Estimation of Stature

Early childhood anthropometry is essential for assessing growth and estimating stature, especially when direct height measurement is not feasible. Hand and foot dimensions are practical alternatives and hold significant relevance in pediatrics and forensic identification. The objectives of the study were to analyze hand and foot anthropometric measurements among Indian children aged 2-5 years and to develop reliable sex-specific and combined regression models for stature estimation. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 541 children (280 boys, 261 girls) from 25 ICDS centres of Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India. Hand length, hand breadth, foot length, and foot breadth were measured bilaterally using sliding calipers; stature was measured using a standard anthropometric rod. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and linear regression analyses were performed. In the present study, the boys showed significantly larger mean values than girls for all measurements (p<0.05). All anthropometric variables exhibited significant age-related increases (p<0.001). Bilateral differences were negligible. Foot length demonstrated the strongest correlation with stature in boys (R² = 0.891), girls (R² = 0.868), and combined samples (R² = 0.880), with the lowest SEE (3.212-3.440 cm). The outcome of the study elicited that, hand and foot dimensions, especially the foot length, are reliable predictors of stature in preschool children. These findings have important implications in pediatric assessment, ergonomic design, and forensic identification in mass casualty scenarios.

Anthropometric study is useful for forensic investigation and personal identification. In forensic and medical examination, the determination of stature and age are important parameters. There is a lot of variation in estimating stature from foot dimension measurements in different age groups, especially in the case of children of various races and populations. Foot dimensions as the most valuable evidence that may be available at the crime scene may estimate the stature of an individual. In the present cross-sectional study was done on randomly selected ICDS (Integrated Child Development Scheme) centres, there were 25 ICDS selected. A total of 541 (boys: 280 & girls: 261) children of Jalpaiguri aged 2-5 years were considered for the study. There was significant sex differences found in mean stature, right foot length, left foot length, right foot breadth, left foot breadth. Study reports significant age variations for all anthropometric parameters such as stature and foot dimensions among boys, girls, and unknown samples. The regression coefficients were statistically significant (p<0.05) and for the R showed high positive correlation for most of the variables except for foot index. Present research reported significant age trends of foot measurements and stature among studied children. For the prediction of stature, foot length was found more accurate and reliable among foot length, foot breadth and foot index. Present study reported positive linearity between foot dimensions with age and stature facilitates the formulation of age and sex specific regression equation which can be utilised for estimation of age and stature of preschool children from foot anthropometry.

Stature prediction is important in anthropological research and medical jurisprudence. In personal identification, stature is estimated along with age, sex, and ethnicity to create a biological profile. A study was done on 2-5 year-olds in Maynaguri Block, Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, India. Sex-specific mean differences were significant for height, arm span, and height-arm span difference, except for age. Significant age variation was found for height and arm span among boys and girls. Several works have estimated stature from arm span by a linear regression model. The correlation between height and arm span showed a strong positive relationship, supporting similar results observed among children in Mumbai, West Bengal, Odisha, the United States, and Indonesia. The present study documented a strong association of stature with age and arm span, but not height-arm span difference. Stature, Arm span, Heightarm span difference, Preschool children, ICDS.

Background: Stature estimation from isolated body parts is essential in forensic identification, particularly when remains are fragmented. Population-specific anthropometric standards improve accuracy. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between stature and hand dimensions (hand length and hand breadth) and to derive regression equations for stature estimation among Indian adults in Salem, Tamil Nadu. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study (May-July 2024) was conducted among 500 healthy adults aged 18-45 years (250 males, 250 females). Standing height and bilateral hand dimensions were measured using standard anthropometric landmarks and protocols. Data were analysed using paired and independent t-tests/ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and sex-specific linear regression. Results: Males had significantly greater stature and hand dimensions than females, confirming marked sexual dimorphism (p<0.001). Bilateral asymmetry was observed for hand breadth in both sexes (p<0.001), while hand length showed a significant side difference only in males (p=0.024). Hand length demonstrated a moderate positive association with stature, with stronger predictive performance in females (R≈0.58-0.59; R²≈0.33-0.35) than males (R≈0.45-0.46; R²≈0.20-0.21). Hand breadth also predicted stature but with lower explained variance (males R²≈0.06; females R²≈0.11-0.12). Conclusion: Hand length and hand breadth are significant predictors of stature in this adult Salem population, with sex-specific equations-especially in females-providing improved estimation utility for forensic and clinical applications.

