Papers by Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera
Current Psychology, 2026
Social media addiction has been increasingly recognized as a behavioral condition associated with... more Social media addiction has been increasingly recognized as a behavioral condition associated with adverse psychological outcomes; however, evidence regarding the cross-cultural validity of its assessment instruments remains limited, particularly in Latin America. This cross-sectional study examined the psychometric properties of the CARS-R using network analysis in samples from four Latin American countries. A total sample of 1,692 participants between the ages of 18 and 40 was collected from the following countries: Chile (n = 353), Colombia (n = 467), Ecuador (n = 373) and Peru (n = 499). The Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) revealed that the items form a community composed of nine nodes with moderate to large network loading values in the four countries. The UVA analysis showed that all items are relevant to the network model in all countries analyzed. Evidence of structural consistency and item stability was also found, with the items being stable and systematically organized into a single community across all countries. Furthermore, the bootEGA analysis showed that CARS-R shows metric invariance according to the country of origin, except between the countries of Chile ̶ Perú and Chile ̶ Ecuador, where some items are significantly different between the mentioned countries. These findings suggest that the CARS-R is a valid and reliable tool for assessing social media addiction across Latin American countries, with minor cultural variations in Chile likely reflecting regional differences in digital culture. Future studies should explore its predictive validity and longitudinal stability in diverse Latin American contexts.
Mediterranean Joournal of Clinical Psychology, 2026
Introduction: Emerging adulthood (ages 18-29) is a key period of emotional and social development... more Introduction: Emerging adulthood (ages 18-29) is a key period of emotional and social development, and cross-cultural research is essential to understanding how these processes manifest in diverse Latin American contexts. Given the need for brief, culturally valid tools to assess affect during this stage, this study focuses on the validation of the 10-item Positive and Negative Affect Scale in emerging adults from Chile and Ecuador and evaluate its measurement invariance across country and sex groups. Methods: A psychometric cross-sectional design was used to assess a sample of 1693 emerging adults (61.7% women) aged 18-29 years (M = 21.94, SD = 2.81). The sample included 983 participants from Chile (M = 22.52, SD = 2.57) and 710 from Ecuador (M = 21.13, SD = 2.94). Results: The results indicate that the Positive and Negative Affect Scale demonstrates adequate structural validity in both countries and both sexes. Strict invariance was achieved across Chile and Ecuador, as well as by sex, supporting the comparability of scores across groups. Regarding latent means, Chilean participants reported lower levels of both positive and negative affect compared to their Ecuadorian counterparts. Additionally, men reported higher levels of positive affect, whereas women reported higher levels of negative affect. Conclusions: The findings are consistent with theoretical models of subjective well-being that conceptualize positive and negative affect as related but distinct dimensions. Although the results cannot be directly generalized to clinical or public health settings, they suggest that the Brief Positive and Negative Affect Scale may serve as a brief tool for assessing affect in both research and applied contexts, including initial screening and large-scale assessments. However, the use of non-probabilistic sampling may limit generalizability, and future studies should include more diverse populations and longitudinal designs to further examine the robustness of these findings.
Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 2026
Background: This study investigates the relationships between perceived loneliness, life satisfac... more Background: This study investigates the relationships between perceived loneliness, life satisfaction, and suicide ideation (SI) in Ecuadorian medical and nursing students, aiming to identify cognitive predictors of si using structural equation modelling (sem). Methods: A cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive, correlational and explanatory study was conducted with 618 medical and nursing students from four universities in Tungurahua, Ecuador. Results: The results indicate that si is moderately and positively associated with perceived loneliness (r= .581; p < .001), and moderately and negatively associated with life satisfaction (r=-.408; p < .001). Additionally, perceived loneliness and life satisfaction are slightly and negatively related. sem analysis showed that perceived loneliness (R2 = .252) is a stronger predictor of SI than life satisfaction (R2 = .060), but their combined explanatory power is significant, accounting for 39.2% of the variance in SI. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of perceived loneliness and life satisfaction as cognitive predictors of si among university students.
