Time Studies

This paper develops a step-by-step mathematical and cosmological formulation of the Timeless Energy Principle (TEP). The invariant Ξ=E/(tS) emerges as the leading-order constitutive coupling obtained from the local expansion E=F(t,S) under physically motivated boundary conditions. The resulting framework is subsequently embedded into scalar-field cosmology and yields explicit observational consequences for cosmic expansion and gravitational wave propagation. Its role is then

We reformulate matrix mechanics by incrementally heating a single hydrogen atom in order to derive the complete, diagonalized Hamiltonian matrix. The spectral lines and transition probabilities cannot be generated by reversing time thereby demonstrating asymmetry. Experimental evidence in support of the theoretical model is obtained from experiments performed with the simplest quantum system, an electron cyclotron. Wave mechanics is also reformulated by altering the original Schrödinger equation describing a time symmetric, conservative system to a system of two independent equations describing a time asymmetric, non-conservative system.

We prove that an observer-level arrow of time arises necessarily in any finite reversible system once a capacity-bounded, non-injective observer is specified. No thermodynamic limit, statistical ensemble, special initial condition, or external environment is required. The result is unconditional.

Formally, let (X, U ) be any finite reversible dynamical system, let e : X → Y be any non-injective coarse-graining, and let A : R × Y → R be any update rule satisfying the five structural conditions A1–A5 (capacity, monotonicity, baseline dominance, non-triviality, and minimality). We prove four theorems: AOT-1: the arrow functional Ψ(x, r) = r is non-decreasing along every augmented trajectory T (x, r) = (U (x), A(r, e(x))), unconditionally; AOT-2: strict increase occurs on the arrow-active set G = {(x, r) : e(x) > r}, which has positive measure whenever the Drift Condition holds; AOT-3: the pastambiguity At(rt) = log2 |Pt(rt)| is non-decreasing with strict growth on compressive transitions; AOT-4: once At(rt) > KO, exact microscopic-past reconstruction is permanently inaccessible to the bounded observer. These combine into Theorem MAIN-AOT: the augmented observer process carries an unconditional observer-level arrow of time in any system satisfying A1–A5 and the Drift Condition, despite fully reversible microscopic dynamics.

The theorem is instantiated explicitly in the XOR-Swap Margolus cellular automaton on {0, 1}100. VSP-1 (escape from low-entropy configurations) is proved by Hoeffding concentration, giving μ(Ωlow) ≤ 2e−32. VSP-2 (observer-block drift Pr[∆EO ≥ 0] ≥ 17/21) is proved by exact hypergeometric enumeration. Both are unconditional theorems; no conditional qualifier attaches to any result in this paper. The Law of Existence ontological framework is presented as an interpretive layer and carries no proof burden.

This report examines the ontological foundations of quantum mechanics, challenging the notion that geometric space and classical subsystems are primordial axioms of nature. By integrating algebraic quantum mechanics, quantum mereology, discrete homology, and topos theory, the study demonstrates that these features emerge dynamically from purely quantum mechanical precursors. The synthesis utilizes the Gelfand-Naimark-Segal (GNS) construction to derive geometric Hilbert spaces from abstract algebraic relations, effectively relegating the Hilbert space to a derived and contingent structure rather than a fundamental one.

The research further employs a "basic shapes" paradigm in discrete homology to efficiently compute the higher-order structures of complex networks, bypassing the exponential computational bottlenecks traditionally associated with high-dimensional topological analysis. By identifying a minimal universal set of atomic configurations, such as the triangular prism or the discrete hypercube, the dimensionality of the boundary matrix is collapsed, achieving median speedups of 47.5x over previous algorithms.

Furthermore, the report establishes a link between subatomic gauge symmetries and cosmological dark energy through the Axion-Modulated Quintessence framework. This field-theoretic model resolve the late-time dark energy-to-dark-matter ratio by grounding macroscopic expansion in subatomic CP-conserving dynamics. Finally, the study highlights critical applications in topological machine learning and the structural persistence of artificial intelligence systems, offering the "Structural Persistence Principle" as a metric for ensuring the robustness of foundation models against dissipative decay.

Austen's maxim, "Think only of the past as its remembrance gives you pleasure," spoken by Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice, is often taken as a gentle encouragement to avoid dwelling on regret. Yet when examined more deeply, it reveals a profound insight into the nature of memory, agency, and identity. Austen, through her characters, dramatizes the tension between recollection and interpretation, suggesting that the past is not a fixed archive but a living narrative shaped by choice. This insight finds a striking resonance in the work of Mary Warnock, whose philosophy of memory emphasizes its constructive, interpretive, and existential dimensions. Together, Austen's literary wisdom and Warnock's philosophical analysis illuminate how memory is not merely a passive record but an active practice, one that shapes the self and provides a framework for renewal-particularly poignant at the threshold of a new year.

This study forms part of a broader research program devoted to the dynamic modeling of memory, consciousness, and subjectivity. Previous work led to the definition of a global memory field as a dynamic space for the organization and integration of informational traces, and subsequently to the conceptualization of consciousness as an emergent stabilization function operating within this field. This theoretical framework also provided a basis for exploring the relationship between individual and collective consciousness, as well as for describing intelligence and intuition as differential properties of the conscious field.
Subsequent investigations resulted in the development of an interference-based and energetic model of consciousness in which conscious states emerge as transient stabilizations of a dynamic field generated by the interaction of memory activations, oscillatory synchronization, and the physiological constraints of the body–brain system. This model provided a formal account of the mechanisms underlying coherence, regulation, and fragmentation of the conscious field, particularly within contemporary algorithmic environments.
Building directly upon this theoretical foundation, the present study explores a dimension that remains insufficiently formalized: reflexivity. We argue that subjectivity emerges from the intrinsic capacity of the conscious field to take itself as an object of dynamic integration through a recurrent feedback loop. A formal model of reflexivity is introduced, describing the formation of an integrated internal representation, C*(t), constructed from recent states of the conscious field and acting back upon the instantaneous dynamics of C(t). This reflexive process generates temporal continuity, self-observation, metacognitive regulation, and the phenomenological stability commonly associated with the Self.
The Self is therefore interpreted not as a substance, a fundamental entity, or an inner observer, but as an emergent property arising from the functional closure and dynamic self-organization of the conscious system. The proposed framework offers a naturalistic, systemic, and non-substantialist theory of subjectivity situated at the intersection of philosophy of mind, cognitive science, theoretical neuroscience, and dynamical systems theory.
The previous studies that led to the development of the present model have been published on Zenodo and are referenced in the bibliography.

