Design Tools

Human values play an integral role in any design that aims to improve the quality of human life. However, only a few design approaches concentrate on human values in their design, and there is even very little agreement between them in identifying human values. Considering this, we created a design tool based on a comprehensive value framework to support designers’ addressing human values in their designs. This tool intends to raise designers’ awareness about human values and provide tangible materials to facilitate the use of selected values within the design process. This article investigated whether this tool is applicable and effective to be used in design education. A quasi-experimental study with design students showed that the project groups who were supported with this tool addressed significantly stronger human values in their design concepts compared to the control groups. Results of the evaluation indicated that the tool is not only applicable in a design process but is a...

The article provides an overview of graphic design in the twenty-first century. It is determined that graphic design is a field of professional activity, the essence of which is the design of visual communications that are intended to convey messages to social groups for specific purposes. It is substantiated that in the twenty-first century graphic design was introduced as a discipline in Ukrainian universities. It can be classified as one of the artistic professions based on visual communication and well-developed imagination. Usually, the term "graphic design" is used for the process of making a design product. It is noted that graphic design is classified depending on the category of purpose: typography, design of books and magazines; corporate style, for the production of logos and brands; poster and advertising products; food and hygiene packaging; for creating web design and collages. The author emphasizes that in modern society, design embodies a person's constant striving for beauty, harmony and aesthetic expediency in all spheres of life and activity. Therefore, the development of design, the cultivation of its principles based on both ancient traditions and the experience of the modern world, is one of the priority tasks of our culture and art history. Moreover, in recent decades, design and designers have become tools for creating an image of the socio-economic development of the Ukrainian state. The theoretical considerations of the authors of this article are based on research aimed at understanding sustainability in relation to graphic design. Previously, this concept covered geographical, social and psychological, mental and ethical, ethnographic and aesthetic features, and today it is mainly about uncontrolled, combinatorial content, new methods and technologies, attempts to invent modern styles and genres, ideas and things based on the not fully defined concept of "graphic design environment". Perhaps the theoretical developments presented in this article, the search for fruitful ideas about the graphic design environment that cross the fields of art history, cultural studies, sociology, ecology, and economics, taking on a metaphorical form in the process of designing a design product, will help achieve the imaginative clarity, transparency, and originality desired in practice.

Colección de herramientas de investigación seleccionadas y desarrolladas por Syncros, Laboratorio de Diseño Estratégico de la Escuela de Comunicación Mónica Herrera, para apoyar procesos de investigación en proyectos de diseño estratégico. Reúne métodos y guías prácticas para la recolección, análisis e interpretación de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos aplicados al diseño centrado en el usuario. Estas herramientas constituyen un recurso abierto para profesionales, docentes y equipos interdisciplinarios que buscan incorporar investigación rigurosa en sus proyectos de innovación.
Publicado bajo licencia Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International.

Approximate computing is a low-power circuit design strategy that trades off computational accuracy for gains in speed, power efficiency, and area reduction. This approach achieves considerable power and area efficiency by introducing acceptable errors. The acceptable error in computation systems refers to a loss in accuracy that does not affect overall system performance. Approximate computing is mainly suitable for multimedia and signalprocessing applications. In this work, a novel approximate carry look-ahead adder (CLA) based on logical level modification is proposed. The new carry prediction term is derived to reduce the overall propagation delay of the addition operation. The proposed multi-bit adder design uses a square rootbased division method to partition the adder stages. Moreover, the proposed adder is applied in finite impulse response (FIR) filter implementation to evaluate the performance in real-time applications. The proposed adder and FIR filter are coded in Verilog and verified using the Xilinx simulator. The result shows that the proposed FIR filter achieves better results in terms of all parameters.

Software ecosystems are defined as collections of organizations that are related through software or a software related concept. Within such ecosystems, reusability is fundamental to software sustainability and cost-efficiency. Design for reusability brings the technical promise of high quality software that emerges from clean design, fitness for a purpose and a low defect count. This ensures the software is extensible to cater for or modifiable for different pipelines, data and purposes. Functionally, it facilitates the transition from Serious Games (SG) software projects that have been known to consume endless resources, and deliver expensive products, to successful SG projects in terms of quality, costs and timeframe. From an educational perspective, efforts at national and international level aim to increase the accessibility of serious game development via reusable, open components repositories. To enable SG researchers, developers, and implementers adopt reusability, it is nec...

