Rina Ramirez

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Análisis morfológico comparativo de las estructuras reproductivas masculinas de los géneros Orthopterygium y Amphipterygium (Anacardiaceae)

Revista Peruana de Biología, Jul 21, 2017

Los autores no incurren en conflictos de intereses.

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Análisis de diversidad genética de aguaje de Mauritia flexuosa (arecaceae) mediente marcadores microsatélites

Identificación Molecular De Virus Que Infectan Con Fitoplasmas en Cultivos De Zanahoría en Perú

En estos ultimos anos, la zanahoria esta siendo afectada por el virus en co-infeccion con fitopla... more En estos ultimos anos, la zanahoria esta siendo afectada por el virus en co-infeccion con fitoplasmas en el Valle del MantaroPeru produciendo 20-98% de incidencia. Los objetivos fueron identificar molecularmente los virus y fitoplasmas de zanahoria que causan el complejo del achaparramiento, para determinar el rango de huespedes y el modo de transmision. Se recolectaron muestras de zanahoria con sintomas de amarillamiento, morateo y encrespamiento a fin de extraer el ARN total. La identificacion molecular de los virus aislados de zanahoria se realizaron por la secuencia de las moleculas de siRNA en el Genoma Analizador “Genoma Analizador IIx de Illumina”, Plan-les-quater, Suiza. Estos fragmentos de siRNAs, que consta de ARN de doble cadena de 20-21 nucleotidos (nt) perfectamente complementarias, que se genera por la presencia de ARN de los virus que infectan zanahoria, fueron transcritas y amplificados por PCR inversa. El analisis de las lecturas se realizo mediante el uso de la “se...

Morpho-anatomy of two species of the genus Omalonyx (Mollusca, Pulmonata, Succineidae) with new occurrence for Minas Gerais, Brazil

Inventario de las palmeras de la vertiente occidental del Perú

Arnaldoa, 2018

Resumen Los Andes generan tres cuencas hidrograficas: las vertientes del Pacifico, Atlantico y el... more Resumen Los Andes generan tres cuencas hidrograficas: las vertientes del Pacifico, Atlantico y el sistema endorreico de altura del lago Titicaca. En Peru, las palmeras son mayormente diversificadas y documentadas en la vertiente oriental (cuenca atlantica), en comparacion a la cuenca pacifica, donde la escasez en la distribucion de palmeras es evidente ante el extenso desierto de Peru-Chile. El presente trabajo busca inventariar y determinar la distribucion de las palmeras de la vertiente occidental de Peru. Se realizo revision bibliografica y de muestras de herbarios de la zona de estudio, completada por nuevas colectas de especimenes en las provincias de Santa Cruz y San Miguel (Cajamarca). Se registraron 7 especies de palmeras distribuidas en 4 generos, siendo de mayor representatividad el genero Ceroxylon , con 4 especies, seguido de Geonoma , Chamaedorea y Aiphanes con una especie cada uno. En Cajamarca se registro a Ceroxylon quindiuense , C. parvifrons , C. parvum, C. vogelianum y Geonoma undata, asimismo en Tumbes se registro a Chamaedorea linearis y Aiphanes eggersii . La representatividad del genero andino Ceroxylon se debe a la dispersion y la continuidad o subcontinuidad pasada de los bosques nublados con la vertiente interandina en la deflexion de Huancabamba. Geonoma undata ha sido registrada en una sola localidad (Monteseco), ausente en bosques cercanos y aislada de las poblaciones de la vertiente oriental. Aiphanes eggersii es una palmera endemica de los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos (BTES) de Tumbes compartidos por Peru y Ecuador, mientras que Chamaedorea linearis es una especie de amplia distribucion andino-pacifica, con presencia en el bosque montano subhumedo de Tumbes. La deflexion Amotape-Huancabamba permitio un flujo entre la vertiente occidental y oriental que explica la presencia de especies de palmeras de los generos Ceroxylon y Geonoma; para Ceroxylon, esta region biogeografica fue un lugar de especiacion por la presencia de especies endemicas Ceroxylon parvum, C. peruvianum y C. quindiuense (peruana). Palabras clave: Andes, bosque nublado seco, bosque tropical estacionalmente seco, cuenca pacifica de Peru. Abstract The Andes Mountains generate three hydrographic basins: The Pacific and the Atlantic basins, and the high elevation endorheic system of Lake Titicaca. In Peru, palm trees are largely diversified and documented in the eastern side of the Andes (Atlantic basin), in comparison to the Pacific basin, where the scarcity in the distribution of palm trees is evident before the extensive desert of Peru-Chile. This study seeks to inventory and determine the palm tree distribution in the Pacific basin of Peru. A bibliographical review and examination of herbarium collections from the study area where done, this was complemented with new specimens collected in the province of Santa Cruz (Cajamarca). A total of 7 species of palm trees were registered, distributed in 4 genera; genus Ceroxylon with greatest presence, with 4 species, followed by Geonoma , Chamaedorea and Aiphanes with one species each one. The species found in Cajamarca are: Ceroxylon quindiuense , C. parvifrons , C. parvum, C. vogelianum and Geonoma undata, and in Tumbes: Chamaedorea linearis and Aiphanes eggersii. A good representation of the Andean genera Ceroxylon is due to the dispersion and continuity or previous subcontinuity of the cloud forests with the inter-Andean slopes at Huancabamba deflection. Geonoma undata was registered in one location (Monteseco), but it is absent in nearby forests and isolated from populations of the eastern slopes. Aiphanes eggersii is an endemic palm tree of Tumbesian seasonally dry tropical forests shared by Peru and Ecuador, while Chamaedorea linearis is a species of wide Andean-Pacific distribution, with presence in subhumid montane forest of Tumbes. Amotape-Huancabamba deflection allowed a flow between the western and eastern slopes which explains the presence of palms species of the genera Ceroxylon and Geonoma ; for Ceroxylon this biogeographic region was a place of speciation due to the presence of endemic species Ceroxylon parvum, C. peruvianum and C. quindiuense (Peruvian). Keywords: Andes Mountains, dry cloud forest, seasonally dry tropical forest, Peruvian Pacific basin.

