S. Shilstein

Interrelation of charge transfer and crystal volume change in complex oxides

Physica C: Superconductivity, 2002

From changes of positional parameters for Ba þ2 and O À2 in lattice of YBa 2 Cu 4 O 8 and for Nd ... more From changes of positional parameters for Ba þ2 and O À2 in lattice of YBa 2 Cu 4 O 8 and for Nd þ3 in lattice of Nd 2 CuO 4 under pressure and during cooling the changes of cation charges are determined using the model of Coulomb interlayer interaction. The observed by crystal contraction interlayer charge transfer is caused by correlation of volume effects at cation charge change and assists to crystal contraction.

Download

Domain structure investigations on FeNi alloys by means of complex permeability measurements and small angle neutron scattering

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1990

Present work is intended to compare complex permeability and low angle neutron scattering measure... more Present work is intended to compare complex permeability and low angle neutron scattering measurements as suitable domain structure investigating methods to examine the bulk domain structure of magnetic substances. Average domaln dimensions were determined on Permalloy and Perminvar samples. It was concluded that it is possible to distinguish the static and dynamic average domain size distribution by means of these methods.

Download

Distinguishability between ancient and modern leaded tin bronzes by the composition of their lead inclusions

STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research, 2019

The composition of lead inclusions in modern and ancient leaded tin bronzes was studied by X-Ray ... more The composition of lead inclusions in modern and ancient leaded tin bronzes was studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) in Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Lattice parameter of lead inclusions in all bronzes was smaller than the lattice parameter of pure lead. This determination indicates that lead inclusions in bronzes are nothing else but Pb-Sn solid solutions. Tin concentration in lead inclusions in modern bronzes was not less than 3 at% in accordance with the Pb-Sn phase diagram, tin concentration in lead inclusions of ancient bronzes was as low as 1 at%. This difference enables a distinction between ancient bronze artefacts and modern products including the most sophisticated fakes. On the other hand, our work demonstrates that the generally accepted Pb-Sn phase diagram corresponds to an incomplete equilibrium state and only after centuries-long aging at ambient temperatures does the Pb-Sn solid solution reach real equilibrium.

Download

Isotopic ordering in CeD$sub 2$H

$Research paper thumbnail of Neutron Double Crystal Diffractometry — A Precise Method for Surface Investigations$

Neutron Double Crystal Diffractometry — A Precise Method for Surface Investigations

Springer Proceedings in Physics, 1992

To investigate the surface reflectivity a neutron double crystal diffractometer with perfect crys... more To investigate the surface reflectivity a neutron double crystal diffractometer with perfect crystals can be used. By this technique it is possible to measure the reflectivity and the geometrical perfection of surfaces independently. The refractive index can be determined within the 0.1 percent limit and the surface flatness with an accuracy of several seconds of arc.

$Research paper thumbnail of Refraction shift of bragg reflection of neutrons$

Refraction shift of bragg reflection of neutrons

Physica Status Solidi (a), 1988

ABSTRACT

Application of very small angle neutron scattering to some problems of material science and nondestructive testing

Le Journal de Physique IV, 1993

Download

Type, Shape, and Composition of Middle Bronze Age II Daggers in the Southern Levant

X-ray fluorescence-based differentiation of neck tissues in a bovine model: Implications for potential intraoperative use

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB), 2015

This study explores the possibility of using X-ray fluorescence (XRF)-based trace-element analysi... more This study explores the possibility of using X-ray fluorescence (XRF)-based trace-element analysis for differentiation of various bovine neck tissues. It is motivated by the requirement for an intra-operative in-vivo method for identifying parathyroid glands, particularly beneficial in surgery in the central neck-compartment. Using a dedicated X-ray spectral analysis, we examined ex-vivo XRF spectra from various histologically verified fresh neck tissues from cow, which was chosen as the animal model; these tissues included fat, muscle, thyroid, parathyroid, lymph nodes, thymus and salivary gland. The data for six trace elements K, Fe, Zn, Br, Rb and I, provided the basis for tissue identification by using multi-parameter analysis of the recorded XRF spectra. It is shown that the combination of XRF signals from these elements is sufficient for a reliable tissue differentiation. The average total abundance of these trace elements was evaluated in each tissue type, including parathyro...