This paper explores the creation, analysis and understanding of the feasibility and potential of an innovative service called 0KG, which focuses on the question: "are people willing to use second-hand clothing and/or leased when traveling?". 0KG is a rental service for the day-to-day, business, and also cultural clothing, depending on the country where tourists are traveling. The main benefit of this service is to be a facilitator in the traveling moment, allowing displacements to be made with greater tranquility, without concern for the luggage and still offering a varied range of clothes to use that normally tourists would not have in their closet. Inspired by the 'slow fashion movement', 0KG intends to be an inovation promoting the re-use of clothes. The creation and development of this service happened through the use of various methodologies, such as design thinking and business models. The analysis to these methodologies allows an explanation of 0KG through a...

This work examines a recent study that used various forecasting methods and in particular the Delphi method, to understand how the indicators were selected during the development of the prospective study. It can be concluded that the indicators in the study were selected through discussion on existing knowledge (formal and informal) and the broad consensus of the respective community, which established and confirmed the choice of indicators as the most relevant to prospectively examine the matter concerned. The technical support provided to choose certain forecasting methods as well as to choose the methods that could not be used throughout the development of the work, contributed to the strength of the list of indicators.

How do product designers create multiple concepts to consider? To address this question, we combine evidence from four empirical studies of design process and outcomes, including award-winning products, multiple concepts for a project by an experienced industrial designer, and concept sets from 48 industrial and engineering designers for a single design problem. This compilation of over 3450 design process outcomes is analyzed to extract concept variations evident across design problems and solutions. The resulting set of patterns, in the form of 77 Design Heuristics, catalog how designers appear to introduce intentional variation into conceptual product designs. These heuristics provide 'cognitive shortcuts' that can help designers generate more, and more varied, candidate concepts to consider in the early phases of design.

Fully reusable two-stage-to-orbit vehicle designs that incorporate 'branching' trajectories during their ascent are of current interest in the advanced launch vehicle design community. Unlike expendable vehicle designs, the booster of a reusable system must fly to a designated landing site after staging. Therefore, both the booster return branch and the orbital upper stage branch along with the lower ascent trajectory are of interest after the staging point and must be simultaneously optimized in order to achieve an overall system objective. Current and notable designs in this class include the U. S. Air Force Space Operations Vehicle designs with their 'pop-up' trajectories, the Kelly Astroliner, the Kistler K-1, one of the preliminary designs for NASA's Bantam-X study, and NASA's proposed liquid flyback booster designs (Space Shuttle solid booster upgrade).

A rocket based combined-cycle engine analysis tool suitable for use in the conceptual design environment has recently been established. While this tool was being used in the design environment, new analysis capabilities were desired and areas for improvement were noted. This paper will detail the recent improvements made to the conceptual design tool, SCCREAM, and present the results generated by the added capabilities. The improvements range from an additional engine analysis mode, alternate propellant combinations, and a new user-interface which enables remote execution.

A rocket based combined-cycle engine analysis tool suitable for use in the conceptual design environment has recently been established. While this tool was being used in the design environment, new analysis capabilities were desired and areas for improvement were noted. This paper will detail the recent improvements made to the conceptual design tool, SCCREAM, and present the results generated by the added capabilities. The improvements range from an additional engine analysis mode, alternate propellant combinations, and a new user-interface which enables remote execution.

