Undocumented Immigration

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP, 2007) enshrines the right of peoples to preserve their cultural continuity, demographic integrity, and ways of life against external disruption. Through this paper, it is argued that these principles, as written, apply with logical symmetry to all rooted peoples-including the established national populations of Europe and other regions subject to large-scale demographic change through policy-driven mass migration, such as those in the western world. The selective application of indigenous rights frameworks to certain groups, while denying the same protections to others, constitutes a jurisprudential inconsistency that undermines the universality upon which international human rights law depends. Furthermore, the cultural homogenization produced by unmanaged globalist migration policy threatens the very diversity that the international community claims to protect. This paper examines the legal architecture of UNDRIP, the philosophical foundations of cultural preservation rights, and the political economy of migration policy, concluding that a principled and non-discriminatory application of existing international norms supports the right of native European and other established populations to advocate for the continuity of their cultures, languages and demographic character-not as an act of exclusion, but as a mere act of consistency.

This paper centers Arizona as a critical site in the racialized criminalization of immigrants-a practice known as "crimmigration"-and the associated adaptive reuse of prison infrastructure. Focusing on a closed prison facility in the Town of Marana that is slated to reopen as an immigration detention center, we propose the concept of a "carceral fix," wherein declining incarceration rates are offset by expanded civil immigration detention. Expanding Gilmore's theory of the "prison fix," we show how political and legal adaptations enable private and public actors to repurpose existing prison space for immigrant confinement amid unprecedented federal investment and intensified racialized enforcement. "Carcerality" names this expansive system of cordoning, confinement, control of which immigrant detention is part. In doing so, we situate Marana within Southern Arizona's long history of punitive prison politics and anti-Mexican social and legal sentiment, demonstrating how criminalization, racialization, and gang labeling continue to generate and profit from imprisoned populations in a state that has long served as a model for punishment.

Is there a sense in which archaeological artefacts can be activated within the present, perhaps even to call forth different futures? This article involves a personal accountalongside archaeological analysis (and some theoretical speculation)-of an encounter with the Folkton Drums and how a kind of "re-versioning" of them in and for the present allows other affects and meanings to foreground themselves. At stake here especially is a relationship to grief, but also the way in which landscape and community are linked to different devices-such as the drums-both in the past but also in our contemporary moment too. The essay moves between an academic/scholarly mode and a more auto style of writing-the rationale here being that the work of the drums is itself of an intimate and personal character and thus, to a certain extent, calls for a different kind of engagement and writing that is appropriate to this work.

The Trump administration threatened to revoke Temporary Protected Status
(TPS), a humanitarian blanket relief for hundreds of thousands of non-citizens
living in the U.S. This article provides an analysis of the collective claims
making of TPS holders and allies. I suggest reading the emergence of the
movement by drawing on the spatial and temporal strategies employed by
non-citizens making claims on the state for ensuring civil rights and defining
how they should belong. Rather than viewing non-citizens as always external
to the political community, my analysis highlights the interactions between
TPS holders – as collective actors – and state agencies. Through the concept of
reach, this paper develops an argument that mobilizing around litigation,
lobbying, and protests, creates spaces for TPS holders to reach across the
ontological divide between citizens and non-citizens. I derive empirical
evidence from the strategies deployed by TPS holders and activists to make
political claims materialized through lawsuits, bus, and caravan. I also draw
on media analysis and interviews with representatives of organizations
engaged in or leading the movement. By bringing into productive
conversation the literature on TPS holders and social movement, the
discussion contributes to the scholarship at the nexus of social movement
theory and migrant mobilization.

The depiction of women in Indian writings in English has undergone a remarkable transformation, reecting the socio
cultural, political, and economic shifts in Indian society. Early portrayals often reinforced patriarchal ideals, presenting
women as passive, submissive, or idealized gures. However, with the rise of feminist consciousness and the emergence of women writers,
literature began to foreground female subjectivity, agency, and resistance. Professor Sandhya Tiwari's scholarship has been instrumental in
analysing these shifts, particularly through her works on diaspora identity, feminist literary criticism, and gender politics. Her studies on marital
discord, feminist solidarity, and cultural displacement highlight the dynamic nature of women's representation in Indian English literature. This
article explores the evolution of women's depiction, situating it within feminist criticism, postcolonial theory, and cultural studies, while drawing
upon ten of Professor Tiwari's indexed works to provide scholarly grounding.

El presente artículo expone los avances metodológicos
y resultados preliminares del Atlas de violencia
de género del estado de Quintana Roo, cuyo propósito es
analizar la manifestación territorial de la violencia contra las
mujeres mediante un enfoque multiescalar. Se presentan los
hallazgos del estudio de caso del municipio de Bacalar para
el periodo 2019-2024. La investigación utiliza estadísticas
oficiales del BANAVIM y de la Secretaría de Seguridad Ciudadana
(SSC-911), calcula tasas acumuladas y promedios anuales,
y aplica análisis de densidad de Kernel para identificar
patrones espaciales y su evolución temporal. Los resultados
muestran que la violencia letal y no letal se concentra en
áreas asociadas a rezago social, usos del suelo específicos y
desigualdades territoriales. Asimismo, el estudio documenta
un incremento del 30 % en los casos registrados en Bacalar,
al pasar de 273 en 2019 a 355 en 2024. Se concluye que las herramientas geoespaciales –incluyendo mapas de calor, clústeres
espaciales, análisis de accesibilidad y cruces temáticos–
permiten visibilizar la dimensión socioespacial de la violencia
de género y ofrecen insumos relevantes para la planeación
pública y el diseño de estrategias locales de prevención.

