventional methods of plasma based standard coagulation parameters (PT, aPTT, TT, fibrinogen, D-dimer) Objective To detect coagulopathy early by TEG in trauma patients within 24 hrs after injury which can be useful to guide haemostatic therapies to reduce mortality. Materials and methods Patients admitted to trauma casualty were studied within 24 hrs after injury. Native whole blood was withdrawn through venepuncture appropriately in syringe using 21G needle and TEG was performed ...
Coagulation Factor V-Major Survival Predictor in Patients of Viral Hepatitis Induced Acute Liver Failure
Blood, 2007
In acute liver failure, variables favoring survival of patients is based on age, interval between... more In acute liver failure, variables favoring survival of patients is based on age, interval between onset of jaundice and encephalopathy, coagulation factor level but all these variables were concluded from the studies that were conducted in Western population where etiology most commonly is paracetamol poisoning and metabolic disorders like Wilson’s disease; where as in Indian subcontinent set up major causative factor is viral hepatitis. Thus we exploited the database collected by observational study to investigate major predictors of survival in viral hepatitis induced acute liver failure. Among 40 patients followed for 1 month(7days) or less if died, there were 12 patients who survived. Tha analysis showed that patients who survived had factor V level on day 3 of diagnosis was in the range of 10%–25% and who died had factor V level below 10% (p<0.004). Thus factor V level on day 3 of diagnosis may help in predicting survival in patients of acute liver failure, thus help in tria...
Immature Platelet Fraction As a Measure of Thrombocytopenia in Trauma Patients and Its Cut off Value with Severity of Thrombocytopenia
Blood, 2011
4681 Thrombocytopenia is common finding in trauma patients. However, platelet count fluctuates wi... more 4681 Thrombocytopenia is common finding in trauma patients. However, platelet count fluctuates widely. Therefore, Immature Platelet Fraction is being studied for whether it can complement the platelet count. Immature platelet fraction (IPF ) is a measure of reticulated platelets (RPs), which represents the state of thrombopoiesis. IPF is obtained from an automated haematology analyzer. It is proportional to reticulated platelets and expressed as percentage of Total optical count. Aim To establish cut off value of IPF (%) with increasing severity of thrombocytopenia in trauma patients which can be useful for diagnosis and monitoring of the cases. Material and methods Total 69 patients admitted in J.P.N Apex trauma centre (AIIMS) were studied within first 24 hrs after injury. Peripheral blood was collected in K2EDTA tube for measurement of platelet count using a fully automated analyzer Sysmex XE 2100 (Japan). RET channel was selected for the measurement of IPF%.The patients were cate...
Serum cytokines and anxiety in adolescent depression patients: Gender effect
Psychiatry Research, 2015
The present study compares the serum cytokine levels between adolescent depression patients and h... more The present study compares the serum cytokine levels between adolescent depression patients and healthy controls and assesses correlation between depression, anxiety scores and serum levels of eight cytokines. Study also checked the variation in serum levels with medication status (medication free/naïve vs. patients on medication). Following clinical and psychometric assessment of 77 adolescent (aged 13-18 years) depression patients (49 males and 28 females; 56 medication free/naïve) and 54 healthy controls (25 males, 29 females), eight cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, TGF-β1 and IL-17A {denoted IL-17 throughout}) were measured in serum using ELISA. Depressed adolescents had significantly high levels of IL-2 (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001) and IL-6 (p=0.03) as compared to controls. The female population skewed the result of one cytokine (IL-6) in patients. Anxiety scores showed positive correlation (only in female patients) with IL-1β, IL-10 and negative correlation with TGF-β1 and IL-17. The gender effect in relationship between anxiety and cytokines was not straightforward. On comparing study groups on the medication/naïve status, IL-2 and TGF-β1 showed significant difference between the groups (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001, p=0.007 higher in medicated). Depression in adolescents was associated with elevation of proinflammatory serum cytokines with a gender bias for females. Anxiety scores correlated negatively with TGF-β1 and IL-17.
Apo E genotyping from blood stored on filter paper
The Indian journal of medical research, 2012
Dried blood spotted on to filter paper has been found suitable for a large number of studies. In ... more Dried blood spotted on to filter paper has been found suitable for a large number of studies. In tropical countries with varying temperature conditions the use of dried blood needs to be validated. We carried out this study to assess the use of blood spotted filter paper as a transport system to study genotyping of Apo E gene. Fifty five patients visiting Cardiothoracic Neuroscience Centre (CNC) OPD at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, and referred for lipid investigations to Cardiac Biochemistry Laboratory were selected at random. Blood was spotted on to Whatman 3 MM filter paper, dried and stored at room temperature. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotyping was carried out at the end of 0, 3 and 12 months. The study was further validated using samples collected on to filter paper from four centres and stored for eight years at room temperature. The temperature and humidity conditions of the centre varied widely. Fifty five samples collected on to filt...
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Papers by Ashok K . Mukhopadhyay
Between 1885 and 1926, f classical and quantum
Physics radically transformed our
understanding of material reality.
Exactly one century later, spanning
1985 to 2026, an identical evolutionary pulse shifting to your
paradigm toward consciousness. Nine foundational discoveries in physics are perfectly mirrored, exactly a century later, by nine paradigm-shifting breakthroughs in post-materialistic science.