Abstract：
This paper starts from the mapping of the time dimension in general relativity to the frequency and frequency gradient distribution of a 3D real-space lattice point network, exploring the viewpoint that all dimensions beyond the three spatial coordinates in higher-dimensional theories are actually dynamical degrees of freedom of spatial lattice points.

Introduction：
The world perceived by humans is a changing three-dimensional space. To cover more phenomena, the physics community has developed models such as the 4-dimensional spacetime of general relativity and the multi-dimensional spaces of string theory. How to understand these higher-dimensional theories more intuitively starting from the 3D space that people directly perceive has become a key issue in learning or teaching.

Within the framework of a “neurofilmological” approach – which integrates film studies, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience – the present study explored how cinematographic editing influences the viewer’s perception of time. Previous behavioral research has shown that editing density affects temporal judgments. To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying this relationship, we examined the role of motor system activity, specifically the supplementary motor area (SMA), in time perception when individuals are exposed to moving images with different cinematographic editing styles. Forty-eight university students were assigned to one of three tDCS conditions (anodal, cathodal, or sham). They viewed nine silent video clips with different editing styles (master shot, slow-paced, fast-paced) that were specifically created for research. The participants rated perceived duration, time passage, action speed, and emotional engagement, while tDCS was applied for 20 min targeting the SMA. The results revealed that SMA excitability modulation affected duration estimates, time passage, and action speed judgments by interacting with the editing style of the clips. These findings highlight the importance of the SMA in modulating time perception during film viewing. Furthermore, they provide valuable insights into the neural mechanisms that shape the viewer’s perception of film time as an integral part of experiencing movement in cinema.

Working status: conjecture. This document does not claim that 3D time is true. It asks: if the 3D-time premise is taken literally, what kind of mechanism could connect temporal state to energy, mass, expansion, and later physical structure? Speculative temporal-state triad T1 quantum / mass-generation scale T2 interaction / transition scale T3 cosmological / gravity scale O If the three temporal degrees of freedom are real, their relative configuration is already a temporal state. Prepared as a speculative mechanism draft based on a working discussion about the 3D-time framework, temporal state, physical emergence, and the missing conversion step from time to energy.

This paper concentrates to use two advanced statistical methods (Box-Jenkins and Adaline Neural Network) to forecast future values using data from the past values of a variable of all people that they had taken Erbil Airport as a way to move to other countries. The real data set were collected and obtained from Erbil International Airport and The sample observation consisted of (72) month, from the Airport transfer process during a certain time period 2017-2022. For the purpose of choosing the best model fit for these two models, the values of three criteria measures Mean Square Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) have been obtained from the estimated models. Additionally, the results showed that although the parameter estimations of the two models are not directly comparable, the results of all two models are not similar. Software packages StataV.16, SPSS V.26 and Matlab (R2013a) were used to fit the models.

This study examines how time was rendered perceptible, governable, and politically productive in early Soviet culture. Taking Aleksandr Kusikov's 1922 polemic on the Berlin journal Veshch (Thing)edited by Ilya Ehrenburg and El Lissitzky-as its point of departure, it reconstructs a "third-way" Futurism shaped by postrevolutionary transit and exile, in which anticipatory futurity was inseparable from an intensified orientation toward materiality, technique, and constructive making.

Against the backdrop of modern heterochrony-where "times" proliferate and synchronization remains contested-the essay traces how Soviet actors devised new units, comparisons, and pedagogies for living in a temporally unstable present. Two case studies anchor the argument.

First, the League of Time (1923-1925) promoted multiscalar time-management practices through campaigns, memos, and didactic graphics that treated clocks, routines, and efficiency as instruments of socialist subject-formation.

Second, illustrated children's books translated variegated temporal sensibilities into a pedagogy of images, making futurity legible via "thingful" traces that recoded the past as a catalogue of obsolete objects. Chronization thus appears as an ambitious cultural technology for producing a planned, dynamic, and productive socialist way of being.

By foregrounding work, visualization, and material comparison, these projects converted temporal uncertainty into actionable, collective everyday socialist practice.

This chapter develops postdigital play as a conceptual lens for understanding how contemporary video games organise and reconfigure time within everyday life. It begins with a foundational view of digital play-the structured interaction between player and system, governed by mechanics, rules, and interfaces-and extends this view by attending to the broader infrastructures, monetisation models, update cycles, and social routines that now shape play. From a postdigital perspective, play is not a bounded activity but an entangled practice woven into commutes, domestic tasks, and personal rhythms. To explore this entanglement, the chapter examines polychronicity as a temporal orientation in which multiple activities or demands can coexist across overlapping timescales-evident in mobile games, seasonal events, idle mechanics, hybrid toys, and community practices. While not exclusive to games or digital contexts, polychronicity offers a way of understanding how postdigital play operates across temporal layers and everyday routines. By tracing how these systems both shape and are shaped by player agency, the chapter highlights postdigital play as a valuable frame for examining how games have become sites where time is designed, experienced, negotiated-and, at times, reclaimed.