Evaluation & the Health Professions, 2026
The objective was to analyze the factorial structure, reliability, and cross-national measurement... more The objective was to analyze the factorial structure, reliability, and cross-national measurement invariance of the 8-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-8) in 1,940 individuals from five Latin American countries (El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Colombia, and Venezuela). Five CFA models were estimated based on previous findings and considerations of the content validity. The results indicated that the two-factor model (physical and mental health) without items 1 and 5 provided the best fit across all countries. Item 5 was removed due to low factor loadings in all estimated models and across all countries, while item 1 was removed because it was too general, making it difficult to determine whether it measured physical or mental health. The six-item version (SF-6) demonstrated adequate reliability and strict invariance across all countries in the invariance sequence models. The reported differences in physical and mental health dimensions were negligible and minor among all countries. In conclusion, a 6-item version of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-6) was proposed, which is better represented by two dimensions (physical and mental health) and is invariant across Latin American countries.
Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2025
Objective: This study aimed to examine the latent associations among negative body image (NBI), n... more Objective: This study aimed to examine the latent associations among negative body image (NBI), negative eating attitudes (NEA), and depressive symptoms in adult Ecuadorian women. Specifically, it sought to assess the predictive value of NBI and NEA on depression, and to explore the mediating role of NEA in the relationship between NBI and depressive symptoms through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Method: A cross-sectional design was employed with a non-probabilistic sample of 964 Ecuadorian women (M = 29.74, SD = 11.93). Participants completed three validated self-report measures: the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-21), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-18), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). CFA and SEM analyses were conducted using R, employing the DWLS estimation method due to the ordinal nature of the data and non-normal multivariate distribution. Results: NBI and NEA were found to be significant positive predictors of depressive symptoms, jointly explaining 40.1% of the variance. NEA partially mediated the relationship between NBI and depression. Notably, the mediation was identified as competitive/suppressor in nature, whereby the indirect effect acted in the opposite direction to the direct effect, enhancing the explanatory power of the model. Conclusion: The findings contribute to theoretical, methodological, and practical understanding of depressive symptomatology in women, especially within under-researched Latin American populations. The results emphasise the relevance of addressing distorted body image and maladaptive eating attitudes in preventive and clinical interventions and demonstrate the value of SEM in revealing complex psychological mechanisms.
Journal of Cultural Analysis and Social Change, 2025
Aesthetic and sexualized ideals of women have become an imperative for social acceptance, contrib... more Aesthetic and sexualized ideals of women have become an imperative for social acceptance, contributing to the sexualization of female self-image. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the consumption of sexualized cultural products and its relationship with self-sexualization and the sexualization of women in photographs, additionally exploring the role of age in these phenomena. A total of 964 Ecuadorian women participated (M = 29.74 years; SD = 11.93), who were grouped into three age cohorts: young adults (18-29 years), middle-aged adults (30-49 years), and mature adults (50-69 years). Instruments included an ad hoc sociodemographic questionnaire, a survey on consumption of sexualized cultural products, the Image Sexualization Scale, and the Self-Sexualization Scale. Results showed that consumption of sexualized products significantly predicted both photo sexualization and self-sexualization, while age played a relevant role only in photo sexualization, suggesting that self-sexualization might be influenced by other factors. The findings of this study are discussed.