The Neogene rise of the tropical Andes facilitated diversification of wax palms (Ceroxylon: Arecaceae) through geographical colonization and climatic niche separation

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016

The tropical Andes are a biodiversity hotspot, partly due to their rich and complex floristic com... more The tropical Andes are a biodiversity hotspot, partly due to their rich and complex floristic composition. A fundamental question regarding this outstanding biodiversity is what role the Andean orogeny has played in species diversification. Ceroxylon is a genus of endemic Andean palms that stands out in the palm family (Arecaceae) due to its adaptation to cold, mountainous environments. Here, we reconstruct the biogeography and climatic preference of this lineage to test the hypothesis that Andean uplift allowed diversification by providing suitable habitats along climatic and elevational gradients. Ancestral areas were reconstructed under a model allowing for founder-event speciation and climatic niches were inferred from climatic variables at present-day occurrences of all species. Niche evolution in a phylogenetic framework was evaluated by testing differences between the climatic niches of clades. Our analyses identified four main clades, with a general pattern of diversification through geographical colonization from south to north after the Pliocene uplift of the northern Andes. Adaptation to low temperatures was conserved at the generic level, with climatic niche differentiation among clades along elevational temperature gradients. We conclude that the Neogene Andean uplift has facilitated the diversification of this iconic plant group via opportunities for geographical migration and separation within its climatic niche.

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Redescription of Helicina weyrauchi Haas, 1948 (Helicinidae) from the Marañón Dry Forest of Northern Peru

Malacologia, Sep 10, 2020

ABSTRACT The original description of Helicina weyrauchi Haas, 1948, was based on shell material, ... more ABSTRACT The original description of Helicina weyrauchi Haas, 1948, was based on shell material, as is the case for several helicinids in South America. We redescribe the species based on freshly collected material and provide the first anatomical description of a member of Helicinidae from northern Peru. The shell is characteristically white, with the first three whorls dark yellow; mantle with irregular dark spots on the dorsal surface, two pairs of odontophore cartilages and a narrow middle one. The male reproductive system consists of a prostate with glandular and collector regions, while the female reproductive system has a small and ovoid seminal receptacle, elongated provaginal sac with irregular projections with its stalk joining mesially, and oviduct aperture in the cloaca, near the mantle border. Records of H. weyrauchi are limited to the seasonally dry tropical forest of the Marañón River, which might indicate that this species is endemic to this ecosystem.