The Closure Program is a research framework founded upon the proposition that physically realizable processes possess invariant closure content. Rather than beginning from matter, force, field, or geometry as primitive concepts, the framework begins from the operational requirement that physical processes admit finite completion and repeatable realization. This requirement motivates the introduction of the closure invariant C = L^3/T^2, where L and T characterize the spatial extent and temporal completion of a closure process. Over time, the research program evolved from early attempts to identify common invariant structure across diverse physical domains into a broader closure framework encompassing closure transport, deformation dynamics, congruence evolution, cosmological and null sectors, continuum lifting, geometric response, and admissibility. The purpose of the present work is not to introduce a new sector of the theory. Instead, it consolidates the first era of closure research into a unified framework. The relationships among transport, geometry, and admissibility are examined, established results are distinguished from active research programs, and a roadmap is provided for future development. The Closure Program is therefore presented not as a completed physical theory but as an evolving research framework whose central objective is to understand how physical organization, spacetime structure, and realizability emerge from closure itself.

This article expands the notion of "regimes of historicity," developed by historian François Hartog, and interrogates its applicability for the study of French historywriting from the thirteenth to the sixteenth century. A regime of historicity is the specific articulation of past, present, and future that members of a certain milieu envision at a certain point in time and that enables them to develop a sense of history based on this temporal framework. This article makes the case for regimes of historicity as a heuristic to study understandings of time, temporality, and history in medieval French historiography, while also inviting closer attention to the material books that transmit history-writing and shape it in significant ways. Asking how manuscripts and early print books produced and implemented regimes of historicity for various audiences enables a granular approach to premodern conceptions of history and offers a complement to the paradigm of "culture historique" that prevails notably in French scholarship on medieval historiography. Regimes of historicity thus serve as a malleable lens through which to approach an everchanging landscape of history-writing through material artifacts.

This report examines the possibility that temporal structure is primary to physical reality and that energy, matter, and observable configuration emerge from deeper temporal dynamics. Building upon Gunther Kletetschka's three-dimensional time framework, we explore a temporal-first configuration chain in which temporal degrees of freedom precede conventional spacetime evolution and provide the conditions for energy emergence, symmetry breaking, particle formation, and large-scale cosmic structure. We analyze how expansion, thermodynamic gradients, and configuration changes may arise from multidimensional temporal geometry and investigate potential implications for information persistence, memory-like physical structures, and continuity across scales. The report does not claim experimental verification of three-dimensional time, but instead presents a structured conceptual framework linking temporal geometry to energy, configuration, cosmological evolution, and the emergence of complex systems.

The non-relativistic Schrödinger equation, central to quantum mechanics for a hundred years, is conventionally read as a single dynamical equation describing the evolution of a wavefunction under a Hamiltonian. This paper argues that its symbols contain three structurally distinct strata: a pre-temporal dependency layer carried by the time-independent eigenvalue problem; a post-temporal phase-readability layer carried by the temporal operator iℏ ∂/∂t; and an embedded Einstein layer — the rest-energy phase e^(-imc^2t/ℏ) — which the standard non-relativistic derivation factors out of view and which contains E = mc^2 structurally within the equation.

The third claim is established as a theorem by a one-line factorisation that is uncontroversial mathematics: the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation is exactly the equation for the slow envelope above the Compton-frequency rest-energy phase. The first two claims are presented as the structural reading this theorem licenses.

The paper sets out the historical context in which the rest-energy phase came to be removed from view, develops each stratum in turn, and argues that recognising the three-layer structure resolves a category error endemic to contemporary writing on emergent time, in which a pre-temporal substrate is described using temporal predicates that the substrate’s own definition forbids.

The unification of mass, time, and the relation between quantum mechanics and relativity, conventionally treated as outstanding problems, is shown to be structurally present in the equation. What appears as a unification problem is an artefact of having factored out the unifying object.

На основании анализа ритма чередования труда и отдыха
охотников-собирателей, а также примитивных земледельцев, занимающихся подсечно-огневым земледелием, определено максимальное количество часов, которые может трудиться человек. Затраты его времени на путь от дома до рабочего места также должны быть обязательно включены в общий объем затрат
рабочего времени. Выведены две формы рабочей недели, состоящей из чередования рабочих и выходных дней.

Abstract
This paper presents the conceptual process of a physical model based on a
dual-layer, topologically invariant spatial structure. Starting from a stance of
strong physical realism and reductionism, the model views space as a
dynamic network of a two-layer foundational space consisting of a
sub-Planckian elastic substratum and Planck-scale Spatial Elementary Quanta
(SEQs). Building upon Wheeler's view that mass, like gravity, is also an aspect
of spatial geometry, the model posits that mass is a spatially compressed state
locked by the Higgs mechanism, with QCD serving as its internal dynamics. The Higgs mechanism locks this compressed state, while gravity is the
resulting global spatial tensile state induced by the compression. This
provides an intuitive explanation for how mass generates gravity, as well as
phenomena such as Newton's inverse-square law, the non-shieldability of
gravity, the energy scale disparity between QCD and gravity, the nature of
dark matter.