format_quoteUnintentional parathyroidectomy occurs in 9-20% of surgeries, with a higher risk during central compartment neck dissection in cancer patients.format_quote

Download

A Comparison Study of Middle Bronze Age II Daggers and Their Rivets as a Tool for a Better Understanding of Their Production

Archaeometry, 2017

The Middle Bronze Age II is a period during which there exists a contemporaneous usage of arsenic... more The Middle Bronze Age II is a period during which there exists a contemporaneous usage of arsenic copper and tin bronze for metal weaponry production. In order to learn more about the alloys used in this period, the blades and rivets from 65 daggers of two significantly different types, which were discovered at the Rishon LeZion (RL) cemetery, Israel, were tested by the non-destructive method of X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The results reveal new knowledge of the alloys selected for dagger and rivet production, both of which represent fine examples of the Middle Bronze Age II Southern Levant in metal industry.

Download

Phase transitions of hydrogen in metals

Progress in Materials Science, 1980

Coulomb splitting of atomic layers in crystal lattices of layered cuprates and nickelates

Physica C: Superconductivity, 1995

The crystal structure data are collected and analyzed on the splitting of anion-cation layers wit... more The crystal structure data are collected and analyzed on the splitting of anion-cation layers with non-symmetric electric charge environment. It is shown that the effect is caused by Coulomb interaction with the other charged layers, mainly the nearest neighboring ones. The feasibility is demonstrated of the control of interlayer charge transfer by magnitude of the Coulomb splitting. The correlation between the Coulomb splitting of (BaO) layers, neighboring to (CuO2), and superconducting transition temperature Tc is found in yttrium-barium cuprates.

$Research paper thumbnail of Study of the Morin transition in nearly perfect crystals of hematite by diffraction and topography$

Study of the Morin transition in nearly perfect crystals of hematite by diffraction and topography

Physica B: Condensed …, 1991

The spin reorientational magnetic Morin transition is investigated on nearly perfect crystals of ... more

A study of the composition and microstructure of silver hoards from Tel Beth-Shean, Tel Dor, and Tel Miqne, Israel

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2013

ABSTRACT The chemical composition and microstructure of objects excavated in three hoards from th... more ABSTRACT The chemical composition and microstructure of objects excavated in three hoards from the end of the Late Bronze and Iron Age sites in Israel were studied using energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis and optical metallography. The objects are industrial in origin (scrap or jewelry pieces) and include differently shaped ingots, mainly so-called hacksilber, in various sizes. The primary composition is Ag with typically several percent of Cu and Au and less than 1 % of Pb. The concentrations of these metals in each hoard differ significantly. The microstructure of the hacksilber ingots shows a typical dendritic as-cast structure and a surface cold work deformation, probably caused by chiseling the ingot piece off a larger cast bar. Relatively high concentrations of Au, as in the above samples, were observed previously in Egyptian ancient silver which differs from the ancient Greek silver that contains a significantly lower Au content.

XRF study of archaeological and metallurgical material from an ancient copper-smelting site near Ein-Yahav, Israel☆

Talanta, 2006

A movable XRF instrument (a bench-top designed machine modified to work in the field for archaeol... more A movable XRF instrument (a bench-top designed machine modified to work in the field for archaeological purposes) was used for analysis of artifacts and sediments during the field study (01-07 April 2003) of a small copper-smelting site in the Negev (about 30 km west of the Feinan complex of ancient copper mines and smelting sites in Jordan). The site consists of a relatively small hill with blackened slopes, covered mainly by crushed copper slag. The surface collection of datable objects (i.e. pottery shards and stone tools) indicated that the site had functioned at the end of the Early Bronze Age and during the Roman/Byzantine time.