Introducción del libro Sederos de la Bioarqueología en México
A lo largo de la historia, los humanos hemos construido entornos
ecológicos, culturales y tecnológicos que influyen en los procesos evolutivos de nuestra especie: la alteración del paisaje mediante cultivos, la
manipulación y explotación de especies vegetales y animales para
nuestra alimentación, la creación de objetos a partir de materias primas
y las formas en las que somos gregarios (organización social, política,
económica), así como las decisiones y experiencias de cada individuo,
cada grupo, cada sociedad, a lo largo del tiempo, han tenido efectos
que contribuyen a moldear nuestros caminos evolutivos. La cultura es un elemento clave en la existencia misma del ser
humano, y en la teoría evolutiva contemporánea, lo biológico y lo
social no pueden ser vistos como entidades separadas

along with associated materials, were found embedded in a 2-meter-thick lithostratigraphic unit, where the main sedimentary process involved successive rockfalls, resulting in a clast-supported gravel deposit that appears poorly sorted to the naked eye, with cobbles and boulders and minimal interstitial matrix (Baquedano et al. 2023; Martín-Perea et al. 2025). According to Bertran et al. (2019), this sedimentary context falls under the accumulation-transit type, characterized by reworking processes in which the final archaeological distribution reflects both the initial anthropic pattern and

Anthropometric study is useful for forensic investigation and personal identification. In forensic and medical examination, the determination of stature and age are important parameters. There is a lot of variation in estimating stature from foot dimension measurements in different age groups, especially in the case of children of various races and populations. Foot dimensions as the most valuable evidence that may be available at the crime scene may estimate the stature of an individual. In the present cross-sectional study was done on randomly selected ICDS (Integrated Child Development Scheme) centres, there were 25 ICDS selected. A total of 541 (boys: 280 & girls: 261) children of Jalpaiguri aged 2-5 years were considered for the study. There was significant sex differences found in mean stature, right foot length, left foot length, right foot breadth, left foot breadth. Study reports significant age variations for all anthropometric parameters such as stature and foot dimensions among boys, girls, and unknown samples. The regression coefficients were statistically significant (p<0.05) and for the R showed high positive correlation for most of the variables except for foot index. Present research reported significant age trends of foot measurements and stature among studied children. For the prediction of stature, foot length was found more accurate and reliable among foot length, foot breadth and foot index. Present study reported positive linearity between foot dimensions with age and stature facilitates the formulation of age and sex specific regression equation which can be utilised for estimation of age and stature of preschool children from foot anthropometry.

El término efecto Mozart comienza a utilizarse a partir de los trabajos de , quienes observaron mejores resultados en tareas que requerían orientación temporo-espacial en estudiantes universitarios. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el efecto que tiene en el aprendizaje práctico de la anatomía la aplicación de estímulos musicales relacionados con el denominado efecto Mozart. Participaron 254 estudiantes de las carreras de Odontología, Fonoaudiología y Tecnología Médica. Los grupos de estudio fueron sometidos durante toda una Unidad temática a estimulación auditiva utilizando el primer movimiento de la Sonata para dos Pianos en D Mayor (K. 448) de Mozart, los grupos controles desarrollaron su actividad práctica sin estimulación auditiva, al finalizar la unidad se realizó una evaluación práctica de reconocimiento de estructuras en el cadáver. Las medias de los resultados obtenidos fueron superiores en los sujetos sometidos a estimulación auditiva, estos resultados fueron estadísticamente significativos en las carreras de Odontología y Fonoaudiología, pero no en Tecnología Médica.

ABSTRACTAdult stature variation is commonly attributed to differential stress‐levels during development. However, due to selective mortality and heterogeneous frailty, a population&#39;s tall stature may be more indicative of high selective pressures than of positive life conditions. This article examines stature in a biocultural context and draws parallels between bioarchaeological and living populations to explore the multidimensionality of stature variation in the past. This study investigates: 1) stature differences between archaeological populations exposed to low or high stress (inferred from skeletal indicators); 2) similarities in growth retardation patterns between archaeological and living groups; and 3) the apportionment of variance in growth outcomes at the regional level in archaeological and living populations. Anatomical stature estimates were examined in relation to skeletal stress indicators (cribra orbitalia, porotic hyperostosis, linear enamel hypoplasia) in two m...