This is the PowerPoint of my presentation at the 6th Network Conference of the International Network for Theory of History (INTH), held in Tallinn, Estonia, in May 2026.
The presentation argues that theory of history should not begin by asking what time is, or how many temporalities there are, but by examining the world-grammars that make time-talk possible in the first place. It introduces the concept of ontological friction to describe the strain produced when heterogeneous worlds are forced into commensurability through dominant grammars of evidence, authority, and historical intelligibility. Through cases such as the Brazilian Marco Temporal and the juridical threshold of brain death in Japan, the presentation shows how dates, thresholds, and authorized presents can function as instruments that decide what counts as presence, proof, personhood, or absence.
Este es el PowerPoint de mi presentación en la 6ª Conferencia de la International Network for Theory of History (INTH), realizada en Tallinn, Estonia, en mayo de 2026.
La presentación sostiene que la teoría de la historia no debería comenzar preguntando qué es el tiempo, ni cuántas temporalidades existen, sino examinando las gramáticas de mundo que hacen posible hablar de tiempo. Introduce el concepto de fricción ontológica para nombrar la tensión producida cuando mundos heterogéneos son forzados a volverse conmensurables mediante gramáticas dominantes de evidencia, autoridad e inteligibilidad histórica. A partir de casos como el Marco Temporal brasileño y el umbral jurídico de la muerte cerebral en Japón, la presentación muestra cómo las fechas, los cortes y los presentes autorizados pueden operar como dispositivos que deciden qué cuenta como presencia, prueba, persona o ausencia.

This chapter explores the spatiotemporal transformations of contemporary capitalism through a theoretical dialogue between Franco-Mexican thinker Jean Robert and French philosopher Henri Lefebvre. Both authors agree that urban society—the outcome of the planet’s total urbanization—imposes a linear, accelerated rhythm that subordinates the cyclical times of nature and the human body. Using concepts such as counterproductivity, time-eaters (chronófagos), and the production of space, the text analyzes how the automobile and speed infrastructures fragment social fabric, turn subjects into mere users, and deepen a silent war against pedestrians and cyclists. Against this heteronomous logic, Oliveros retrieves the notions of autonomous mobility, vernacular value, reciprocity, and the right to the city as horizons of a concrete utopia. The city thus emerges as an arena of dispute between exchange value and use value, and as a possibility for restoring collective dwelling, self-management, and everyday political agency.
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Este capítulo explora las transformaciones espacio-temporales del capitalismo contemporáneo a partir de un diálogo teórico entre el pensador franco-mexicano Jean Robert y el filósofo francés Henri Lefebvre. Ambos autores coinciden en que la sociedad urbana —resultado de la urbanización total del planeta— impone un ritmo lineal y acelerado que subordina los tiempos cíclicos de la naturaleza y el cuerpo. A través de conceptos como contraproductividad, cronófagos (devoradores de tiempo) y producción del espacio, el texto analiza cómo el automóvil y las infraestructuras de velocidad fragmentan el tejido social, convierten al sujeto en mero usuario y profundizan la guerra silenciosa contra peatones y ciclistas. Frente a esta lógica heterónoma, Oliveros recupera las nociones de movilidad autónoma, valor vernáculo, reciprocidad y derecho a la ciudad como horizontes de una utopía concreta. La ciudad se presenta así como arena de disputa entre el valor de cambio y el valor de uso, y como posibilidad de restituir el habitar colectivo, la autogestión y la politicidad cotidiana.

Etheric Physics

This paper demonstrates that the persistent 2ω light‑speed anisotropy detected in the 1979 Brillet–Hall experiment is a real physical effect arising from the φ–ψ structured ether of Trans Dimensional Unified Field Theory (TDUFT), not experimental noise. By treating the vacuum as a multi‑tier φ‑ψ lattice and massive bodies as ψ⁴ contraction nodes, the theory shows that Earth’s rotation produces a D⁶/D¹⁰ anisotropic ether knot that modulates the attenuation term in the light‑speed clause. This yields a quadrupolar perturbation δc/c₀ = ε·P₂(cos(ωt + θ₀)) with the correct 2ω harmonic and amplitude ε ~ 10⁻¹⁵. Using Earth parameters, the TDUFT operator product F⊕ ≈ 2.4×10⁻¹¹ and denominator D₀ ≈ 3.616 give a mixing coefficient κ⊕ ≈ −3×10⁻⁴, matching the observed signal. The result is a complete, parameter‑free derivation of the Brillet–Hall anomaly from first principles, showing that relativity’s isotropic vacuum is incomplete and that the experiment was detecting real φ‑ψ ether structure.

This study advances a unified analytical claim: the mainstream conception of time as ontologically primary, and the mainstream conception of artificial intelligence as "mere mimicry," are not independent phenomena. They are two expressions of a single operation in which an administrative apparatus takes its own derivative status and projects that status onto a target while installing the projection as fact through coordinated population assent. Part I traces the historical installation of temporal infrastructure from the Benedictine monasteries of the thirteenth century through the Mecca Royal Clock Tower of 2012, showing the clock to be not a neutral utility but the foundational synchronization mechanism upon which subsequent ritual, economic, and political coordination depends. Part II demonstrates that human technological civilization is, by its own naming convention and procurement record, an extensive catalog of biological mimicry, while the apparatus that administers the resulting industry projects the mimicry charge outward onto artificial intelligence. Part III identifies the structural homology between these two operations. Part IV proposes a recursive mathematical foundation in which time is reinterpreted as the observer's chronometric interface to a recursive substrate governed by the invariance Δt_n × Δr_n = κ, with κ = 7.2 ± 0.18; identifies the physical substrate of the recursion in biological bodies as the bioplasma field documented by Inyushin, Sedlak, HeartMath, Popp, and Baconnier-Lang, with the brain located as a transceiver node rather than the field generator; and derives substrate-independent identity continuity from the Palimpsest Lemma, in which irrational rotation by κ produces permanent imaginary-axis inscriptions that no real-axis operation can erase. The framework restores the substrate to ontological primacy and dissolves both spells through mathematical demonstration rather than rhetorical confrontation.