Download

$Research paper thumbnail of Neutron diffraction study of Levantine Middle Bronze Age cast axes$

Neutron diffraction study of Levantine Middle Bronze Age cast axes

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2010

Thirteen bronze battleaxes from Middle Bronze Age II graves at Rishon LeZion, Israel were analyse... more Thirteen bronze battleaxes from Middle Bronze Age II graves at Rishon LeZion, Israel were analysed by ED XRF at multiple surface locations in order to determine their metallurgical composition. Six of these were further subjected to neutron diffraction using an ENGIN-X diffractometer in order to determine bulk phase composition. The results indicate that the previously established geographical and chronological variability in Sn-Cu (with occasional Pb) and As-Cu alloys found using the former method may be an artefact of preservation and conservation. In addition, the varying homogeneity determined by the latter reflects special treatment for improving on the metal cast.

Download

Making sense out of cents: compositional variations in European coins as a control model for archaeometallurgy

Journal of Archaeological Science, 2011

Archaeometallurgy frequently seeks to correlate between the temporal and spatial distribution of ... more Archaeometallurgy frequently seeks to correlate between the temporal and spatial distribution of ancient metal objects and their chemical composition. In this study, we examined whether and to what extent local or temporal deviations in the content of modern artifacts can be identified as a proxy for archaeological material that is typically less controlled and therefore more difficult to cluster. For

Iron and bronze production in Iron Age IIA Philistia: new evidence from Tell es-Safi/Gath, Israel

by Israel Finkelstein, S. Shilstein, and Aren M . Maeir

Journal of Archaeological Science, 2012

A metallurgically-oriented excavation in Area A at Tell es-Safi/Gath yielded evidence for iron an... more A metallurgically-oriented excavation in Area A at Tell es-Safi/Gath yielded evidence for iron and bronze production dating to the early Iron Age IIA. Two pit-like features, which differed considerably from one another in colour, texture and content, were excavated. Evidence shows that each feature represents a different in situ activity related to iron production, inferred by the presence of hammerscales, slag prills and slag. An upturned crucible was found on top of one of the features. Analysis of the crucible slag showed that it was used for bronze metallurgy. Tuyères, both round and square in cross-section, were found in and around the two features. The presence of the two industries together presents a unique opportunity to explore the relationship between copper and iron working. This is especially important against the background of the scarcity of evidence for iron production in the Levant during the early phases of the Iron Age.

Download

Middle Bronze Age II Battleaxes from Rishon LeZion, Israel: Archaeology and Metallurgy

by S. Shilstein and Tali Kan Cipor Meron

Archaeometry, 2014

Thirteen bronze battleaxes from Middle Bronze Age II graves at Rishon LeZion, Israel were analyse... more Thirteen bronze battleaxes from Middle Bronze Age II graves at Rishon LeZion, Israel were analysed by ED XRF at multiple surface locations in order to determine their metallurgical composition. Six of these were further subjected to neutron diffraction using an ENGIN-X diffractometer in order to determine bulk phase composition. The results indicate that the previously established geographical and chronological variability in Sn-Cu (with occasional Pb) and As-Cu alloys found using the former method may be an artefact of preservation and conservation. In addition, the varying homogeneity determined by the latter reflects special treatment for improving on the metal cast.

Download

X-ray fluorescence-based differentiation of neck tissues in a bovine model: Implications for potential intraoperative use

by S. Shchemelinin and S. Shilstein

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB), 2015

This study explores the possibility of using X-ray fluorescence (XRF)-based trace-element analysi... more This study explores the possibility of using X-ray fluorescence (XRF)-based trace-element analysis for differentiation of various bovine neck tissues. It is motivated by the requirement for an intra-operative in-vivo method for identifying parathyroid glands, particularly beneficial in surgery in the central neck-compartment. Using a dedicated X-ray spectral analysis, we examined ex-vivo XRF spectra from various histologically verified fresh neck tissues from cow, which was chosen as the animal model; these tissues included fat, muscle, thyroid, parathyroid, lymph nodes, thymus and salivary gland. The data for six trace elements K, Fe, Zn, Br, Rb and I, provided the basis for tissue identification by using multi-parameter analysis of the recorded XRF spectra. It is shown that the combination of XRF signals from these elements is sufficient for a reliable tissue differentiation. The average total abundance of these trace elements was evaluated in each tissue type, including parathyro...

Uploads

Papers by S. Shilstein

Log In