Comparative Mitogenome Analysis of Two Native Apple Snail Species (Ampullariidae, Pomacea) from Peruvian Amazon

Apple snails of the genus Pomacea (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae) are native to the Ne... more Apple snails of the genus Pomacea (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae) are native to the Neotropics and exhibit high species diversity. They hold cultural and ecological significance, serving as an important protein source in Peru. However, this genus has also received broad interest worldwide due to its invasive capacity, especially in Southeast Asia, where some species such as Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) and P. maculata Perry, 1810 are considered significant pests. Consequently, most genetic studies have focused almost exclusively on these invasive species. In contrast, few efforts have been made to understand the evolutionary relationships of the South American native species, especially at the genomic level. In this study, we assembled and annotated the mitochondrial genome of two Pomacea species native to the Peruvian Amazon: Pomacea reevei Ampuero & Ramírez, 2023 and P. aulanieri (Deville & Huppé, 1850). Through a comprehensive comparison with available mitogeno...

format_quoteBoth P. reevei and P. aulanieri contain 37 genes and a large non-coding region, yet circular assemblies were not achieved due to repetitive sequences.format_quote

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A generic analysis of the family systrophiidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) : taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Kansas, Systematics and Ecology, 1993

Biodiversity and taxonomy of punctoid micromollusks from southern Brazil, with description of a new species of Radiodiscus from the «Mata Atlántica» (Atlantic Rain Forest) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata)

Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, 2007

Biodiversity and taxonomy of punctoid micromollusks from southern Brazil, with description of a n... more Biodiversity and taxonomy of punctoid micromollusks from southern Brazil, with description of a new species of Radiodiscus from the «Mata Atlántica» (Atlantic Rain Forest) (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata). Species in Charopidae and Punctidae from the «Centro de Pesquisas e Conservação da Natureza Pró-Mata (CPCN Pró-Mata)» (Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul) and Thiele's collection are studied. The native species

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Description of two new species of apple snail (Ampullariidae: Pomacea) from Peruvian Amazonia

Zootaxa

Two new species of apple snails are described, Pomacea penai sp. nov. and Pomacea reevei sp. nov.... more Two new species of apple snails are described, Pomacea penai sp. nov. and Pomacea reevei sp. nov. that are used as food resources in Peruvian Amazonia. We used anatomical and conchological features to diagnose these two species. Pomacea penai sp. nov. is characterized by a highly variable shell morphology, spire that is prominent to immersed, apical penis sheath gland covering 1/3 penis sheath and elongated basal gland, prostate broad proximally, reduced stomach septum, green eggs, and commonly inhabits temporary flooded areas, creeks, and oxbow lakes. Pomacea reevei sp. nov. possesses a large shell, ranging from 81–137 mm, grey broad penis sheath, small apical penis sheath gland and the basal gland covering 1/3 penis sheath, tall stomach septum, white eggs, and found in deep lentic water bodies.

Who is Andesiops peruvianus (Ulmer, 1920) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)? New insight from the type basin using morphological and molecular analyses

Zootaxa

Andesiops peruvianus (Ulmer, 1920) is a small minnow mayfly with a distribution throughout the An... more Andesiops peruvianus (Ulmer, 1920) is a small minnow mayfly with a distribution throughout the Andes Mountains, mainly in lotic environments. In recent years, the taxonomic status of the species has been shifting, even finding out molecular and morphological evidence to consider it as a cryptic species. In this work, we collected seven specimens of A. peruvianus from the Lake Titicaca in Peru, the type locality and perform molecular and morphological analyses to test their relationship with specimens from other regions. The species delimitation analysis revealed the existence of five MOTUs for specimens identified as A. peruvianus along the Andes Mountains, while the Lake Titicaca specimens formed a single MOTU with high interspecific distance. In this MOTU were found specimens with different types of abdominal gills, from translucent to markedly tracheated supporting the hypothesis of phenotypic plasticity at the abdominal gill level. Also, an extension in the range of tarsal claw ...

Do not judge a snail by its shell: molecular identification of Pomacea species (Gastropoda: Ampullariidae), with particular reference to the Peruvian Amazonian giant apple snail, erroneously synonymized with Pomacea maculata

Archiv für Molluskenkunde International Journal of Malacology

The conservation of non-marine molluscs in South America: where we are and how to move forward

Biodiversity and Conservation

Anatomy of a commercial apple snail from the Peruvian Amazon

Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2017

Erratum to Biodiversidad y taxonomia de micromoluscos Punctoidea del sur de Brasil, con la descripcion de una nueva especie de Radiodiscus de la Mata Atlantica (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata), [Rev. Mus. Arg. Cienc. Nat. n.s. (2007), 9, 2, 205-230]

Identificación molecular y relaciones evolutivas de Pomacea nobilis, base para la autenticación específica del churo negro de la Amazonia peruana