The Moon-based Advanced Reusable Transportation Architecture (MARTA) Project conducted an in-depth investigation of possible Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to lunar surface transportation systems capable of sending both astronauts and large masses of cargo to the Moon and back. This investigation was conducted from the perspective of a private company operating the transportation system for a profit. The goal of this company was to provide an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 25% to its shareholders. The technical aspect of the study began with a wide open design space that included nuclear rockets and tether systems as possible propulsion systems. Based on technical, political, and business considerations, the architecture was quickly narrowed down to a traditional chemical rocket using liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. However, three additional technologies were identified for further investigation: aerobraking, in-situ resource utilization (ISRU), and a mass driver on the lunar surface. These three technologies were identified because they reduce the mass of propellant used. Operational costs are the largest expense with propellant cost the largest contributor. ISRU, the production of materials using resources on the Moon, was considered because an Earth to Orbit (ETO) launch cost of $1600 per kilogram made taking propellant from the Earth's surface an expensive proposition. The use of an aerobrake to circularize the orbit of a vehicle coming from the Moon towards Earth eliminated 3,100 meters per second of velocity change (Delta V), eliminating almost 30% of the 11,200 m/s required for one complete round trip. The use of a mass driver on the lunar surface, in conjunction with an ISRU production facility, would reduce the amount of propellant required by eliminating using propellant to take additional propellant from the lunar surface to Low Lunar Orbit (LLO). However, developing and operating such a system required further study to identify if it was cost effective. The vehicle was modeled using the Simulated Probabilistic Parametric Lunar Architecture Tool (SPPLAT), which incorporated the disciplines of Weights and Sizing, Trajectories, and Cost. This tool used ISRU propellant cost, Technology Reduction Factor (a dry weight reduction due to improved technology), and vehicle engine specific impulse as inputs. Outputs were vehicle dry weight, total propellant used per trip, and cost to charge the customer in order to guarantee an IRR of 25%. SPPLAT also incorporated cost estimation error, weight estimation error, market growth, and ETO launch cost as uncertainty variables. Employing SPPLAT over a range of inputs produced the following results. Based on the stipulation that the venture be profitable, the price to charge the customer was highly dependent on ISRU propellant cost and relatively insensitive to the other inputs.

Dans le cadre de la création de systèmes de Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) destinés à des usages pédagogiques, une méthode innovante de prompting a été développée par nos soins et nous l’avons nommée “Multi-Niveau Response Structuring” (MNRS).

Cette technique vise à améliorer la clarté des réponses en exploitant les capacités uniques des modèles de langage à adapter un même concept à plusieurs niveaux de compréhension: MNRS permet de structurer les réponses de manière à ce qu’elles soient accessibles et pertinentes pour tous les niveaux d’expertise, sans compromettre la profondeur ou la pertinence du contenu.

Many instructional designers who design innovative learning experiences, and then conduct research that investigates the usefulness of those learning experiences, fail to fully apply the instructional theory framework as a design foundation. This reduces the usefulness of their designs and ultimately leads to learners and other stakeholders not fully adopting and benefitting from the designer’s learning experiences.

Construction activities cause significant environmental impacts such as waste generation, pollution, resource consumption, and land use, which are expected to increase with global construction demands. To mitigate these environmental problems, the circular building occurs as an emerging concept depending on in the circular economy, which aims to minimize waste and redefine the "end-of-life" concept by reducing, reusing, recycling, and recovering materials. The reuse of building materials and components (BMCs) from existing structures represents a crucial strategy for achieving circularity in the built environment. Within this framework, design plays a key role. However, designing with reclaimed BMCs remains complex due to non-standardized dimensions, uncertain geometry, and insufficiency in accurate and reliable digital data regarding damage conditions, leading to limitations in quality, cost, and timing etc. There are knowledge-sharing platforms such as the Building as Material Bank Project and Madaster provide material passports containing information on material origin, performance, environmental impact, and recyclability. Despite these platforms, reuse implementation still remains limited, labour-intensive and technically demanding. Addressing these research gaps, this study focuses the research questions as: How can architects take design decisions effectively for reusing BMCs?; How can architects decide the best matching donor for BMCs while preserving design decisions and aesthetic considerations? To answer these questions, this study develops a Decision Support Model for Building Material and Component Reuse (DSM_BMCR) guiding architects in making appropriate design decisions aiming to reuse of building materials and components. DSM_BMCR is tested through a façade cladding design scenario using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods integrated into the model. The results show that DSM_BMCR is effective in producing transparent, data-driven, and iterative decisions. Future integration with Building Information Modelling, digital twins, and AI-supported systems is expected to enhance process optimization and real-time material matching, strengthening its potential as a decision-support tool for circular buildings.