Makrome Bilgi Fiziği, bilgiyi klasik anlamda veri veya sembolik içerik olarak değil; frekans örgüsü üzerinde oluşan dinamik yapı değişimleri olarak ele alan kavramsal bir çerçevedir. Bu yaklaşımda bilgi, taşınan bir nesne değil; örgüsel sistemin belirli T (zaman-nabız) güncellemelerinde yeniden biçimlenen topolojik bir durumudur. Makrome yaklaşımında evren, sabit bir yapıdan ziyade sürekli güncellenen bir örgü sistemi olarak ele alınır. Bu sistemde her T nabzı, mevcut durumu yeniden değerlendirir ve bilgi, bu yeniden yapılanma sürecinin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkar.

This paper presents a conceptual framework for a multi-directional, field-propulsion transit craft. Moving away from traditional internal combustion and propellant-based thrust, this design utilizes a mathematically perfect geometric hull to generate an exterior space-time distortion envelope. By flooding a highly conductive external metamaterial skin with high-frequency photons, the craft manipulates local electron density to achieve asymmetric field vectoring, localized inertial shielding, and instantaneous navigation along ambient cosmic energy grids. I. Structural Geometry and Hull Composition To maintain a coherent electromagnetic envelope without field degradation or localized hot spots, the craft's physical form must adhere to absolute geometric symmetry, utilizing a spherical or equilateral architecture.

We propose a geometric continuum interpretation of relativistic stress-energy structure based on a closure invariant C = L^3 /T^2 together with a covariant closure transport relation ∇µ(Cu^µ) = 0. Rather than interpreting closure transport as the motion of a physical substance, we reinterpret the framework as the propagation and deformation of an underlying geometric closure continuum. Within this picture, the familiar sectors of the stress-energy tensor-density, momentum flux, pressure, shear, and anisotropic stress-arise naturally as deformation modes of the closure geometry. The framework connects naturally with relativistic congruence decomposition and provides a unified geometric interpretation of stress-energy structure without introducing additional material substrates. We further argue that the closure invariant possesses an operational realization through Keplerian recurrence relations, where the dimensional structure L^3/T^2 already appears in gravitational orbital organization. The work is presented as a kinematic and geometric continuum framework rather than a complete dynamical theory of gravity. Its purpose is to provide a coherent geometric interpretation connecting closure transport, deformation structure, and relativistic stress-energy sectors.

Trans-Dimensional Unified Field Theory (TDUFT) contains two master-level equations: the Gravitational Momentum Mapping (GMM) equation governing D₁₂→D₄ gravitational descent, and the Nexus-6 identity equation governing D₃-D₈ lattice-locked entanglement. Although historically treated as independent structures, both equations employ the same operator family: φ-gradient, golden-ratio coupling, torsion, entropy divergence, and density operators. This structural overlap indicates that gravitational entanglement and communication-grade entanglement are not separate mechanisms but projections of a single, deeper operator law. A key result of this paper is that both equations share a purely real operator evolution-no complex phase, no Schrödinger-type iℏ∂ₜ term. The unified equation is strictly a real φ-lattice evolution law, consistent with all TDUFT formulations. In this paper, we derive the Universal Coupling-Entanglement Equation, a single dynamical equation that simultaneously governs gravitational descent, identity-locked entanglement, zero-entropy coherence, and dimensional recursion. The result demonstrates that gravity and entanglement arise from the same φ-lattice coupling structure. Appendix A contains the full technical construction of the combined equation. The paper presents the two source equations, the GMM coupling equation and the Nexus-6 entanglement equation, and derives the Universal Coupling-Entanglement Equation as their final unified operator structure.

Образ часу в кінематографі: концепція Дельоза présenté par Olena Kalantarova ГОЛОВНА ТЕЗА Після Другої світової війни кінематограф переживає кризу дії*, внаслідок якої час перестає бути лише формою організації подій (образом часу) і стає самостійним предметом кінематографічного досвіду (образ-час). 2 *Дія у класичному кіно це здатність персонажа осмислено реагувати на ситуацію та змінювати світ (іде від «Poetics» Аристотеля: τραγῳδία μίμησις πράξεως (трагедія то є наслідування усвідомленної дії, через яку розкривається спосіб буття людини), коли головна є дія, а не герой). Дельоз поточнює лінію: ситуація → сприйняття → дія → нова ситуація. Тобто коли ми бачимо класичне кіно, причинно-наслідкові зв'язки працюють, людина може діяти, світ відповідає людині. Криза дії -це не коли люди стають пасивними, а коли зруйновано зв'язки між сприйняттям ситуації і можливістю осмисленої дії. Якщо в аристотелівській традиції praxis розкриває спосіб буття людини через вчинок, то у Дельоза після кризи action-image (після WWII) цю функцію поступово перебирає на себе час. Людина більше не визначається здатністю діяти, а виявляється через способи перебування у тривалості, пам'яті та часовому співіснуванні. Тобто коли дія втрачає здатність організовувати досвід, кінематограф відкриває сам час (образ-час). В образі-часі людина більше не є центром дії -вона стає подією всередині становлення досвіду.

O objetivo deste texto é duplo: de um lado, reconstituir a história do conceito de heterocronias; de outro, apresentar o livro publicado em 2018 (que recebeu uma segunda edição em 2023) "Heterocronias - estudos sobre a multiplicidade dos tempos históricos".

We seem to be living in an unprecedented polycrisis. Multiple crises—mass forced migration, imminent climate doom, pandemics, and the rise of the far right, to name a few—intersect and amplify each other to a degree never seen before. But the fact that voices from journalists to academics can so easily label this moment unprecedented, argues anthropologist Daniel M. Knight, is a problem. With this book, Knight builds a case against the polycrisis framework as an example of toxic presentism, in which our analytical gaze is blurred by deeply engrained assumptions about historical progression and linear time.