Revista Peruana de Biología, 2020

En la Amazonia Peruana los caracoles dulceacuícolas de la familia Ampullariidae son conocidos com... more En la Amazonia Peruana los caracoles dulceacuícolas de la familia Ampullariidae son conocidos como churos y originalmente han sido descritas para Perú alrededor de 20 especies. Aunque son muy usadas para alimentación, medicina tradicional y objeto de muchos estudios para su cultivo e industrialización, solamente es mencionada en la literatura la especie Pomacea maculata. Se llevó a cabo la identificación molecular sobre la base del marcador mitocondrial COI, de individuos de churos negros (Pomacea) comercializados en los mercados de Iquitos, así como los usados en platos a la carta en la ciudad de Lima, contrastados con otros individuos de procedencia de su hábitat natural. Se encontró que estos especímenes expendidos corresponden a la especie Pomacea nobilis (Reeve, 1856). El análisis filogenético molecular mostró que P. nobilis es especie hermana de P. guyanensis, en el grupo de P. glauca, distantemente relacionada de P. maculata. Las distancias no corregidas encontradas entre ell...

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Fishes from Yarinacocha lake: an emblematic Amazonian ecosystem in the lower Ucayali River basin, Pucallpa, Peru

Biota Neotropica

The Yarinacocha lake is an emblematic ecosystem of the Peruvian Amazon, representing the main poi... more The Yarinacocha lake is an emblematic ecosystem of the Peruvian Amazon, representing the main point of fish landing and a tourist attraction in the city of Pucallpa. The wide fauna diversity in this area has made it the target of various studies, although for fish species most of them were focused on commercial species. In this work, we carried out the first ichthyofauna species inventory of the Yarinacocha lake, sampling throughout the entire lake during the rainy and dry seasons and considering also all previously recorded species deposited in the Ichthyological Collection of the MUSM with the same locality. A total of 164 fish species were recorded, representing 10 orders (plus Eupercaria), 34 families and 116 genera. Characiformes was the order with more species (68 spp., 41.5%) followed by Siluriformes (59 spp., 36%), Cichliformes (17 spp., 10.5%), and Gymnotiformes (8 spp., 4.9%). The most highly represented families, including almost 55.5% of the total diversity obtained, wer...

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Morfometria e análise do crescimento da concha de drepanostomella iheringi (Clessin, 1888) (mollusca, gastropoda, systrophiidae)

Descrição, variação biométrica e análise do crescimento da concha de uma população de helicina lamarck, 1799 (mollusca, gastropoda, prosobranchia, helicinidae) do Rio Grande do Sul

Os caracóis do gênero Helicina são um dos poucos representantes dos gastrópodes prosobrânquios qu... more Os caracóis do gênero Helicina são um dos poucos representantes dos gastrópodes prosobrânquios que habitam ambientes terrestres, predominantemente nos trópicos. Na América do Sul a sua taxonomia é pouco conhecida e ainda menos os aspectos ecológicos das espécies. Com o objetivo de avaliar caracteres diagnósticos e as possíveis variações intrapopulacionais de Helicina aff. carenata d`Orbigny, 1835 do Pró-Mata (Centro de Pesquisa e Conservação da Natureza) São Francisco de Paula, RS, estudou-se as características externas e biométricas da concha. Foram analisados 77 espécimes, dos quais uma concha de adulto e outra de juvenil, juntamente com o opérculo, foram examinadas na MEV. Para a análise biométrica foram usadas 11 variáveis: altura e diâmetros maior e menor da concha; altura e largura maior da abertura; altura da carena; altura e diâmetro da espira (total, parcial direita, parcial esquerda) e número de voltas. A Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) foi usada na avaliação da variação intrapopulacional levando em conta as 11 variáveis e as análises bivariadas na avaliação do crescimento em relação à altura da concha, com os programas SPSS e EXCEL respectivamente. Como primeiro resultado diferencial encontrou-se um grupo de adultos com a borda externa da abertura expandida, com um mínimo de 3, 95 voltas, altura maior 6, 72mm (± 0, 44) e diâmetro maior 8, 64mm (± 0, 58). A concha tem ornamentações onde predominam as linhas espirais, que nos adultos analisados são pouco visíveis devido ao desgaste. O opérculo é de forma triangular, com núcleo de crescimento excêntrico e linhas de crescimento quase imperceptíveis. Na ACP formaram-se dois agrupamentos, um pelos adultos e subadultos e outro pelos demais. A maior variação encontrou-se entre os adultos, o responsável pela discriminação, além do tamanho, foi a variação da altura da espira. Enquanto às análises bivariadas, o incremento do número de voltas em relação ao crescimento em altura da concha apresentou um índice claramente alométrico (b= 0, 526), já o diâmetro da concha, assim como altura da carena e altura da abertura estiveram mais perto do crescimento isométrico (b= 0, 902, 1, 201, 0, 934, respectivamente).

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Rina Ramirez

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