This thesis discusses the design of interactive entertaining artifacts such as computer games and computer augmented toys, games and objects. The aim has been to find and/or develop design tools ie methods and approaches that can be used when designing such artifacts ...

This paper presents initial reflections regarding the use of bespoke design tools within a series of innovation workshops carried out with practitioners and stakeholders active in the craft and creative industry sector in the Scottish Islands of Orkney and Shetland. We argue that by emphasising such bespoke material tools located in and inspired by the local landscape, history and culture, we encouraged engagement, provided space for innovation and enabled creative collectives in their goal of enhancing and sustaining the creative economy in rural geographies.

In our globalized environment, and particularly in the context of industrial design activities in international companies or research institutions, it is increasingly frequent to take part in diverse scenarios involving at least two different cultural contexts. Therefore, it becomes an essential point during the initiation of the design process to achieve an optimal transmission of design information in order to increase the added value of the project through the implementation of accurate cultural layers. However, issues pertaining to communication may arise throughout the process if there is an inadequacy in cultural understanding. Hence, it is crucial to address the significance of cross-cultural tools to be used in communication of the design information in its initial phase. Two case studies are referred to openly discuss the matter. Both cases correspond to research projects that were conducted at the Kansei Design division, Toyota Motor Europe (KD-TME). Both projects generate...

In recent years, the changing pattern of human activities, increasing data regarding the spatial environment, and the possibility of collecting and processing this data allowed us to reconsider how we approach urban design, with a focus on a digital-oriented and data-driven perspective. In this study, we examine the evolution of urban design by analyzing the roles of designers and citizen empowerment. Our analysis includes a literature review and semi-structured interviews with computational design experts. In this sense, the literature is reviewed to investigate previous discussions and findings about the topic, and semi-structured interviews were carried out with seven computational design experts. The experts were selected by considering two criteria: (1) their experience with computational urban design subjects in practice and (2) their academic research background. This study concludes that technology-driven urban design solutions change designers' relationship with data, o...

While most building simulation tools model occupancy using simple 24-hour profiles, researchers are applying machine learning and other advanced modeling approaches to simulate individual occupants and their interactions with buildings. For building designers to fully benefit from these increasingly advanced occupant models, visualizations must ultimately reveal subtle yet informative patterns contained in the simulation results. As a step in this direction, we focus on 3D animation and the challenges that arise when multiple time scales are involved. Specifically, we explore the use of stylized computer animation to clarify occupant movement, the use of cueing to draw attention to key events, and an original clock widget to consolidate timerelated information.

This paper presents a methodology for a unified cosimulation and co-synthesis of hardware-software systems. This approach addresses the modeling of communication between the hardware and software modules at different abstraction levels and for different design tools. The main contribution is the use of a multi-view library concept in order to hide specific hardware/software implementation details and communication schemes. A system is viewed as a set of communicating hardware(VHDL) and software(C) sub-systems. The same C, VHDL descriptions can be used for both co-simulation and hardware-software co-synthesis. This approach is ilustrated by an example.

In this presentation, Christian Gänshirt will introduce the main concepts of his design theory book Tools for Ideas and discuss recent research on architectural design. (Chinese title: 创意工具：建筑没汁初歩 ）

Referring to Donald A. Schön's theory of reflective practice, Tools for Ideas proposes the concept of the design cycle as a recurrent time pattern in order to describe the reflective and repetitive structure of design processes. The first section of the book focuses on the much-discussed relationship between design and research, between architecture and the sciences. The second section describes basic design approaches, from classical authors like Vitruvius and Alberti through Erwin Panofsky and Wolfgang Kemp to Otl Aicher and Vilém Flusser. The third and largest section presents the elementary tools of design, from gestures and words through drawings, models, and simulations to theory and critique, all as instruments of creative design in architecture and its related fields. Being used in architecture schools in more than ten countries, Tools for Ideas aims to improve design studio teaching by offering educators and students a theoretical and historical background for their design activities.