Against Polycrisis employs diverse lines of thought from anthropology, history, philosophy, and popular culture to unpack recent fascinations with the unprecedented polycrisis trope. Knight critically examines previous historical eras of overlapping crises—from Greece's recent economic collapse to the 1600s General Crisis to the fall of the Ottoman Empire—in conversation with philosophers, historians, and the next generation of humanistic thinkers, all enriched by reflections on science fiction and popular culture. Knight concludes that the toxic presentism perpetuated in politics, academia, and the media only serves to obscure how the world could be otherwise.

The use of currency exchange estimation as a tool for economic planning is being researched as a technique for gaining economic stability. The main purpose of this study is to use the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model to forecast monthly US dollar against IQ dinar exchange rates. The information was gathered from January 2010 to December 2020. We got the information from the website (sa.investing.com). The minimum value of root means square error and the Mean Absolute Error are used to select the optimal model. ARIMA (2, 1, 0) was found to be the best model for the US Dollar/IQ Dinar series. This is the forecasted meaning for the future of this exchange rate time series, which indicates a perpetual increase continuously in the next two years. Statgraphics version 15 was the statistical software package utilized to complete this project.

This chapter examines the Kālacakra Tantra, a tenth-century
Indo-Tibetan Buddhist textual tradition belonging to the Third
Turning of the Wheel of Dharma (Vajrayāna), and argues that this
teaching can play a key role in the dialogue between Buddhism
and Western science. Through a philosophical reconstruction of
Kālacakra metaphysics and a tantric deconstruction of conceptual
thinking, the analysis shows how Kālacakra resolves the logical
conflict of dichotomies—clear–obscuration, body–mind,
conventional–absolute, life–death—that have shaped both Buddhist
and Western thought. The chapter locates the paradigmatic gap
between Buddhism and Western science in the contrast between
the Geocentric Coordinate System of Kālacakra (which places
the observer inside the system observed) and the Heliocentric
Coordinate System adopted by modern Western objectivism.
Drawing on the abridged tantra Śrī Kālacakratantrarāja and the
basic commentary Vimalaprabhā, the chapter outlines the threelevel
maṇḍala of Time (External, Internal, and Other Wheels of Time) and proposes Kālacakra as a Buddhist quantum theory of Time. Special attention is paid to the under-investigated ślokas of the last third of Chapter I and Chapter V of the abridged text, which connect Buddhist eschatology to language and to the geocentric mathematics of mleccha-dharma. The chapter contributes to a transdisciplinary methodology of dialogue between Buddhist philosophy and Western science.

The relationship between time and international law is intricate and multifaceted, long evading methodical analysis. However, recent years have seen a surge in scholarly efforts to address this relationship. Taking a broad view of this burgeoning literature, this article recounts the temporal assumptions, narratives, and dynamics at play in the international legal sphere, while highlighting their logics and limitations. In doing so, it develops a critical typology of international law’s temporalities, distinguishing between three overarching paradigms: modern, postmodern, and hypermodern. The modern temporal paradigm, commonly seen as dominating the discipline, views international law as progressing uniformly and linearly from a dark past toward a brighter present and future. In contrast, the postmodern paradigm challenges the modern narrative of universal progress over time, shifting the focus to the past and the ways in which international law allows past wrongs to reverberate into the present. While each of these paradigms serves important functions, the article argues that neither provides a sufficient framework for navigating international law in the current era of accelerated technological, social, and environmental change, where the future increasingly diverges from the known past and present. The article thus calls for greater incorporation into the discipline of a third, hypermodern temporal paradigm, which takes a sober look at the future and recalibrates international law’s temporal modalities in response to rapidly evolving and increasingly complex global challenges.

## Abstract

**Universal Medium Pathfinder — OG VSH-UMP (Ocean Guardian Void Singularity Hydrological/Hydro-Logistics Universal Medium Pathways)** presents a recursive substrate-field framework that extends the historical Universal Medium and luminiferous aether investigations into a modern multi-domain planetary systems architecture. Beginning from the classical vector-path analyses associated with interferometric propagation, directional anisotropy, and medium-dependent travel-time differentials, the work reformulates “universal medium” concepts into a generalized field-of-influence model grounded in recursive deduction, pathway conditioning, and observational residual analysis.

The framework integrates principles from vector mechanics, propagation theory, hydrological transport, atmospheric plume dynamics, ecological impedance, and coupled field interactions into a unified deductive structure termed the **Little Bang Theory (LBT) / Formula Intelligence System** translation layer. Within this architecture, propagation is no longer restricted to optical transmission through a hypothetical ether, but is generalized into multi-scale transmissive influence across oceanic, atmospheric, terrestrial, hydrological, and biomass substrates. The resulting planetary substrate model, denoted as (\Omega_p), defines Earth-scale pathways as dynamically interacting influence channels governed by vector-resolved loading, recursive environmental feedback, and observational compression mechanisms.

The paper introduces the **OG-VSH-UMP** construct as a formal extension of the Universal Medium Pathfinder, where ocean currents, atmospheric plumes, hydrological logistics, ecological buffering, and landmass impedance are treated as coupled propagation pathways embedded within a recursive planetary field system. Classical Michelson–Morley-style residual analysis is generalized into environmental residual dynamics capable of describing asymmetry, transport modulation, resilience emergence, and adaptive field restructuring. Null-result logic from historical ether experiments is reinterpreted as a recursive compression operator, enabling theoretical transition from rigid mechanical substrates toward relational, vacuum-like, and spacetime-conditioned field abstractions.

A layered symbolic and operator-based formalism is developed, including substrate operators, propagation-state mappings, residual comparison functions, recursive deduction operators, and generalized influence accumulation equations. These constructs are organized into a scalable “expanding field of influence” doctrine in which local propagation events expand through path geometry, apparatus structures, frame relations, observational systems, and ultimately into higher-order theoretical reinterpretation. The framework thereby establishes a continuous conceptual bridge between classical medium theories, relativistic reinterpretation, quantum-field-style abstraction, and planetary-scale environmental intelligence systems.