Latin American Psychology, 2025
La sociedad ecuatoriana enfrenta actualmente diversos problemas sociales. Entre ellos, ... more La sociedad ecuatoriana enfrenta actualmente diversos problemas sociales. Entre ellos, el país cuenta con el mayor número de homicidios de Sudamérica –uno de los más altos del mundo–y un aumento alarmante de la emigración forzosa. Tal realidad impacta enel bienestar colectivo y demanda respuestas concretas de quienes hacemos psicología para, desde y sobre Ecuador. En el presente artículo colectivo –planteado desde nuestras diversas identidades, epistemologías y posicionamientos –construimos un relativoconsenso sobre nuestra visión para la psicología ecuatoriana. Proponemos la urgencia de transformarla, potenciando la relevancia social; la relevancia científica; la investigación; la observancia e incidencia en política pública; los liderazgos académicos; los gremios profesionales; la formación de grado y posgrado; la vinculación con comunidades locales; la interculturalidad; y la articulación competente y crítica de conocimientos locales e internacionales
Pensando la Publicidad, 2024
individuo, grupo, organización y cultura ES Resumen. La transmisión de estereotipos de género a... more individuo, grupo, organización y cultura ES Resumen. La transmisión de estereotipos de género a los niños y las niñas 1 se hace desde diversas instancias sociales, muchas veces sin consciencia de ello y por desconocimiento del impacto que puede tener. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar los catálogos de jugueterías en Quito publicados en internet, para valorar la transmisión de estereotipos de género a través de las categorías de clasificación, colores, e imágenes de los juguetes. Usando la metodología de observación con registro, se analizó, primeramente, una muestra de 610 juguetes de los catálogos en línea de dos jugueterías y, en segundo lugar, una muestra con la totalidad de juguetes que poseían ilustraciones con figuras humanas (n=516). Los hallazgos demuestran la transmisión de estereotipos de género por medio de categorizaciones tradicionales en las que se agrupan los juguetes por género. Asimismo, se evidencia el uso diferencial significativo de gamas de colores específicas para niños (negro/gris, naranja/rojo) y para niñas (rosado/fucsia, morado/lila). Las imágenes de ilustración que acompañan a los juguetes transmiten también estereotipos relacionados con roles tradicionales para mujeres y varones, esferas de desempeño y actividades. Se discute la ausencia de criterios científicos para la clasificación de juguetes por género, así como el impacto del refuerzo de estereotipos en niñas y niños, tanto en la construcción de la identidad, como en áreas relacionadas con la elección profesional y la parentalidad. Palabras clave. industria del juguete; diferencias de género; estereotipos; marketing infantil; compra por catálogo.
Psychology in Russia, 2025
Background. Emotional regulation difficulties (ERD) are present in the Ecuadorian university stud... more Background. Emotional regulation difficulties (ERD) are present in the Ecuadorian university student population; however, the specific assessment measures available do not allow for an efficient assessment.
Objective. To validate the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale -16 Item Version (DERS-16) with Ecuadorian university students.
Design. The research uses a descriptive and instrumental statistical analysis of the DERS-16 to analyze the validity of the construct, validity based with other variables (divergence) and the internal consistency of the model. 670 university students from two public universities in Ecuador (76% women and 24% men). The average age was 25.9 with a 7.1 standard deviation (SD).
Results. A hierarchical factorial model with five first-order factors and one second-order general factor fit the data reasonably well. The model has adequate internal consistency and construct validity; particularly for the second-order general factor. The DERS-16 also shows divergence validity with the Academic Situation-Specific Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (EAPESA-9).
Conclusion. The DERS-16 is a consistent and reliable scale for the measurement of emotional regulation in Ecuadorian university students.
Trends in Psychology, 2025
To analyze whether gender is a source of variability in the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) us... more To analyze whether gender is a source of variability in the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) using Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT) in a sample of Ecuadorian adults. This is an instrumental study that assesses factorial validity and Measurement Equivalence (ME) across gender using CTT, while IRT is used to estimate item discrimination [a], difficulty [b], and differential item functioning (DIF). A total of 485 adults participated, with 44.9% male and 55.1% female, aged 18 to 53 years (M = 24.29; SD = 7.61). The unifactorial structure of the GSES was confirmed and measurement invariance was established at the thresholds (scalar) level across gender. Furthermore, there are no significant differences (p < .05) in the latent means of the groups. The item parameters for [a] and [b] were found to be adequate, with no evidence of gender-based DIF in the items. The GSES is a reliable scale for use in studies involving Ecuadorian adults, and gender does not significantly affect its measurement properties.
Ciencias Psicológicas, 2025
Objetivo: Analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) en un... more Objetivo: Analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) en una muestra de adultos de Ecuador. Método: Estudio de carácter psicométrico en el que se analizan la validez factorial, la equivalencia de medida diferenciada por el género y la consistencia interna del instrumento. Participantes: 406 adultos ecuatorianos, el 68.47 % corresponden a mujeres, con edades entre 18 y 59 años (M = 27.43; DE = 8.20). Resultados: Se confirma el modelo oblicuo de dos factores del PHQ, con las dimensiones de depresión y ansiedad. Además, la medida es equivalente a nivel escalar a partir del género. La consistencia interna es adecuada y presenta una validez divergente con medidas de bienestar general. Conclusión: El PHQ-4 es un instrumento válido y confiable para la evaluación rápida de la ansiedad y la depresión en adultos de Ecuador.