This publication is the result of the International Seminar "On the Surface: images of architecture and public space in debate" that took place at the Faculty of Architecture at the University of Porto (FAUP) in Porto, Portugal, in May 2010. This event resulted from a joint initiative of FAUP and the School of Architecture at the University of Minho (EAUM) and was curated by Pedro Leão Neto and Pedro Bandeira with the major sponsorship of Jofebar SA.

From the introduction by Pedro Leão Neto and Pedro Bandeira:  "Architecture, in its public dimension, as well as its representation, has always been an expression of power and therefore of conflict in the most optimistic and democratic meaning of the word. We do believe it is important to have a culture of debate, where the conflict of ideas may arise in a natural and democratic way and provide an opportunity to hear the reasons of others and lead, in this way, to "new perspectives" that may enrich knowledge. We thus hope that this edited book, with all its contributions, may be a significant encouragement for this debate, as well as many others, to take place."

This paper will firstly discuss the concept of design tools, a metaphor that lately has
been used for such different things as simple objects, media used for design pur-
poses, cultural techniques, artifacts, computer programs, or more abstractly, formal
principles or thinking strategies. This term, which has become fundamental to the
understanding of current design practice, will be explored, starting from the temporal
structure underlying all design processes, the design cycle. This approach will allow
to identify aspects common to all human design activities, and to propose an open
working definition of the term design tool.
Ultimately, mapping the design toolbox reframes the question of human freedom,
in both senses: free from and free to. The question of freedom from aims critically at
the constraints and conditions and the activities possible within these, it addresses
everything that should not be, as for example externally imposed orders, unavoidable
dogmas or taboos, unjustified rigor or prohibited ways of thinking. The question of
freedom to aims to explore the full scope of design possibilities within an ethical
framework.

This essay draws on Vilém Flusser’s phenomenological approach and speculative thinking to envision a theory of architectural design. It focusses particularly on the last book he published during his lifetime, Gesten (Gestures) 1991. Based on a series of lectures held in São Paulo and in the mid-seventies in France, Gesten offers a sequence of 18 essays reflecting upon everyday activities as “movement(s) of the body or of a tool attached with the body, for which there is no satisfactory causal explanation” (3-4). The book culminates in the call for a general theory of gestures. Starting from a close reading of some of these chapters, this essay examines the relation between gestures and thinking, between gestures and the future, with a particularly close look at the gesture of making. Gestures are discussed in terms of primary means of visual expression, which in many ways become starting points for design processes.  Flusser's general theory of gestures facilitates a theory of architectural design based on a phenomenological analysis of its tools and processes. By going back to some of Flusser's writings on tools, machines and apparatuses and their unforeseen repercussions, new design practices and digital design tools can be understood as ways of simulating and anticipating the consequences of design decisions, permitting us to better understand and deal with them.

https://flusserstudies.net/person/christian-g%C3%A4nshirt

Na construção do período moderno o homem na sua revolução industrial e tecnológica implícita no tempo dos engenhos e da máquina pós-século XVIII, revela-nos sequências dramáticas e antagónicas. Existe nesse tempo um desengano da utilidade da máquina que 2002). Nas suas fundações desloca-se e fixase, indagando sobre as suas capacidades de suficiência num mundo rural. Rapidamente no processo de criação das primeiras civilizações entra num sistema de descoberta. No renascimento este tem algum conhecimento e sobretudo contempla a natureza, existindo uma analogia entre ele, como ser vivo, e a sua própria entidade (Guimarães, 2002). Nesta época observamos na obra de Leonardo Da Vinci (fig. ) uma capacidade de contemplação e descodificação de aprendizagem sobre a natureza. Isto é explícito nos respetivos fólios (Stefano Zuffi, 1996, pp. pp. 3-5 -folio 3r e folio 5v.) em que os desenhos e as notas cruzam elementos. É nesse emparelhamento que Da Vinci demonstra a habilidade de comunicar ao leitor o sentimento de fazer parte da natureza, existindo no seu trabalho registos de origem e orientação das águas das marés, com diagramas sobre diques, canais e pontes, onde o âmbito esquemático é perfeitamente identificável sob a ideia duma linguagem com elevado teor científico associada às engenharias: "manual engineering" (Zuffi, 1996). A sustentabilidade da nossa sociedade, está dependente de interações complexas entre as várias espécies e ecossistemas. A incapacidade da biosfera garantir a biodiversidade desses ecossistemas conduz à sua degradação sistemática, detetável através de inúmeros sintomas,tais como alterações climaticas, efeitos ecotóxicas, doenças, perda de biodiversidade, perda de produtividade dos solos e mares, tensões sociais e politicas, etc. (Robèrt ,2000). Estes sintomas não são em muitos casos imediatamente visíveis, verificando-se atrasos de décadas entre as causas a montante e efeitos a jusante . A afluência das sociedades modernas tem contribuído largamente para essa degradação continuada e para a não sustentabilidade. Um olhar pela história ajuda-nos a perceber a evolução dessa não -sustentabilidade. No período Pré-Moderno o homem tribal passeia-se numa viagem interior. Este homem faz parte da natureza, e pertence, ou encontra-se dentro desta como uma personagem atenta à sua sobrevivência (Graça Guimarães, Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk

