Papers by Nebahat Kalkan
21st century: It brings disasters with increasing types, frequencies, and sizes. In today's world... more 21st century: It brings disasters with increasing types, frequencies, and sizes. In today's world, where studies on sustainability have become a priority, every professional discipline has responsibilities and must determine strategies for how their profession will evolve. This study discusses the status of landscape architecture and urban design disciplines in disasterprone Turkiye. To determine future strategies in education policies, it is necessary to decide on the current situation, especially the approaches in graduate education. In this context, determining the relationship between theses, which are the production of graduate education studies, and disaster-related issues is critical. In this study, a 9-stage evaluation method is defined. 22 disaster types were determined through literature reviews and expert opinions from the Landscape Architecture professional discipline. Considering the beginning years of graduate education in Landscape Architecture departments, a total of 2397 master's and doctoral theses conducted under the disciplines of Landscape Architecture and Urban Design between 2002 and 2023 were examined. The total number of theses and the rates produced regarding thematic disaster types were examined quantitatively according to years, keywords, universities, faculties, and global and national developments. (scrutinize) In this context, during the examinations, it was determined that there were deficiencies and inadequacies in the number and content of the theses, and general solution strategies for the future were introduced to eliminate these problems in the graduate theses examined. Graduate theses should be done in quality and quantity, providing innovation and having applicable and sustainable values.
This study analyzes the spatial relationship between landscape architecture departments and resea... more This study analyzes the spatial relationship between landscape architecture departments and research universities across Türkiye and the disaster risk levels of their respective provinces. This research adopts the perspective that landscape architecture plays a critical role in disaster management, particularly as climate change, rapid urbanization, and environmental degradation intensify disaster risks. Methodologically, the researchers scanned a total of 2.397 theses comprising 1.904 master's and 493 doctoral dissertations published by the Turkish National Thesis Center between 2002 and 2023, and identified 62 disaster-themed theses through keyword-based classification. Disaster risk maps from the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization, and Climate Change of the Republic of Türkiye and university location information obtained from the Council of Higher Education (YOK) Atlas were analyzed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Using the obtained coefficient a and coefficient b values, the overall and disaster-focused productivity of landscape architecture departments was compared and correlated with spatial risks. The findings revealed that universities in provinces such as Ankara, Bursa, Van, and Düzce exhibited strong trends in both high overall productivity and disaster-focused theses production. In contrast, in some cities, despite high risk levels, disaster-themed production was low. Consequently, the analysis revealed that landscape architecture departments developed academic production with sensitivity to spatial risks and made critical contributions to topics such as post-disaster recovery, green infrastructure, and nature-based solutions. The study aims to contribute to providing scientific decision support in disaster planning through GIS-based analyses and to strengthening university-local government collaborations. Özet Bu çalışma, Türkiye genelindeki peyzaj mimarlığı bölümlerinin ve araştırma üniversitelerinin, bulundukları illerin afet risk düzeyleriyle olan mekânsal ilişkisini analiz etmektedir Araştırma, iklim değişikliği, hızlı kentleşme ve çevresel bozulmanın afet risklerini artırmasıyla birlikte, peyzaj mimarlığının afet yönetiminde kritik bir rol oynayabileceği yaklaşımını temel almaktadır. Yöntem olarak, 2002-2023 yılları arasında Türkiye Ulusal Tez Merkezi'ndeki 1.904 yüksek lisans ve 493 doktora tezi (toplam 2.397) taranmış; anahtar sözcük temelli sınıflama ile 62 afet temalı tez belirlenmiştir. T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı'nın afet risk haritaları ve YÖK Atlas'tan alınan üniversite konum bilgileri Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen katsayı a ve katsayı b değerleriyle, peyzaj mimarlığı bölümlerinin genel ve afet odaklı üretkenliği karşılaştırılmış ve mekânsal risklerle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bulgular, Ankara, Bursa, Van ve Düzce gibi illerdeki üniversitelerin hem yüksek genel üretkenlik hem de afet odaklı tez üretiminde güçlü eğilimler sergilediğini, bazı şehirlerde ise yüksek risk düzeyine karşın afet temalı üretimin düşük olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç olarak, peyzaj mimarlığı bölümlerinin mekânsal risklere duyarlılıkla akademik üretim geliştirdiği; afet sonrası iyileştirme, yeşil altyapı ve doğa-temelli çözümler gibi konularda kritik katkılar sunduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, CBS tabanlı analizlerle afet planlamasında bilimsel karar desteği sağlanmasına ve üniversite yerel yönetim iş birliklerinin güçlendirilmesine katkıda bulunmayı hedeflemektedir.