Counselling Psychoilogy Quarterly, 2025
The Psychological Well-Being Scale (EBP-CG) is a brief instrument
developed in Mexico and applied... more The Psychological Well-Being Scale (EBP-CG) is a brief instrument
developed in Mexico and applied in various Latin American countries.
Despite its growing use in cross-national research, its measurement
invariance has not yet been formally assessed. This study
aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of the EBP-CG in
samples from six Latin American countries: El Salvador, Paraguay,
Chile, Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru. A total of 2,513 participants
(63.99% women; M age = 31.80, SD = 11.50) completed the EBPCG.
Two complementary techniques were used to assess invariance:
multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) and the alignment
method. Results from both methods supported configural
and metric invariance across countries, while scalar invariance was
not established. However, the alignment method indicated approximate
measurement invariance, allowing for meaningful comparisons
of latent means. No significant cross-national differences were
observed in psychological well-being, although Chile exhibited the
highest mean score. These findings advance the cross-cultural validation
of the EBP-CG and provide methodological guidance for
researchers conducting psychological assessments across diverse
Latin American populations.
Ansiedad y estrés, 2025
Anger is a negative emotion often associated with mental or psychological distress. This study ex... more Anger is a negative emotion often associated with mental or psychological distress. This study examines anger proneness from a psychometric perspective, aiming to gather evidence on the internal structure and measurement invariance of the García’s Anger Proneness Scale (APS-G) in a sample of 2,513 individuals from six Latin American countries (El Salvador, Paraguay, Chile, Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru). First, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the internal structure of the latent construct of anger proneness. Second, measurement invariance across countries was evaluated using traditional multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) and the alignment method (CFA-MIAL). Results showed that the fit indices of the APS-G unidimensional model were adequate in all participating countries. According to the MGCFA, measurement equivalence was supported at the configural and metric levels across the six countries; however, scalar invariance thresholds were not met. Using the CFA-MIAL method, approximate invariance of the APS-G was observed among the six countries. Cross-national comparisons of anger proneness scores revealed generally negligible differences. In conclusion, the APS-G demonstrates approximate invariance across different countries and is therefore suitable for use in cross-national studies on mental health in Latin American contexts.
Hellenic Journal of Psychology, 2025
The aim of the present study was to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on posttraumatic stress sympt... more The aim of the present study was to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in a sample of Ecuadorian adults two years after the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 516 individuals were surveyed (55.2% women), aged between 18 and 65 years old (M = 24.33; SD = 8.98), 64% of which reported that they had been infected with COVID-19 during the pandemic period. The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity Scale-Revised (EGS-R) was used. Latent means using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and cross-sectional techniques were applied. The results showed that the group that had been infected presented more PTSS than the non-infected group with significant differences (p < .05) and a small effect size (d = 0.22). The group that had experienced the infection or death of family members showed more PTSS than the group that had not, with significant differences (p < .05) and a moderate effect size (d = 0.40). The findings suggest that COVID-19 had an impact as a traumatic stressor whose presence was still evident through PTSS among those who had experienced the disease directly or indirectly, the latter group being the most affected.