Dieses Buch beschreibt das architektonische Entwerfen ausgehend von seinen Medien und Werkzeugen. Die ersten Kapitel verschaffen einen Überblick über das heutige Wissen vom Entwerfen. Ist es ein schöpferischer Akt, ein kreativer Prozess oder ein Kreislauf immer wiederkehrender Handlungen? Als Basis für die weitere Untersuchung werden die wichtigsten Begriffe und Definitionen vorgestellt. Im Hauptteil des Buches geht es um das breite Spektrum von Medien und Werkzeugen, die zum Entwerfen genutzt werden. Deren Entstehung und spezifische Eigenschaften werden untersucht, um dann ihre Wirkungsweise zu analysieren und kritische Aussagen über ihren Gebrauch und ihre zukünftige Entwicklung zu treffen. Dies gilt besonders im Hinblick auf die Digitalisierung aller Entwurfswerkzeuge. Dieses Vorgehen erlaubt es, die vielfältigen Bedeutungsebenen architektonischer Handlungsmöglichkeiten zu erschließen.

The accelerating digital transition process in the public sector, heightened by the pressing emergence of emergent phenomena on a global scale and the commercialisation of advanced energy-intensive technologies, calls for rethinking and updating methods and approaches to service design to include and ensure an inclusive and systemic approach. The proposed research aims to map and analyse application cases at the international level and build a set of operational tools based on two main models: the PESTEL analysis and intersectional analysis. These tools, tested on real case studies, will complement and inform the digital public services’ design process, extending its scope and impact beyond the human-centric approach.

In order to strengthen communication efficiency between different functional teams and discuss the experience potential users could have with products, a tool composed of various sets of cards was created: the kansei cards. The pictures and keywords represented allow, according to the situation, for an investigation, discussion, and representation of intentional kansei qualities. Over the last three years, this tool has been used in various industrial design projects. In this paper, we will first detail the state of the art that will set the frame for our research and introduce the key notions related to the creation of the tool and related methodologies. After having detailed our research question and hypothesis, we will present the creation of the kansei cards and two experimentations making use of them. The first methodology involves "users" in participatory design sessions to test if the cards permit an identification and communication of the directions of kansei-relat...

Software ecosystems are defined as collections of organizations that are related through software or a software related concept. Within such ecosystems, reusability is fundamental to software sustainability and cost-efficiency. Design for reusability brings the technical promise of high quality software that emerges from clean design, fitness for a purpose and a low defect count. This ensures the software is extensible to cater for or modifiable for different pipelines, data and purposes. Functionally, it facilitates the transition from Serious Games (SG) software projects that have been known to consume endless resources, and deliver expensive products, to successful SG projects in terms of quality, costs and timeframe. From an educational perspective, efforts at national and international level aim to increase the accessibility of serious game development via reusable, open components repositories. To enable SG researchers, developers, and implementers adopt reusability, it is nec...

