Silicon Application Alleviates Arsenic Toxicity in Isatis (Isatis cappadocica Desv.) by Modulating Key Biochemical Attributes and Antioxidant Defense Systems
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation
The effect of arsenic and sodium nitroprusside on the physiological responses and antioxidant enzymes activity of Isatis cappadocica
Journal of Plant Process and Function, Apr 10, 2021
Abstract. Arsenic (As) in soil, water, and food is a global health concern due to its toxicity, e... more Abstract. Arsenic (As) in soil, water, and food is a global health concern due to its toxicity, even at very low concentrations. Arsenic accumulation in cereal crops represents an important pathway for human exposure to arsenic from the environment. In this study we have investigated relationship between arsenate and phosphate (Pi) uptake and distribution in root, shoot, and grain of wheat (Sardari variety collected from Iranian arsenic contaminated area and control population). Arsenic was applied at concentrations of 0, 5, 25, 125 and 625 mg l -1 in the presence or in the absence of P fertilization. So, with increasing arsenic concentration in irrigation water, As levels of roots, shoots and grains increased. Also, measurements indicated that arsenic uptake rates decreased in the presence of P. Furthermore, arsenic accumulation was higher in the root as compared with aerial parts (shoot and grain). Also, at 125 and 625 mg l −1 arsenic treatments, the measured arsenic concentration...
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research : IJPR, 2017
The biogenic synthesis of metal nanomaterial offers an environmentally benign alternative to the ... more The biogenic synthesis of metal nanomaterial offers an environmentally benign alternative to the traditional chemical synthesis routes. In the present study, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from aqueous solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) by using Nigella arvensis L. seed powder extract (NSPE) has been reported. AgNPs were characterized by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy with an intense surface plasmon resonance band at 435 nm which reveals the formation of nanoparticles. Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that nanoparticles were capped with plant compounds. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed silver nanoparticles, with a size of 2-15 nm, were spherical. The X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD) pattern clearly indicates that AgNPs formed in the present synthesis were crystalline in nature. Stabilized films of exudate synthesized AgNPs were effective anti-bacterial agents. In addition, these biologically synthesized nanoparticles were als...
The present investigation assessed the effects of a metalloid (arsenic) and two heavy metals (cad... more The present investigation assessed the effects of a metalloid (arsenic) and two heavy metals (cadmium and mercury), on the growth and metal accumulation in two medicinal plant species, artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and Savory (Satureja hortensis L.). The experiment was conducted hydroponically in spiked solution with different concentrations of arsenic (0, 20, 100, and 500 μM), cadmium (0, 10, 50, 250, and 500 μM) and mercury (0, 5, 25, and 50 μM) for four weeks. Under elevated arsenic and heavy metal stresses, root and shoot biomass of artichoke and savory were reduced. Shoot dry weight was significantly (p<0.05) decreased at arsenic supply levels of 20-500 μM, cadmium levels of 10-500 μM and mercury levels of 5-50 μM compared to the control plants. Similar response patterns to arsenic, cadmium and mercury supply levels were noted for root dry weight in the two plant species. Arsenic and heavy metal accumulated by the plants root and shoot linearly increased with increasing the...
