Environment, Resources and Development Court (ERDC) Regional NRM Boards (7 out of 8 regions have ... more Environment, Resources and Development Court (ERDC) Regional NRM Boards (7 out of 8 regions have coastline) Local government areas with coastline (33 out of 64 have coastline) Policies, Plans, Strategies (by year)
Obesity, with its related problems, is recognized as the fastest growing disease epidemic facing ... more Obesity, with its related problems, is recognized as the fastest growing disease epidemic facing the world, yet we still have limited insight into the regulation of adipose tissue mass in humans. We have previously shown that adipose-derived microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) secrete a factor(s) that increases proliferation of human preadipocytes. We now demonstrate that coculture of human preadipocytes with MVECs significantly increases preadipocyte differentiation, evidenced by dramatically increased triacylglycerol accumulation and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity compared with controls. Subsequent analysis identified fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 as an adipogenic factor produced by MVECs. Expression of FGF-1 was demonstrated in MVECs but not in preadipocytes, while preadipocytes were shown to express FGF receptors 1–4. The proliferative effect of MVECs on human preadipocytes was blocked using a neutralizing antibody specific for FGF-1. Pharmacological inhibition of FGF-1 signaling at multiple steps inhibits preadipocyte replication and differentiation, supporting the key adipogenic role of FGF-1. We also show that 3T3-L1 cells, a highly efficient murine model of adipogenesis, express FGF-1 and, unlike human preadipocytes, display no increased differentiation potential in response to exogenous FGF-1. Conversely, FGF-1–treated human preadipocytes proliferate rapidly and differentiate with high efficiency in a manner characteristic of 3T3-L1 cells. We therefore suggest that FGF-1 is a key human adipogenic factor, and these data expand our understanding of human fat tissue growth and have significant potential for development of novel therapeutic strategies in the prevention and management of human obesity.
13C sucrose breath test- A novel non-invasive test for sucrase activity
Evolution of sustainable coastal management and coastal adaptation to climate change
Nick Harvey, Beverley Clarke, Nicole Pelton and Taryn Mumfor
A novel breath test for the Non‐invasive assessment of small intestinal mucosal injury following methotrexate administration in the rat
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2004
N. S. Pelton, D. R. Tivey, G. S. Howarth, G. P. Davidson & R. N. Butler Centre for Paediatric... more N. S. Pelton, D. R. Tivey, G. S. Howarth, G. P. Davidson & R. N. Butler Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Gastroenterology, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia; Child Health Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Disciplines of Physiology, Paediatrics and Animal Sciences, Adelaide, South Australia; and School of Pharmaceutical, Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
The use of restricted access solid phase extraction for [11C](R)-PK11195 radiometabolite measurements
Obesity, with its related problems, is recognized as the fastest growing disease epidemic facing ... more Obesity, with its related problems, is recognized as the fastest growing disease epidemic facing the world, yet we still have limited insight into the regulation of adipose tissue mass in humans. We have previously shown that adipose-derived microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) secrete a factor(s) that increases proliferation of human preadipocytes. We now demonstrate that coculture of human preadipocytes with MVECs significantly increases preadipocyte differentiation, evidenced by dramatically increased triacylglycerol accumulation and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity compared with controls. Subsequent analysis identified fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 as an adipogenic factor produced by MVECs. Expression of FGF-1 was demonstrated in MVECs but not in preadipocytes, while preadipocytes were shown to express FGF receptors 1–4. The proliferative effect of MVECs on human preadipocytes was blocked using a neutralizing antibody specific for FGF-1. Pharmacological inhibiti...
Mucositis is a debilitating side-effect of chemotherapy which affects the mucosa of the gastroint... more Mucositis is a debilitating side-effect of chemotherapy which affects the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly the small intestine. Currently there are no simple, noninvasive methods to detect and monitor small intestinal function and the severity of mucosal damage. Activity of the brush-border enzyme sucrase provides an indicator of small intestinal absorptive function that remains relatively constant throughout life. Measuring 13 CO 2 levels in expired breath following ingestion of 13 C-sucrose is a non-invasive marker of total intestinal sucrase activity. We evaluated the sucrose breath test (SBT) as an indicator of small intestinal injury and dysfunction, utilizing a rat model of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. SBT results reflected the time-course of damage and repair after methotrexate (MTX) treatment, with damage most severe 72 h after chemotherapy, and repair commencing after 96 h. SBT results correlated significantly with jejunal sucrase activity determined biochemically (r 2 = 0.89; p < 0.005). Moreover, calcium folinate ingested prior to chemotherapy totally prevented damage to the small intestinal mucosa induced by MTX, as assessed by the SBT in concert with structural, and biochemical indices. The SBT provides a simple, non-invasive, integrated measure of small intestinal damage and function. The SBT holds significant potential to monitor small intestinal function in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This technique possesses further applicability to the screening of newly-developed agents for potential gastrointestinal toxicity including the development of new therapies targeted at minimising or preventing the onset of chemotherapy-induced mucositis.
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Papers by Nicole Pelton