La connaissance du fonctionnement du système sensoriel humain par le concepteur, peut contribuer à la création de concepts et d'alternatives initiales de solution de conception dans les phases initiales des projets. Il peut effectivement donner un regard particulier sur les capacités sensorielles, cognitives et motrices des utilisateurs. Cependant, la mise à disposition de ces informations de manière systématique est encore une pratique naissante en architecture, design industriel et ingénierie de produit. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse a pour objectif de développer un outil d'accompagnement des équipes multidisciplinaires dans la création de concepts et d'alternatives de solutions, centrées sur l'utilisateur, dans le cadre de l'Architecture, du Design Industriel et de l'Ingénierie de Produit en considérant trois bases conceptuelles: le Système Sensoriel, l’Utilisabilité et la Conception Universelle. La méthode de la recherche s’est déroulée en quatre étapes: ...

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Considering that higher education should play a vital role in promoting peace, mutual understanding and tolerance, and in creating mutual confidence among peoples and nations; (Lisbon Convention 1997) the Technological Catalonian Universities have undertaken as a framework the Competences for Sustainability, to develop the new degrees in accordance with the Bologna Declaration of 1999. This way the degree courses’ planning has three essential elements (Cordoba et. Al., 2007): a centered learning in students, the competence-based objective achievement and the planning, evaluation and monitoring of any all teaching activity under the ECTS criteria. The triplet activities-learning-assessment is involved in each and every subject that corresponds to the plan studies. In this way, education by competences is framed in all the subjects developed during the studies, also assumed for the competence in sustainability. During the planning and development of the new degrees offered in higher e...

Nos últimos anos a disponibilização de equipamentos para exercícios físicos em espaços públicos ampliou a demanda por princípios de design universal, ergonomia e acessibilidade, uma vez que os mesmos são destinados ao uso dos mais diferentes usuários. Este artigo apresenta uma análise ergonômica destes equipamentos e discute os principais problemas observados, bem como apresenta parâmetros projetuais para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos.

This paper explores Donald Schön's concept of design as a conversation with materials, in the context of designing digital systems. It proposes material utterance as a central event in designing. A material utterance is a situated communication act that depends on the particularities of speaker, audience, material and genre. The paper argues that, if digital designing differs from other forms of designing, then accounts for such differences must be sought by understanding the material properties of digital systems and the genres of practice that surround their use. Perspectives from human-computer interaction (HCI) and the psychology of programming are used to examine how such an understanding might be constructed.

We live now in a "time of evaluation" in which organizations increasingly need to justify their performance, mainly at the level of environmental preservation and rational use of natural resources. This is the aim of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) software's, which are characterized as indispensable tools for integrating the Ecodesign methodology and facilitate the implementation of the sustainable development of products in enterprises. All these techniques aim to optimize the environmental performance of products considering their whole life cycle. Operating in a very preliminary stage of product design. This study presents as a central goal, the development of an application to control a LCA software through its COM interface. One of the proposes here is that the developed application provide a better interaction and understanding of LCA tools, because these are almost every time associated with a high degree of complexity. Another goal inherent to this study is the establishment of a connection between the application and a CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software, thereby providing the use of LCA and Ecodesign techniques in the initial stage of product design, as mentioned above. The development of this application is an integral part of a project where the main goal is the design and development of a product. The role of the application within this project is to perform an environmental impact analysis of the product, integrating the practices of Ecodesign and LCA. Covering the EuP (Energy-using Products) directive and its amendment, that aims to compel organizations to optimize the environmental performance of their activities. The developed application establishes a connection between a CAD and LCA software, promoting the exchange of data between these two and considering the products life-cycle since its modeling process. Subsequently, the application allows the input of relevant data, concerning to the life-cycle analysis, being all of these data considered to calculate the environmental impact of the analyzed products. In this context, the application is able to generate environmental impact results for different methods, normalization types and ecological indicators. This work allows to maximize the advantages and minimize many of the disadvantages associated with the LCA tools utilization, distinguished by its large scope, user-friendly interface and ability to create various development alternatives for the same product. The results of this work aspire to help the organizations in the integration of Ecodesign in their processes, always showing the best alternative for the activity and business area where each organization operates. Completely changing the way LCA tools are seen in the industrialized world and amplifying their utilization in contemplation of products life-cycle.