Heavy Metals and Photosynthesis: Recent Developments
Photosynthesis, Productivity and Environmental Stress, 2019
Computational insight into the protective mechanism of Allium iranicum Wendelbo. Alliaceae in a mouse model of Staphylococcosis: focus on dietary phytocannabinoid trans-caryophyllene
In Silico Pharmacology, 2021
This study was aimed to investigate the prophylactic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract derived f... more This study was aimed to investigate the prophylactic effects of hydro-alcoholic extract derived from bulbs of Allium iranicum Wendelbo. (Alliaceae; AI) on mouse model of Staphylococcosis, and to decipher which phytochemicals of AI may involve in its anti-staphylococcal property. Male mice were allocated into four groups, i.e. normal control (NC) and three other groups received AI at 0.192, 0.384 and 0.768 mg/ml in drinking water for 9 days. Thereafter, mice were intravenously injected 10 6 colony forming unites (CFUs/ml) of Staphylococcus aureus suspension at 10th day and tissue homogenates were colony counted for S. aureus 9 days post-inoculation. Molecular docking among cardinal proteins involved in Staphylococcosis and phytochemicals of AI has been performed using PyRx software and the best ligand submitted to compute molecular and biological attributes. Induction of murine Staphylococcosis and inclusion of AI did not adversely alter bodyweights of mice while colony counts in selected tissues of mice infected with S. aureus were different among groups (P ANOVA = 0.016). Generally, the colony counts tended to decrease in AI 0.192 (P = 0.099) and AI 0.768 (P = 0.818) groups as compared to NC, however AI 0.384 (P = 0.005) group showed lesser colony counts than NC. In addition, colony counts decreased in AI 0.384 as compared to AI 0.768 (P = 0.009). The colony counts in kidneys of AI 0.0384 group were lesser than those of NC (P = 0.051) and AI 0.768 (P = 0.048). Among target proteins, trans -caryophyllene ( TCP ) showed reliable binding affinities (kcal/mol) to three hydrolase enzymes [beta toxin (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase − 8.1), sortase B (protease − 8.1), and FtsZ (GTPase − 8.7) of S. aureus ]. The ADMET properties of TCP showed that it followed the Lipinski’s rule of five with one violation with respect to its miLogP 5.17. In addition, Molinspiration bioactivity score indicated ion channel modulatory and enzyme inhibitory effect for TCP . Computational findings of admetSAR software revealed that TCP leads to carcinogenicity, Tetrahymena pyriformis , fish, rat, and honey bee toxicities, weak inhibition of human ether-a-go-go-related gene, and cytochromes inhibitory promiscuity. The TCP showed promising in human intestinal absorption, blood–brain barrier permeability, Caco-2 penetration, and solubility. The results of Toxtree software showed that TCP is not an endogenous molecule of the body and contains no functional groups associated with enhanced toxicity and considered as class I toxic compound close to terpenes. In conclusion, we found the hydro-alcoholic extract derived from of bulbs AI has a significant protective effect against Staphylococcosis in mouse model. In silico findings demonstrated that TCP has acceptable ADMET score to be considered as a bioactive compound for designing phytobiotics.
Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 2014
The effects of cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Cd-Zn on growth and their accumulation in the Matthio... more The effects of cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Cd-Zn on growth and their accumulation in the Matthiola flavida shoots were investigated. A factorial experiment with two factors (Cd and Zn) concerning four concentrations of Cd (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg L -1 ) and four Zn concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 40 mg L -1 ) were carried out. The shoot and root biomass of M. flavida growing in Cd-Zn medium decreased significantly (p<0.01) compared to the control. Growing in the presence of 20 mg L -1 Cd and 40 mg L -1 Zn, resulted in the highest decrease of root and shoot biomass and tolerance index compared to that at 5 mg L -1 Cd. At the highest Cd (20 mg L -1 ) and Zn (40 mg L -1 ) concentration, plant tolerance index was inhibited by 82 and 74%, respectively (P<0.01) compared with the control. The concentrations of Cd and Zn in the shoots of M. flavida were increased with increasing Cd and Zn concentration in the medium. Significant inhibitory effects of Zn on Cd concentration in the shoots occurred at levels above 10 mg Zn L -1 . On the other hand, the shoot Cd concentration of M. flavida in the combined Cd and Zn treatment group was reduced by 67.6%, relative to that of the Cd alone treatment group. Zinc concentrations in the shoots decreased with increasing rates of applied Cd. Therefore, we recognize M. flavida as a candidate for remediation of sites co-contaminated by Cd and Zn purposes in Iran, the more so because they are adapted to the local climate and soil conditions.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 2018
In this work, biosynthesis potentials of Dracocephalum kotschyi leaf extract for the production o... more In this work, biosynthesis potentials of Dracocephalum kotschyi leaf extract for the production of gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) were studied, and the biological (catalytic, antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer) activities of studied AuNPs were evaluated. Different analytical techniques including UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform-Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used for the characterization of AuNPs. Moreover, Different testing methods were used for evaluating biological activities of biosynthesized AuNPs. The formation of AuNPs was confirmed by color change and UV-visible spectroscopic analysis. FE-SEM and TEM images were used to characterize phytosynthesized AuNPs which were predominantly spherical in shape with size in the range of 5-21 nm. These spherical NPs were found to be 39.79 ±5 nm in size as determined by DLS particle size analyzer. XRD pattern confirms the crystalline nature of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. The phytoconstituents involved in the reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles have been identified using FTIR spectra. The Phytosynthesized AuNPs showed effective antioxidant, antibacterial and catalytic reduction activities. Furthermore, they have inhibited H1229 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. These results have supported that D. kotschyi leaf extract was very efficient for the synthesis of AuNPs, and synthesized NPs showed enhanced biological activities which make them suitable for biomedical applications.