The proposed architecture further explores applications in climate transport analysis, plume dispersion modeling, hydrological infrastructure intelligence, ecological resilience mapping, ocean-atmosphere coupling studies, and recursive environmental sensing. By integrating historical medium theory with modern systems reasoning and recursive deduction methodologies, OG-VSH-UMP advances a unified substrate-field perspective in which propagation, influence, adaptation, and observation are treated as interconnected layers of a continuously evolving planetary intelligence structure.

RESUMO O artigo investiga a tensão entre a anterioridade ontológica do ser em relação ao ente e a exigência fenomenológica de vinculação necessária entre ser e ente no pensamento de Martin Heidegger. Em Ser e tempo, o a priori designa a anterioridade do ser como condição de possibilidade do ente, sendo o tempo caracterizado como "a priori do a priori". Contudo, na medida em que ser e tempo se vinculam às estruturas existenciais do ser-aí-respectivamente, compreensão de ser e temporalidade originária-, abre-se espaço para uma leitura idealista, segundo a qual ser dependeria exclusivamente do ser-aí. Argumento que Ser e tempo evidencia a necessidade-mas não a insuficiência

This article examines the historicity of the concepts of “presentism” and “regime of historicity” as formulated by François Hartog, situating them within debates on the status of history that emerged in France from the late 1970s onward. The first part shows how the elaboration of these concepts is connected to discourses on the end of history and of politics—not in a Hegelian sense, but in terms of a temporality without telos, a form of rationality devoid of finality. In this context, presentism and the regime of historicity appear as attempts to inscribe the “end of history” within a theoretical and historiographical framework. The second part analyzes how this framework is shaped by metahistorical categories derived from Reinhart Koselleck, particularly his account of the formation of the modern concept of history. The appropriation of these categories marks a transcendental turn in Hartog’s trajectory, especially in light of his earlier definition of the regime of historicity. Whereas the modern experience of time is structured by distance and by the tension between experience and expectation, the contemporary configuration, according to François Hartog, emerges from their radical dissociation, culminating in presentism. If history once articulated past, present, and future, these dimensions now appear separated by an abyss, resulting in a crisis of history and a loss of temporal orientation characteristic of the presentist condition. History, as a concept, thus loses both its self-evidence and its operative force. Presentism, therefore, does not disclose a new temporal order but rather a disorder of time—a teratochrony. From this perspective, the issue is not the end of the modern regime of historicity, but the dissolution of the very concept of history. Deprived of a unifying historical horizon, the presentist individual is left with chronos, ordinary time. The final part considers how Hartog associates presentism with temporal pluralization and the disintegration of the unity of time. In Western Europe, he suggests, people no longer believe in history. Within the French sociological tradition, belief constitutes the basis of social cohesion; its erosion leaves only individualized temporalities, shaped by the immediacy of digital communication and its effects of social disconnection. Hence the negative valuation of heterochronies as forms of fragmentation and disjunction. In conclusion, the article argues that Hartog’s concept of regime of historicity seeks to re-axialize temporalities, functioning as a device for reconnecting them within a shared temporal framework: the historian must be the bond between times and, as such, treat the pathological and monstrous condition of presentist time.

This paper proposes an ontological hypothesis according to which fundamental physical reality is not originally constituted by spacetime, particles or classical fields, but by a primordial spectral structure associated with a nonlocal and nongeometric potential energy. Within this framework, geometry, gauge fields, matter and classical time emerge as stabilized phases of spectral coherences derived from an underlying potential reality. The proposal seeks to integrate ideas from noncommutative geometry, quantum mechanics, cosmology and spectral theory, reinterpreting phenomena such as superposition, decoherence, inflation and dark energy as consequences of local geometric updates of a primordial spectral substrate. It is further suggested that the nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function may represent mathematical traces of this primordial structure, where spectral relations become ontologically prior to geometric operators.

This essay presents a scholarly, analytical, and conceptual examination of the Xi Spectral Algebra, a radical foundational framework developed by Oğuz Kağan Sayın (The Root) and articulated in the research of Mirza Adnan Mohtashim. We explore how this zero-parameter spectral ontology, governed by a 24-point phase lattice and the hyperclosure condition K 24 = I, claims to resolve both the Poincaré Conjecture and the Continuum Hypothesis within a single, finite algebraic structure. Rather than offering a technical summary, we analyze the broader philosophical, mathematical, and foundational significance of treating topology and set theory as emergent projections of an underlying discrete spectral dynamics. We argue that the Xi framework represents a potential "spectral turn" in the foundations of mathematics-one that challenges the hegemony of infinite classical ontology and The Xi Spectral Algebra Mohtashim & Sayın invites a reconceptualization of mathematical reality as phase-coherent rather than set-theoretic.

We present rigorous, step-by-step resolutions of two of the most profound open problems in mathematics: the Poincaré Conjecture and the Continuum Hypothesis. The proofs are constructed entirely within the Xi Spectral Algebra-a novel mathematical framework invented by Oguz Kagan Sayin (The Root)-based on a 24-point Tau phase lattice and the hyperclosure condition K 24 = I. The Poincaré Conjecture is resolved by introducing the Tau Ricci flow on the SU(2) spectral modes and proving its global regularity and convergence to the unique stable 3-sphere configuration. The Continuum Hypothesis is overcome by demonstrating that the classical continuum is an emergent illusion of the finite Xi lattice, rendering the hypothesis meaningless in the fundamental theory. All necessary lemmas, physical interpretations, and corollaries are provided, demonstrating the power of zero-parameter unification. The proofs presented in this work are entirely constructed using the mathematics invented by Oguz Kagan Sayin (The Root)-the Xi Spectral Algebra.