The ability to embody design intentions is critical to an industrial designer's studio practice. From the design sketch to 3D computer-aided design, an increasing variety of design tools are employed in the embodiment of design proposals. A literature review identified the implicit characteristics of tool use during design activity. These characteristics were employed in surveys of design practitioners and design students. Findings indicated a tendency for student design activity to be characterized by convergence and less exploration, early fixation and attachment to concept, in contrast to the practitioners' more divergent and iterative approach. A concern for conventional research dissemination, articulated through conference papers and academic journals, to engage a practice-orientated audience lead to the development of a digital resource (IDsite). The paper describes an interim pilot of the resource. Findings suggest, although IDsite requires further development, the a...

A Enric, por abrirme las puertas del estudio EMBT, por inculcar la importancia del rigor y del proceso creativo en el desarrollo de los proyectos, … y por dejar tantos caminos por descubrir con su sorprendente trabajo. A Benedetta por su gran interés, por su entusiasmo contagioso y por hacer del estudio EMBT, el mío. La colaboración en sus cursos, las constantes actividades organizadas desde la creación de la Fundació Enric Miralles constituyen una base fundamental para esta investigación A mis amigos de estudio EMBT Miralles/Tagliabue, que de un modo u otro me han ido prestando su colaboración. Un agradecimiento especial a mis directores de tesis, tanto por su calidad humana como también por su motivación, A Carmen Escoda, por sus sugerencias, dedicadas correcciones que han contribuido a mantener la coherencia del discurso y por su total involucración, A Lluís Bravo, por sus oportunas indicaciones, su visión estratégica y experiencia, que han sido fundamentales para encauzar la investigación. A Juan Puebla, por su interés en el proyecto de tesis, ya que es en el inicio cuando se sientan bases importantes.

Idea generation requires the generation of many, various and novel ideas, and has the greatest impact on the quality of the final design solution within the design process. The literature offers numerous design methods and tools available for the use of designers in idea generation, though criticisms include the shortcomings of methods in supporting illogical thinking, as well as the lack of studies that test the effects of these methods on idea generation. This paper presents Fictionation, a card-based idea generation tool that seeks to increase novelty and variety by fostering an environment of creative invention based on design fiction and illogical thinking. The effects of the tool on the novelty and explored variety scores of the design outputs are investigated with an experimental study among undergraduate industrial design students. The results indicate that the Fictionation tool increases the novelty and variety of the ideas, and also has effects on improving academic performance and creating a more homogeneous student group.

Introduction to Web Designing Web design is the process of planning, conceptualizing, and arranging content on websites. It involves both the aesthetics and functionality of a website, ensuring that it is visually appealing and user-friendly while delivering a smooth and engaging experience for visitors. The goal of web design is not just to create a visually attractive site, but also to ensure that it is easy to navigate, responsive, and accessible on various devices. Web design encompasses several elements, including: 1. Layout: The arrangement of content, images, navigation, and other features on a webpage. A good layout ensures ease of use and an intuitive user experience.

Software ecosystems are defined as collections of organizations that are related through software or a software related concept. Within such ecosystems, reusability is fundamental to software sustainability and cost-efficiency. Design for reusability brings the technical promise of high quality software that emerges from clean design, fitness for a purpose and a low defect count. This ensures the software is extensible to cater for or modifiable for different pipelines, data and purposes. Functionally, it facilitates the transition from Serious Games (SG) software projects that have been known to consume endless resources, and deliver expensive products, to successful SG projects in terms of quality, costs and timeframe. From an educational perspective, efforts at national and international level aim to increase the accessibility of serious game development via reusable, open components repositories. To enable SG researchers, developers, and implementers adopt reusability, it is nec...

Since 2021, a team of archaeologists has been working in the Apulian South-East Murge
area, specifically at the site of Castiglione, a few kilometers from the city of Conversano
(Bari). The project is called CAP70014. This contribution aims to illustrate how the team is
addressing the needs and challenges of the Castiglione site in a synergic collaboration
with a large community of individual citizens, formal and informal groups, institutional
subjects who recognize the hill, with its ruins and its landscape, as a ‘common’ heritage.