Anuario de Psicología, 2025
Resumen El objetivo del estudio es identificar el grado de influencia del acoso escolar y el cibe... more Resumen El objetivo del estudio es identificar el grado de influencia del acoso escolar y el ciberacoso escolar en las dificultades de regulación emocional (DRE) en una muestra de adolescentes del Ecuador. Para ello, como método se empleó un diseño descriptivo, correlacional, explicativo y de corte transversal con técnicas de modelamiento de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). En el estudio participaron 384 adolescentes (44% mujeres y 56% hombres) entre 14 y 19 años (M = 15.7, DE = 4.4) y estudiantes de nueve centros educativos de dos ciudades del Ecuador. Entre los resultados se reporta que la presencia de victimización por acoso escolar o ciberacoso escolar es baja, los niveles de DRE son moderados y la falta de claridad emocional es el factor más afectado. El acoso escolar, el ciberacoso escolar y las DRE se correlacionan entre sí en sentido positivo de forma leve y moderada; además el acoso escolar y el ciberacoso escolar explican en un 21.5% los cambios en la varianza de las DRE, por lo que se trata del modelo de ajuste estructural adecuado. Se concluye que el acoso escolar y el ciberacoso escolar constituyen predictores significativos de las dificultades de regulación emocional en adolescentes ecuatorianos. Este estudio aporta un enfoque innovador al integrar ambas formas de victimización en un mismo modelo explicativo, lo cual no ha sido abordado en investigaciones previas de la región. A nivel práctico, los hallazgos permiten actualizar el mapeo de riesgos psicoemocionales en contextos escolares y orientan el diseño de intervenciones preventivas integrales desde el ámbito educativo y de la salud mental. Palabras clave Acoso escolar, ciberacoso escolar, dificultades de regulación emocional, emociones, víctimas.
Suma Psicológica, 2025
Introduction: School bullying has sparked considerable research interest, leading to the developm... more Introduction: School bullying has sparked considerable research interest, leading to the development of specific measures aimed at assessing both traditional bullying and cyberbullying (CB). Objective: To identify evidence of validity for the European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (EBIPQ) and the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (ECIPQ) in a sample of Ecuadorian adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive and psychometric study analyzing the construct validity, internal consistency, and convergent validity of both instruments. Sample: 341 adolescent students (56% female, 44% male), aged 14 to 19 years (M = 15.72; SD = 0.85), from different cities in Ecuador. Results: Oblique fit models with two dimensions per instrument provide the best factor representation. They also demonstrate adequate internal consistency across their dimensions and a high correlation between the two questionnaires. Conclusion: The EBIPQ and ECIPQ prove to be valid, reliable, and relevant instruments for measuring bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents in Ecuador.
International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 2025
The aim is to analyze the relationship between Satisfaction with Life (SWL) and Suicidal Ideation... more The aim is to analyze the relationship between Satisfaction with Life (SWL) and Suicidal Ideation (SI) from a network perspective in a sample of university students of medicine and nursery. Like method, the study employs network theory to find interconnected nodes between these two constructs through a non-regularized partial network. The study’s participants are 618 university students from four universities in the province of Tungurahua, Ecuador. 61.8% were men and 38.2% were women, with ages ranging from 18 to 43 years (M = 20.33 years; SD = 2.32). The main results show the SWL and SI form a network. Furthermore, each theoretical community (SWL and SI) forms its own cluster, and the intergroup edges are positive. Item 3 of the SWL is comorbid with item 3 of the SI and the relationship is negative, making it a bridge between SWL and SI. Thinking about taking one’s life and life circumstances being good are the most central items. In conclusion, the SWL and SI form a stable and robust network of indicators among university students in Ecuador.
Inquiry, 2025
The Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory is a widely used measure to assess r... more The Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory is a widely used measure to assess risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation. Despite its use in various populations, its psychometric properties have not been evaluated in Ecuador. This study examines the reliability, factorial structure, and convergent validity of the PANSI in a sample of Ecuadorian university students. A total of 702 university students completed the PANSI, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to evaluate the factorial structure of the PANSI. Convergent validity was examined through Pearson correlations between PANSI subscales and external measures. Both subscales of the PANSI demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Negative Suicide Ideation: ω = 0.95; Positive Suicide Ideation: ω = 0.82). CFA supported the original 2-factor model, with adequate fit indices (RMSEA = 0.092, SRMR = 0.08, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99). The Negative Suicide Ideation subscale correlated positively with hopelessness (r = .518, P < .001) and negatively with self-esteem (r =-.529, P < .001), while the Positive Suicide Ideation subscale correlated negatively with hopelessness (r =-.557, P < .001) and positively with selfesteem (r = .530, P < .001), supporting convergent validity. The findings indicate that the PANSI is a reliable and valid measure for assessing suicidal ideation in Ecuadorian university students, and arguably, Ecuadorian population. Its ability to capture both risk and protective factors highlights its utility in clinical and educational settings for suicide prevention efforts.