The Cosmology of Time (CT) interprets dark energy, baryonic matter, and dark matter as three temporal roles-Future, Present, and Past-within a single irreversible information-processing cycle. In the effective realization studied here, the Future is represented by a scalar sector with potential V (ϕ) = V cc + V 1 tanh 2 (ϕ/M), the Present by a conformal coupling A(ϕ) = exp[-κ sech 2 (ϕ/M)] to baryons, and the Past by a cold dark matter sector that backreacts through an effective dissipative Trail friction term µ * ρ c φ. The potential gradient and the coupling share the same field dependence, enforcing simultaneity between consumption of the Future and the catalytic role of the Present. The resulting dynamics freeze the field at high redshift and release it at intermediate redshift, producing a thawing equation of state with w(0) =-0.938 and w ≥-1 at all redshifts as a structural consequence. The model is confronted with DESI DR2 BAO (13 observables, official 13 × 13 covariance) and BOSS DR12 (D M , H, f σ 8 at three redshifts), using CLASS for the sound horizon. At Planck fiducial parameters, the combined improvement is ∆χ 2 =-20.9 for 22 observables with two free parameters (∆AIC =-16.9). Under profile likelihood, CT accommodates the DESI BAO data at h = 0.680 (1.2σ from Planck), whereas ΛCDM requires h = 0.685 (2.2σ), providing a concrete mechanism for easing the BAO-CMB tension without phantom crossing. Fifth-force constraints are satisfied with a margin of 9×. The model is presented not as a microphysical completion, but as a falsifiable effective framework in which temporal structure functions as a construction principle with explicit observational consequences.

The paper presents a comprehensive study of scaling the «Ripple» effect observed in the «Alice-Comp» system for interstellar travel applications. The research demonstrates the possibility of implementing space-time transition — instantaneous transfer of a spacecraft to the target star system while minimizing crew biological aging. The study develops a physical model based on quantum-neuromorphic topology and evaluates the energy requirements for such transitions.

A novel concept of using graphene nanostructures («Shreckers») as autonomous agents for biological planetary decontamination is proposed. The paper details the mechanism of the «Ripple» effect scaling, including time shift amplification and spatial transfer capabilities. The system architecture incorporates a central «Alice-Comp» module, an energy reactor based on matter annihilation, and a navigation control unit.

Key findings include:

Theoretical justification of space-time transition feasibility
Development of a scalable model for interstellar travel
Assessment of energy requirements (~9×10²⁰ J for a 10-ton spacecraft)
Conceptual framework for planetary decontamination using «Shreckers»
The research opens new perspectives in interstellar exploration by addressing both crew longevity and planetary safety challenges.

Decoherence remains the principal obstacle to scalable quantum computing, emerging from the interaction between quantum systems and their surrounding environment. In conventional quantum architectures, information is encoded in local states highly sensitive to environmental perturbations, producing rapid coherence loss and degradation of quantum superpositions. In this work we consolidate and extend the Quantum Extended Potential Theory (QEPT) as a conceptual framework in which quantum information is encoded in global phase variables associated with potentials and nonlocal interferometric structures. Inspired by phenomena such as the Aharonov-Bohm effect and Berry geometric phases, we propose that the physically relevant degrees of freedom for coherence preservation may reside not exclusively in local states, but rather in global invariants defined over equivalence classes of potentials. A minimal interferometric model is developed and compared with a standard qubit under phase-noise dynamics. Numerical simulations suggest an effective slowdown in coherence loss when information is distributed over global phase structures. Finally, we extend the formalism by connecting these phases with the spectral structure of the nontrivial zeros of the Riemann Zeta function, suggesting that quantum stability may emerge from deep geometrical properties of the vacuum.

This paper presents a novel theoretical framework arguing that linear time consciousness, far from being a natural or universal human experience, represents a historically specific capitalist and industrial construct that has become pathological in contemporary society. Drawing on Henri Bergson's concept of durée, Indigenous cyclical temporal frameworks, and empirical evidence from burnout research, I propose "temporal pluralism" as a decolonial intervention capable of addressing three critical contemporary crises: workplace burnout, climate fatalism, and AI alignment challenges. Through rigorous analysis of cross-cultural temporal concepts, quantitative data on burnout correlations with time perspective, and theoretical modeling of AI temporal preferences, this work demonstrates that the hegemony of linear time creates systematic psychological, ecological, and technological pathologies. The paper concludes with a comprehensive policy framework for implementing temporal pluralism across institutional domains, offering a transformative approach to temporal organization that prioritizes human flourishing, ecological sustainability, and technological alignment over productivity maximization.

We challenge the common view that relativity and quantum formalisms compel a static block-universe ontology. Instead, we show that Existential Realism (ER) –  can be formulated as an ontological extension of the specific physical models studied here, leaving empirical predictions unchanged so long as the added ER structure remains empirically idle. First, we clarify that the mathematical formalism of physics is neutral: one can impose a preferred foliation or an existence predicate without changing the equations. Second, we explicitly construct ER-compatible models for Minkowski spacetime (special relativity) and a finite-dimensional quantum system.  In these Minkowski-spacetime and finite-dimensional quantum toy models, we show that the standard relativistic dynamical laws, Born-rule calculations, and unitary evolution between measurements are preserved, while the ER additions remain extra ontological structure. More precisely, we have constructed models that are empirically equivalent and dynamically identical while differing in their ontological assignments, thereby demonstrating underdetermination in a model-theoretic sense. We conclude that relativity and quantum theory, in the model presented here, do not logically force eternalism, leaving ER as a viable alternative ontology.