This study explores how smart cities are shaping urban life and their role in making cities more ... more This study explores how smart cities are shaping urban life and their role in making cities more sustainable. It looks at smart city applications in worldwide and Türkiye, focusing on energy efficiency, waste management, and transportation systems. The goal is to understand how these projects improve urban infrastructure, enhance quality of life, and support economic and social development. The research also considers key factors influencing their success, such as government investment in technology and active citizen participation. The results show that smart city initiatives significantly reduce energy consumption, improve waste management, and make transportation systems more efficient. These projects promote sustainability and contribute to economic growth and better living conditions. However, their success largely depends on how healthy governments invest in technology and how actively communities engage with these innovations. One limitation of the study is its focus on urban areas, as rural communities often have limited access to smart technologies. To make these projects more inclusive, future research should examine how smart city solutions can be adapted to different socioeconomic and geographic contexts. Looking ahead, policymakers should focus on strategies that increase public engagement and expand technological access, ensuring smart cities have a more meaningful impact on urban development. Further research on the sustainability, security, and long-term effectiveness of these projects will help maximize their benefits and make cities more resilient and livable for the future. sheet.
This study aims to systematically examine the scientific literature on the reuse of solid waste i... more This study aims to systematically examine the scientific literature on the reuse of solid waste in landscape architecture using the bibliometric method. In the face of problems such as global resource depletion, environmental pollution, and climate change, the integration of waste into sustainable design processes is becoming increasingly important. The discipline of landscape architecture has the potential to offer nature-based solutions by evaluating waste in functional, aesthetic, and environmental terms. Within the scope of the study, publications between 1995-2025 were obtained from the Web of Science database and analyzed with the Biblioshiny tool running in the R Studio environment. Creating keyword matches, conceptual clusters, and international collaboration maps determined trends in the literature, prominent institutions, and thematic densities. The findings reveal that publications on green infrastructure, ecosystem services, and climate changecompatible urban design have increased significantly since 2017. It is seen that institutions based in the USA, China, and South Korea stand out in terms of publications and collaborations. The prominent studies show that interdisciplinary sustainability approaches are gaining strength. The study maps the academic structure in the field, reveals current research gaps, and offers suggestions to increase Türkiye's international visibility in this field. Future research should focus on experimental applications, cost-effectiveness analyses, and policy integration.
A|Z ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 2025
Coastal lagoons, straddling the interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, represent c... more Coastal lagoons, straddling the interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, represent critical biodiversity hotspots and are significant for ecological stability and socioeconomic sustenance. This study investigates the ecological and cultural landscape values of selected coastal lagoons in Türkiye-Balık, Büyükçekmece, Köyceğiz, and Paradeniz Lagoons-employing the Landscape Character Assessment (LCA) methodology. Positioned uniquely along various seas (Black Sea, Marmara Sea, Aegean Sea, and Mediterranean Sea), these lagoons undergo dynamic environmental and anthropogenic pressures. Türkiye's substantial legislative framework aimed at coastal conservation, including national laws and international conventions, provides a backdrop against which the effectiveness and implementation of environmental protections are evaluated. The research integrates Geographical Information Systems (GIS) mapping and administrative data analysis to illuminate the geographical, legal, and ecological nuances influencing lagoon management. This study's multi-dimensional approach reveals significant disparities in protective measures and planning, underscoring the need for refined, location-specific environmental management strategies. By highlighting the interaction between human activities and natural settings, the research advocates for a balanced approach to coastal lagoon usage and conservation, aiming to enhance ecological integrity while accommodating socioeconomic realities. The findings call for a comprehensive, integrated management strategy that synergizes LCA with robust legal and planning frameworks to ensure the sustainable future of these vital ecological zones.