Psiquemag, 2025
La funcionalidad familiar y el bienestar psicológico están relacionados. Sin embargo, su relación... more La funcionalidad familiar y el bienestar psicológico están relacionados. Sin embargo, su relación específica y los factores involucrados permanecen insuficientemente explorados en contextos locales aún requeridos. El estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar los niveles de Funcionamiento Familiar (FF) y Bienestar Psicológico (BP) en una muestra de adultos de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador, conocer las diferencias en estas variables según el sexo, e identificar la relación entre el FF y el BP. Se utilizó un diseño transversal con un enfoque cuantitativo. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo mediante cuestionarios validados que evaluaron el FF y el BP. El análisis estadístico incluyó correlaciones y comparaciones por sexo para determinar la relación y diferencias entre las variables de interés. La muestra estuvo compuesta por adultos de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador. Los resultados indicaron niveles moderados tanto en el FF como en el BP. En las dimensiones de BP se encontró que la autonomía obtuvo un mayor promedio y el menor puntaje fue las relaciones positivas. No se observaron diferencias significativas por sexo en ninguna de las dimensiones del FF y BP. Además, se identificó una correlación positiva y significativa entre el FF y el BP, especialmente en las dimensiones de Autoaceptación y Propósito en la Vida, lo que sugiere que un mejor FF está asociado con un mayor BP. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de un entorno familiar saludable para el desarrollo y mantenimiento del BP.
Revista de Medicina Clínica y Social, 2025
Introducción: Esta investigación analiza los efectos a largo plazo del abuso infantil en la salud... more Introducción: Esta investigación analiza los efectos a largo plazo del abuso infantil en la salud mental y el comportamiento delictivo en la adultez. Metodologia: Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices PRISMA. De 500 estudios identificados inicialmente, se eliminaron 100 duplicados. Se revisaron títulos y resúmenes, excluyendo aquellos que no cumplían con los criterios de inclusión, como revisiones no sistemáticas o estudios sin datos relevantes. Cincuenta estudios fueron revisados a texto completo, de los cuales 25 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión finales. Resultados: se encontró una asociación significativa entre el abuso infantil y los trastornos mentales en la adultez, incluyendo ansiedad, depresión y trastornos de la personalidad. Además, el abuso infantil se relacionó de manera significativa con la participación en delitos violentos y no violentos en la adultez. Conclusion: la evidencia resalta el impacto a largo plazo del abuso infantil en la salud mental y el comportamiento delictivo, subrayando la necesidad de investigaciones enfocadas en contextos nacionales específicos.
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Papers by Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera
Objective. To validate the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale -16 Item Version (DERS-16) with Ecuadorian university students.
Design. The research uses a descriptive and instrumental statistical analysis of the DERS-16 to analyze the validity of the construct, validity based with other variables (divergence) and the internal consistency of the model. 670 university students from two public universities in Ecuador (76% women and 24% men). The average age was 25.9 with a 7.1 standard deviation (SD).
Results. A hierarchical factorial model with five first-order factors and one second-order general factor fit the data reasonably well. The model has adequate internal consistency and construct validity; particularly for the second-order general factor. The DERS-16 also shows divergence validity with the Academic Situation-Specific Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (EAPESA-9).
Conclusion. The DERS-16 is a consistent and reliable scale for the measurement of emotional regulation in Ecuadorian university students.
developed in Mexico and applied in various Latin American countries.
Despite its growing use in cross-national research, its measurement
invariance has not yet been formally assessed. This study
aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of the EBP-CG in
samples from six Latin American countries: El Salvador, Paraguay,
Chile, Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru. A total of 2,513 participants
(63.99% women; M age = 31.80, SD = 11.50) completed the EBPCG.
Two complementary techniques were used to assess invariance:
multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) and the alignment
method. Results from both methods supported configural
and metric invariance across countries, while scalar invariance was
not established. However, the alignment method indicated approximate
measurement invariance, allowing for meaningful comparisons
of latent means. No significant cross-national differences were
observed in psychological well-being, although Chile exhibited the
highest mean score. These findings advance the cross-cultural validation
of the EBP-CG and provide methodological guidance for
researchers conducting psychological assessments across diverse
Latin American populations.