Andrew Kirton

University of Liverpool, Sociology, Social Policy and Criminology, Faculty Member

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Discourse and power in the formulation of UK anti-file-sharing legislation : the place of recording company and music creator interests

Throughout the history of 'music industry' in the UK at least, legislators have frequentl... more Throughout the history of 'music industry' in the UK at least, legislators have frequently been called upon to help establish and preferable (profitable) . . socio-economic maintain arrangements in the face of disruption following technological development. The history of copyright legislation can thus be read as one in which we see the gradual extension and expansion of rights III ways that enable the effective monetisation of practices afforded by technological development, and/or the restriction of those technologically afforded practices seen to be detrimental to existing profit accumulation strategies. The passing of the Digital Economy Act 2010 (c.24), which brings forward new anti-file-sharing measures, further illustrates the apparent capacity of music corporations to affect legislative action/change in this area. This thesis offers an account and analysis of the visible 'discursive' mechanisms via which recording companies and their representatives were appa...

The Challenge of Unauthorized Online Streaming to the English Premier League and Television Broadcasters

The gendering of alcohol in consumer magazines: An analysis of male and female targeted publications

Journal of Gender Studies, 2012

Abstract Despite evidence suggesting some convergence between the drinking practices of men and w... more Abstract Despite evidence suggesting some convergence between the drinking practices of men and women in recent years, alcohol-related behaviour appears to remain significantly gendered in the UK, with males being more likely to drink alcohol and to drink greater quantities of alcohol than females for instance. The authors of this paper view alcohol-related behaviour as one particular sphere of practice through which gender may be performed and normative gender identities accomplished. The authors ask where the next ...

Online Engagements: War and Social Media

The Palgrave Handbook of Criminology and War, 2016

This chapter involves a consideration of the opportunities that new ‘Social Media’ may provide fo... more This chapter involves a consideration of the opportunities that new ‘Social Media’ may provide for the circulation of alternative and critical information pertaining to war, particularly that which reveals the criminality and wrongdoing present in war, and especially on the part of those powerful institutions who would seek to legitimate it. The chapter is not concerned with engaging in debates about what constitutes crime, wrongdoing, or otherwise in the context of war, but rather with the ways in which wrongdoing in this context may be brought to the public attention, and with what the implications of this might be. It is asserted that as part of its analyses, a developing criminology of war must concern itself with the role of this changing media environment.

Developing Applied Research Skills through Collaboration in Extra-Academic Contexts

The gendering of alcohol in consumer magazines: An analysis of male and female targeted publications

Despite evidence suggesting some convergence between the drinking practices of men and women in r... more Despite evidence suggesting some convergence between the drinking practices of men and women in recent years, alcohol-related behaviour appears to remain significantly gendered in the UK, with males being more likely to drink alcohol and to drink greater quantities of alcohol than females for instance. The authors of this paper view alcohol-related behaviour as one particular sphere of practice through which gender may be performed and normative gender identities accomplished.

Online Engagements: War and Social Media

McGarry, R. & Walklate, S. (Eds.) 2016. The Palgrave Handbook of War and Social Media. London: Palgrave Macmillan (pp.407-424), 2016

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The Challenge of Unauthorized Online Streaming to the English Premier League and Television Broadcasters

by Andrew Kirton and Matthew David

Hutchins, B. & Rowe, D. (Eds.) 2013. Digital Media Sport: technology, Power and Culture in the Network Society. Oxon: Routledge (pp. 81-94), 2013

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Castells, 'Murdochization', economic counterpower and livestreaming

by Peter Millward, Matthew David, and Andrew Kirton

In his Information Age trilogy, Manuel Castells documents the transformation of economic power by... more In his Information Age trilogy, Manuel Castells documents the transformation of economic power by means of network affordances. In more recent work, he has built an account of the linking of economic power with cultural and political power through 'Murdochization' or 'the networking of networks'. Whilst Castells' account of power has thus developed to acknowledge the integration of economic, cultural and political interests within networks, his account of 'counter-power' remains largely focused on cultural and political resistance in the form of protest. Here we explore a case of economic counterpower, the unauthorized livestreaming of digital sports broadcasts. Analysis of this particular case (of counterpower) is particularly significant, given the centrality of Murdochization in Castells' account of power in the network society. Emerging out of, alongside, and in response to the growth of, Murdochized digital media sports networks, we explore the scope and limits of livestreaming as a form of economic counterpower and counter-Murdochization. In this article, we document Castells' theory of network power, the centrality of Murdochization to that account, and the centrality of monopoly control over digital sports broadcasting to Murdochized media empires. The scope and resilience of alternative streaming media in switching live sports programming from pay to view to free sharing is then examined. The failure to date of all attempts to prohibit free streams shows the ongoing viability of such economic counterpower. However, whilst dominant actors cannot eliminate economic coun-terpower, where dominant actors choose not to broadcast, no switching of content can take place.

format_quoteSky and the EPL became interdependent entities, creating mutual economic benefits while establishing a pay-to-view broadcasting monopoly.format_quote

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Music, Technology and Copyright: The Makings and Shakings of a Global Industry

David, M. & Halbert, D. (Eds.) 2015. The SAGE Handbook of Intellectual Property. London: Sage (pp. 506-606), 2015

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Sports Television Broadcasting and the Challenge of Live-streaming

by Matthew David, Andrew Kirton, and Peter Millward

David, M. & Halbert, D. (Eds.) 2015. The SAGE Handbook of Intellectual Property. London: Sage (pp.435 -450), 2015

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