Isatis cappadocica has been reported to be an arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator. Antioxidant enzymes ... more Isatis cappadocica has been reported to be an arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator. Antioxidant enzymes and compounds have been proposed to play an important role in the detoxification and tolerance of As. In the present study, As-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant responses were investigated on I. cappadocica grown hydroponically in response to application of arsenate (0-1200 μmol). As accumulation increased with an increase in arsenate concentration in the medium. Along with a significant increase in arsenate concentration, a build up in hydrogen peroxide, indicators of oxidative stress, was observed. The activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase was induced after arsenate treatment, reached a maximal value at 800 μmol arsenate and then declined at the highest arsenate treatment. Glutathione reductase activity and contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants (carotenoids, flavonoids and anthocyanins) increased significantly as arsenate concentration augmented. These results indicated that high efficient antioxidant system may play significant roles in As detoxification and improve I. cappadocica tolerance against As toxicity.
The present study investigated the effects of arsenate and phosphate interaction on growth, lipid... more The present study investigated the effects of arsenate and phosphate interaction on growth, lipid peroxidation, arsenic (As) accumulation, phosphorus (P) accumulation, and the activities of some antioxidant enzymes in Isatis cappadocica. Plants were exposed to (50-1200 μmol L(-1)) arsenate and (5-1600 μmol L(-1)) phosphate for 28 days in a hydroponic system. At a phosphate concentration of 1600 µM, biomass production and chlorophyll content increased, demonstrating clearly that phosphate was able to provide protection against As toxicity. In case of joint application of 1600 µM phosphate with arsenate, the As accumulation and then lipid peroxidation were decreased when compared to samples treated with arsenate and 5 µM phosphate. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) increased with increasing arsenate supply levels. Addition of P decreased activities of SOD, APX and CAT, while high phosphate treatments...
Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology, Jan 25, 2017
In the present work, we studied the reduction of gold ions into gold nanoparticles using Nigella ... more In the present work, we studied the reduction of gold ions into gold nanoparticles using Nigella arvensis leaf extract in the one-step green synthesis method. The formation of N. arvensis gold nanoparticles (NA-GNPs) was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR and TEM analyses. The XRD pattern confirmed the crystal structure of NA-GNPs, and TEM image showed the small size (3-37 nm) and almost spherical shape of NA-GNPs. NA-GNPs have not shown enhanced antioxidant properties compared to the plant extract while they were active against the clinical isolated bacterial strains. These nanoparticles showed the cytotoxicity effects against H1299 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with an IC50 value of 10 and 25 μg/ml, respectively. The extract of N. arvensis contained 212 μg/ml flavonoids and 145 μg/ml phenolic compounds. The contents of total phenolics and flavonoids of biosynthesized NA-GNPs were 68 and 189 μg/ml, respectively. Plant extract and NA-GNPs exhibited a maximum DPPH scavenging ...
Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid dispersed in the environment and it cause serious toxicity to p... more Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid dispersed in the environment and it cause serious toxicity to plants. Salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in many plant growth processes involved in plant defence against heavy metal or metalloid stress. In the present study, for the first time, chitosan nanoparticles was synthesised, loaded by SA and the positive role of SA on growth and phytoremediation efficiency of Isatis cappadocica against As toxicity were evaluated. The highest arsenate treatment (1200 µM) caused a decrease in plant biomass that, however, its combined application with salicylic acid nanoparticles (SANPs) substantially increase in shoot height, root length and their biomass production compared with As stressed plants. The pretreatment of SANPs by increasing arsenate supply, simultaneously increased the As concentration in roots and shoots of I. cappadocica which reached a maximum of 705 and 1188 mg/kg, respectively. This results suggest that high levels of As stress induce stress status in I. cappadocica which SANPs pretreatment application limit these toxic effects of As. Therefore, SANPs has a significant beneficial effect on the growth and phytoremediation efficiency of I. cappadocica subjected to As stress.
