Economics of Security

This study investigated the teaching of practical entrepreneurship in Business Education as a solution for new skill acquisition and business development in Anambra State. Two research questions guided the study. The population comprised 83 Business Education lecturers from Nwafor Orizu College of Education, Nsugbe (NOCEN) and Federal College of Education (Technical), Umunze (FCETU). Due to the small population size, no sampling technique was applied.

A descriptive survey research design was adopted. Data were collected using a self-structured questionnaire that was subjected to face and content validation. The reliability of the instrument was established using the test–retest method, which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.92. Of the 83 questionnaires administered, 59 were properly completed and returned for analysis. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and results were presented according to the research questions.

The findings indicated that teaching practical entrepreneurship to a high extent promotes skill development and job creation by equipping students with hands-on experiences necessary to establish new businesses. However, factors such as the high cost and time demands of practical teaching, inadequate technological resources, and insufficient facilities significantly hinder effective implementation. The study concluded that the prevailing economic challenges in the country can be mitigated when students and youths are broadly exposed to practical entrepreneurial skills both within and outside the school system. Consequently, the study recommended improved provision of equipment and modern office technologies to support practical learning, and urged lecturers to effectively utilize allocated practical periods rather than focusing solely on theoretical instruction

The article is devoted to the study of the dynamic of economic security indicators of Ukraine in terms of uts territorial components, as well as the search for ways and mechanisms capable of eliminating the main modern problems in the field of economic security of the state. It is proved that during 2011-2021 the level of economic security of Ukraine was at a dangerous level.

Depressed regions have a significant impact on the level of economic security of the state. One of the priorities of state regional policy is to stimulate the accelerated development of depressed regions of the country.

Research focuses on European Economic Security and Sustainable Models in Knowledge
Transfer. It explores Economic Security in Europe and Ukraine, focusing on how strategic
autonomy can reduce risks from external dependencies. It analyzes case studies and policies
to show Ukraine´s key role in Europe´s energy, industry, and technological resilience, and
offer policy recommendations for building a more resilient, integrated, and competitive
Europe.
Central to this study is Ukraine’s role as both a frontline state and a potential anchor of
European economic resilience. Through a multidisciplinary lens, the research approaches
energy diversification, trade, reconstruction financing and institutional reforms as key
components of a new European order. Europe’s response to the war in Ukraine will define the
continent’s ability to achieve strategic autonomy and long-term stability. Ultimately, the
volume offers policy-oriented insights for building a resilient, secure, and interconnected
European economy in an era of geopolitical uncertainty.
Its purpose is to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding how economic
instruments, industrial strategy, energy policy, and financial systems are now inseparable
from security considerations. By analyzing pre-war vulnerabilities, wartime dynamics, and
post-war reconstruction, this work aims to offer policymakers, scholars, and stakeholders a
forward-looking perspective on Europe’s economic-security architecture.
Special attention is given to Ukraine’s strategic and economic significance, demonstrating
that supporting its recovery is not only a humanitarian imperative but a geopolitical and
economic necessity for Europe.
Europe’s economic security has entered a new era defined by geopolitical uncertainty,
strategic interdependence, and technological competition. The war in Ukraine has accelerated
a fundamental reassessment of vulnerabilities in energy, trade, industrial capacity, and
financial stability.
Key words: European Economic Security, Sustainable Models, Knowledge Transfer, Ukraine

This study investigated the role of District Security Committees in the oversight of private security companies in Uganda to contribute to ways through which private public security provision can be enhanced for sustainable security and development. Using Wakiso and Kampala as case studies, the study relied on a qualitative approach based on key informant in-depth interviews involving members of District Security Committees, private security company supervisors, supervisors at police headquarters in charge of private security organization and private security services contractors and members to analyze the mechanisms and challenges District Security Committees face in the oversight of private security companies.

Graduate unemployment is a serious problem facing the Nigerian society for several years. This became a topical issue in the national discourse on how to come out of the problem. The quest to proffer solution to the problem of graduate unemployment gave way for the introduction of entrepreneurship education in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Entrepreneurship education is an educational programme that creates awareness of entrepreneurship as a career option to enhance the understanding of the process involved in initiating and managing a new business enterprise. To achieve this at the entrepreneurship development centres, infrastructural facilities for skill acquisition at the centres should be adequate for effective entrepreneurial skills acquisition among undergraduates. This study determined the adequacy of infrastructural facilities for skill acquisition in entrepreneurship development centres in tertiary institutions in Enugu State. The study was a descriptive survey carried out with 39 management staff of entrepreneurship development centres and 98 entrepreneurship lecturers in tertiary institutions in Enugu State. One research question guided the study and two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. A validated structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha which yielded the coefficient value of 0.73. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyze data to answer the research questions, z-test and ANOVA to test the null hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed among others that there are inadequate infrastructural facilities for skill acquisition in entrepreneurship development centres in tertiary institutions in Enugu State. It was recommended among others that the management of tertiary institutions in Enugu State should source for fund beyond government budgetary allocations through internal generated revenues and external grants to ensure adequate provision of infrastructural facilities for skill acquisition in Entrepreneurship Development Centres.

The study examined the role of entrepreneurship education and the enhancement of entrepreneurial skills in solving graduate unemployment in the south east Nigeria. Questionnaire was used to collect data from students on entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial skills. The population of the study was 57,710 and a sample size of 399 was determined using Taro Yamene. The research adopted the purposive sampling technique. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 per cent level of significance using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the aid of SPSS version 21.0. The study found that there is a significant relationship between entrepreneurship education curriculum content and entrepreneurial skills in undergraduates in the South Eastern States. The study concluded that entrepreneurship skills acquisition is at the center of solving unemployment problems among the youths in the South Eastern Nigeria by making the self-dependent and employers of their own labour. The study recommended that Entrepreneurship skill acquisition should be made compulsory for every final year student as a condition for certification by the institution.

Correlation in cyber risk represents an additional source of concern for utility and industrial infrastructures, where risks may be introduced by connected systems. A major means of reducing risk is to transfer it through insurance. In this paper, we consider a company which has peripheral branches in addition to its headquarters, where risk correlation is present between all of its sites and insurance is adopted to hedge against economic losses. We employ the expected utility principle (which leads to the well-known mean variance premium formula) to derive the insurance premium under risk correlation under several risk scenarios. Under a first-order approximation, a quasi-linear relationship between the premium and the two major risk factors (the number of branches and the risk correlation coefficient) is determined.