TEZ10320Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2013.Kaynakça (s. 113-117) var.x, 37... more TEZ10320Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2013.Kaynakça (s. 113-117) var.x, 377 s. : res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ; 29 cm.Hızlı kentleşme, plansız gelişim ve hızla artan nüfus aktif yeşil alanlar üzerinde olumsuz etkilere sebep olmaktadır. Yerleşim alanlarında gerçekleşen hızlı ve plansız kentleşmeler, bireylerin yaşam kalitesinin artmasına neden olan aktif yeşil alanların daralmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu durum kentlerde yaşayan bireylerin yaşadıkları çevre ile olan etkileşimini kısıtlamaktadır. Yeşil alanların bireylerin istek ve ihtiyaçlarına cevap verecek nitelik ve nicelik değerlerine sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda mevcut alanların nitelik ve niceliklerden sapmalarının belirlenerek düzeltilebilme olasılığı olanların uygun değerlere getirilmesi, bu alanların uygunluk sınıflarını arttırabilecektir. Bu amaçla, Malatya kenti mücavir alan sınırları içerisinde, aktif yeşil alanların nitelik ve niceliklerinin saptanmasında kullanılacak ölçütlerin belirlenmesi ve ...
Book Reviews by Nebahat Kalkan
No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any m... more No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
Conference Presentations by Nebahat Kalkan
This study comprehensively addresses national and international legislation related to water mana... more This study comprehensively addresses national and international legislation related to water management planning in ecological recreation areas and aims to evaluate the relationship between legislation and sustainability principles. Climate change, environmental pressures caused by urbanization, and the limited carrying capacity of natural resources have increased the importance of nature-based solutions in urban planning and landscape design. With good planning in ecological recreation areas, both aesthetic and social benefits can be provided, and the effects of climate change can be slowed down. However, recreation areas provide aesthetic and social benefits and are strategically important in water management, disaster risk reduction, biodiversity protection, and sustainability. In the study, the basic principles of water management planning for ecological recreation areas, integrated water resources management, ecosystem-based approaches, and landscape-compatible water cycle are addressed as a whole. The sustainability of water use in ecological recreation areas has been evaluated; the effects of factors such as flood risk, user density, and water quality on design and management have been explained. The effects of environmental, water, and spatial planning legislations in Türkiye (Environmental Law, Water Pollution Control Regulation, Wetland Protection Regulation, Spatial Plans Construction Regulation, etc.) and international documents such as the European Union Water Framework Directive and the Ramsar Convention on implementation have been discussed. As a result, the dissemination of ecological recreation areas integrated with sustainable water management strategies will be possible if national legislation proposes more flexible, applicable, and nature-based solutions. Thus, ecological recreation areas will provide environmental, social, and economic benefits.
Keywords: Ecology, recreation area, water management, sustainability
This study aims to address the role of eco-functional spaces in urban life within the framework o... more This study aims to address the role of eco-functional spaces in urban life within the framework of nature-friendly and sustainable design approaches from an interdisciplinary perspective and to reveal the importance of these spaces in the planning, design, and implementation processes. Increasing urbanization, the effects of the climate crisis, and the loss of natural areas have made the production of spaces compatible with natural processes inevitable. In this context, eco-functional spaces support natural systems, use resources efficiently, and consider user welfare. In this study, the concept of eco-functionality is discussed in terms of sustainable material and permeable surface use, water management, carbon footprint reduction, support of biodiversity, and designs that enrich the user experience in eco-functional spaces. International and national good practice examples are examined comparatively; environmental and social impacts of eco-functional spaces are evaluated. As a result, it is seen that nature-friendly and eco-functional spaces contribute to urban life not only environmentally but also socially, culturally, and psychologically. The dissemination of such spaces is not possible only with well-intentioned design projects. In addition, support from policymakers, interdisciplinary cooperation, public awareness, and sustainability-based education processes need to be strengthened. The study's results will guide the literature on eco-functional spaces both at the conceptual and application levels.
Keywords: Nature-friendly spaces, eco-functional, sustainability, landscape
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Papers by Nebahat Kalkan
Book Reviews by Nebahat Kalkan
Conference Presentations by Nebahat Kalkan
Keywords: Ecology, recreation area, water management, sustainability
Keywords: Nature-friendly spaces, eco-functional, sustainability, landscape