Background: Stature estimation in human identification has significant forensic importance. Measurements of various body parts such as head, arms, and leg can be used to estimate stature. This study was conducted to determine if there is a correlation between the stature and head length among the West Bengal population. Objective: The objective was to identify any correlation between head length and body height. Methods: Spreading caliper and standard height-measuring instrument were used for the analysis. The study included 112 adult males and 107 adult females of age 21–25 years. The two parameters (head length and body height) were measured and analysed. Results: The quantitative data collected from subjects were studied using statistical analysis. The quantitative data obtained from head length were found to have a significant positive correlation with stature. Conclusion: From the present research, we conclude that head length may be a moderately reliable parameter for stature estimation in both genders.

The purpose of this study was to develop norms for speed test for circle style kabaddi players according to weight and height categories. With the purposive sampling technique a sample of 216 circle style male kabaddi players was taken from sixteen teams which were qualified for the league stage or qualified for the semifinal of the inter college tournament of selected universities to develop the norms. Running Speed was measured by 50 meters Run test. The test was selected from the short specific physical fitness test battery for circle style kabaddi players. (Singh T. 2018). The results were obtained through the SPSS verson 21.0. ANOVA , SCHEFFE TEST (POST HOC TEST) and Percentile scale were used to develop the norms for Speed test for circle style kabaddi players according to weight and height categories.

RESUME Les aflatoxines sont des mycotoxines produites par différentes souches de moisissures du genre Aspergillus. Les manifestations des intoxications varient selon I&#39;age, l&#39;espéce, la dose et la durée de I&#39;exposition. Chez le chien, les aflatoxicoses spontanées sont le plus souvent de type aigue ou subaigue, et dominées par une hépatite d&#39;évolution mortelle. Le diagnostic de l&#39;intoxication repose sur I&#39;examen anatomo-pathologique du foie et le dosage des aflatoxines dans I&#39;aliment. Cet article rapporte une intoxication collective de cinq chiens par de la pâte d pain contaminée par des aflatoxines. Les troubles observés sont comparés d ceux décrits dans la littérature.

Introduction: Identification is the determination of the individuality of a person based on certain physical characteristics that exactly fix the personality. Identifying victims in cases of mass disaster, when limited human remains are present, is quite a challenging task. Usually peripheral extremities of human body are used in estimating stature. In situations where only skull is available, teeth play an important role in personal identification. The present study used Carrea's index in stature estimation using tooth dimensions. Aim: To compare the accuracy of Carrea's method in estimating height of adult human and to evaluate the difference in the accuracy of stature estimation with respect to sides of dentition, gender and different types of dental alignment. Material and Methodology: The study consisted of a total of 200 hemiarches from 100 consenting subjects of the age group 18 to 30 years. For this study, data were collected from undergraduate students and volunteers after taking their consent. Estimation of stature was done using Carrea's Index. Results: When Chi square test was used to test statistical significance in estimating stature using Carrea's index, it was found to be significant with respect to only gender, and not significant with respect to side of hemiarches and type of dentition. The ANOVA of linear regression analysis of height and its predictors (i.e., arch and chord) was tested for statistically significance, chord was found to be more significant than arch. Conclusion: It was concluded that the Carrea´s index is a reliable method for height estimation in arches with normal and crowded dentition, useful for both sexes, although in our study more accuracy in stature estimation was obtained for female subjects than male, and for both right and left side of the mandibular arch.

The study was conducted to create specific formulae for stature estimation of adult male population in Malaysia based on measurements of femur, tibia and fibula lengths using radiographic method. A number of thirty two Malaysians from hospitals involved as ...

Background: Determining adult height from clavicle length is an interdisciplinary endeavor intersecting forensic anthropology, medicine, and bioarchaeology. This method is pivotal in forensic investigations and anthropological research, offering insights into individuals' biological characteristics across various populations. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over three years at SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, involving 100 healthy adult volunteers. Clavicle length and stature were measured, and demographic data including age, sex, and ethnicity were recorded. Statistical analyses, including correlation and multiple regression, were performed to explore the relationship between clavicle length and stature while adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The study found a significant positive correlation between clavicle length and stature (r = 0.62), with males exhibiting a slightly stronger correlation than females. Multiple regression analysis revealed clavicle length as a significant predictor of stature (β = 0.61, p < 0.001), with sex also contributing significantly to the model (β = 0.24, p = 0.003). Ethnicity and age did not significantly affect the relationship between clavicle length and stature within the sample. Conclusion: Clavicle length serves as a reliable indicator for estimating adult height, with implications for forensic identification and anthropological research. The study underscores the importance of population-specific equations for improving accuracy in height estimations. Recommendation: Further research should explore additional factors influencing the relationship between clavicle length and stature, such as nutritional status and geographical variations. Population-specific studies are warranted to enhance the applicability of claviclebased stature estimation methods.