Aims The uptake and tolerance of antimonite [Sb(III)] and antimonate [Sb(V)] were investigated in... more Aims The uptake and tolerance of antimonite [Sb(III)] and antimonate [Sb(V)] were investigated in two populations of Achillea wilhelmsii, one from strongly Sbenriched mine soil, the other from uncontaminated soil, in comparison with non-metallicolous Silene vulgaris and Thlaspi arvense. Methods Tolerance was assessed from root elongation and biomass accumulation after exposure to a series of concentrations of Sb(III) or Sb(V) in hydroponics. Results For all the species Sb(III) was more toxic than Sb(V). S. vulgaris was the most Sb(III)-tolerant species, and A. wilhelmsii the most Sb(V)-tolerant one. There were no considerable interspecific differences regarding the root and shoot Sb concentrations. Sb(III) and Sb(V) tolerance and accumulation were not different between the metallicolous and the non-metallicolous A. wilhelmsii populations. Sb(III) uptake was partly inhibited by silicon. Sb(V) uptake was strongly inhibited by chloride. Conclusions There is uncorrelated variation among species in Sb(V) and Sb(III) tolerance, showing that plants sequester Sb(V) and Sb(III) in different ways. Sb(V) seems to be taken up via monovalent anion channels, and Sb(III) via silicon transporters, at least in part. The relatively high Sb(V) tolerance in A. wilhelmsii seems to be a species-wide property, rather than a product of local adaptation to Sb-enriched soil.
Arsenic (As) pollution, which is on the increase around the world, poses a growing threat to the ... more Arsenic (As) pollution, which is on the increase around the world, poses a growing threat to the environment. Phytoremediation, an important green technology, uses different strategies, including As uptake, transport, translocation, and detoxification, to remediate this metalloid. Arsenic hyperaccumulator plants have developed various strategies to accumulate and tolerate high concentrations of As. In these plants, the formation of AsIII complexes with GSH and phytochelatins and their transport into root and shoot vacuoles constitute important mechanisms for coping with As stress. The oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is one of the principal toxic effects of As; moreover, the strong antioxidative defenses in hyperaccumulator plants could constitute an important As detoxification strategy. On the other hand, nitric oxide activates antioxidant enzyme and phytochelatins biosynthesis which enhances As stress tolerance in plants. Although several studies have focused on transcription, metabolomics, and proteomic changes in plants induced by As, the mechanisms involved in As transport, translocation, and detoxification in hyperaccumulator plants need to be studied in greater depth. This review updates recent progress made in the study of As uptake, translocation, chelation, and detoxification in As hyperaccumulator plants.
International Journal of Phytoremediation, Dec 28, 2009
To assess the potential for arsenic (As) hyperaccumulation of native plant species, plant and soi... more To assess the potential for arsenic (As) hyperaccumulation of native plant species, plant and soil samples were collected from the Zarshuran area (north-western Iran), which has a history of As pollution from mining. Total and water-soluble As in the soil ranged from 11.2 to 6525 and from 0.004 to 13.08 mg kg(-1), respectively. Among 89 plant species, the highest foliar As concentrations were found in Isatis capadocica (up to 3000 mg kg(-1)) and Hesperis persica (up to 1500 mg kg(-1)). Over a broad range of soil As concentrations, these species maintained more than 10-fold increased foliar As concentrations and soil to leaf As transfer coefficients in comparison with all the other species sampled at the same sites. Based on these characteristics, in combination with their ability to accumulate As to concentrations exceeding 1000 mg kg(-1) on a dry weight basis in their foliage, both species should be classified as As hyperaccumulators. I. capadocica and H. persica, both Brassicacaeae, are the first terrestrial angiosperms shown to possess the As hyperaccumulation trait. Both species are fairly robust with relatively high biomass productivity and, therefore, potentially useful in on site phytoremediation, particularly I. capadocica, because of its higher robustness and As accumulation capacity.
Blind single-image super resolution based on compressive sensing
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 2015
Evaluation of the effects of different arsenic and phosphorus levels on chlorophyll and malondialdehyde content of Isatis cappadocica
Journal of Plant Process and Function, Jun 15, 2015
Effect of NaCl Salinity on Germination, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Plantago ovata Forsk
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Jun 1, 2012
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