This paper focuses on retornados (the returning migrants) in Jalisco, Mexico. One hundred thirty-eight men who returned at different times, between 1970 and 2011 were studied. These men work on their own land or for an agri-industry doing livestock-related work. Qualitative analysis was done from retornados´ surveys and employers´ interviews. Their words reveal a re-acculturation process. During their absence, they and their homes and families changed. Retornados experience re-acculturation stress because they have to adjust back into their families, work and community. While the family is a key resource to ease the re-acculturation, it also experiences challenges in the reintegration; therefore, intervention programs can be developed to help this process.

It is proposed in this paper to analyze discourses about the immigrant taking as a theoretical basis the bakhtinian perspective of dialogic language, especially on the conception of future memory and study of the utterance. From the dialogues constructed in the journalistic media on the immigrant, two charges are considered for the analysis. They were published in 2018 in the french newspaper Le Monde and shared by the french blog GalliaWatch. Both charges bring as a theme the episode of rescue of a child performed by malian immigrant Mamoudou Gassama in May 2018, in the city of Paris.

Il s'agit, pour ainsi dire, d'un article posthume. Écrit plusieurs années après mon départ du monde universitaire, il revient sur les circonstances qui me conduisirent, à 35 ans, à abandonner ce qui avait été bien plus qu’une carrière : une vocation, une raison d’être. Il éclaire aussi le projet intellectuel qui me portait alors, et les raisons pour lesquelles je ne suis en mesure de le revendiquer qu’aujourd’hui.

Qu’il soit clair que le changement de trajectoire professionnelle auquel j’ai dû me résoudre après l’expérience équatorienne ne fut ni un choix, ni un caprice, ni une opportunité saisie. Ce fut une nécessité — pour, comme me l’avait dit un ami, « non seulement survivre, mais vivre », et vivre dignement.

This article examines migrant agricultural labour in southern Italy as a concentrated site of contemporary extractive capitalism. Focusing on the 2011 strike of migrant workers in Nardò (Apulia) and the subsequent Sabr trial, it argues that labour exploitation in European agriculture is not a marginal deviation or the result of criminal excess, but a structurally organised regime sustained through migration control, labour flexibilisation and territorial governance. Situating the case within the framework of racial capitalism and state-mediated extraction, the article conceptualises Europe as a space of internal frontiers, where incorporation into production is systematically coupled with precarious legal and political membership. The Nardò strike exposed the racialised foundations of agricultural production, while the Sabr trial translated structural exploitation into individualised criminal responsibility. Together, they illuminate the dialectic between conflict and legality through which extractive labour regimes are both challenged and stabilised. By foregrounding the legal and institutional production of vulnerability, the article contributes to a critical understanding of how democratic legality coexists with, and mediates, extractive accumulation in contemporary Europe.

This article examines migrant agricultural labour in southern Italy as a concentrated site of contemporary extractive capitalism. Focusing on the 2011 strike of migrant workers in Nardò (Apulia) and the subsequent Sabr trial, it argues that labour exploitation in European agriculture is not a marginal deviation or the result of criminal excess, but a structurally organised regime sustained through migration control, labour flexibilisation and territorial governance. Situating the case within the framework of racial capitalism and state-mediated extraction, the article conceptualises Europe as a space of internal frontiers, where incorporation into production is systematically coupled with precarious legal and political membership. The Nardò strike exposed the racialised foundations of agricultural production, while the Sabr trial translated structural exploitation into individualised criminal responsibility. Together, they illuminate the dialectic between conflict and legality through which extractive labour regimes are both challenged and stabilised. By foregrounding the legal and institutional production of vulnerability, the article contributes to a critical understanding of how democratic legality coexists with, and mediates, extractive accumulation in contemporary Europe.

Access to advanced solutions is often shaped by financial constraints, particularly in systems where innovation is associated with high cost. In healthcare, patient-specific spinal implants represent a major advancement in the treatment of complex spinal deformities, offering improved precision and clinical outcomes. However, their high cost limits accessibility, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Similarly, in the entrepreneurial sector, ethnic minority entrepreneurs frequently encounter financial barriers that restrict their ability to adopt innovative strategies and achieve competitive performance. This study examines how financial constraints influence access to advanced solutions in both healthcare and entrepreneurship by integrating clinical and economic perspectives. The findings show that limited access to resources leads to disparities in outcomes, as individuals and organizations are forced to rely on less optimal solutions. The study highlights the importance of improving affordability and access to ensure that the benefits of innovation are widely distributed.

This paper is about a metapragmatic-sociolinguistic investigation of linguistic processes of the construction of linguistic-variational features in Salvadoran Spanish – specifically in “El Niño de Hollywood” (2018) by Martínez and Martínez. In this work, the authors attempted to approach socio-cultural realities in rural El Salvador by, among other things, realistically imitating the speakers – and thus became social actors themselves, inscribing certain linguistic features as salient for specific rural varieties of Salvadoran Spanish among readers. This contribution qualitatively analyzes various features on the linguistic levels of phonetics, morphosyntax, and lexis in both works. However, the focus is on the pronominal forms of address usted, tú and vos, which are used in the works as part of the fictional linguistic varieties of the rural protagonists. It is not only between leaders and common gang members that a hierarchical structure is created through communicative acts. Between individual gang members, too, the otherwise predominantly solidary style of communication with vos is set aside and a differential hierarchical positioning is established linguistically through the use of the personal pronouns tú and usted. The metapragmatic processes lead to the inscription of (fictitious) rural language usage and are thus part of the enregisterment of rural varieties in El Salvador as “deviant” and “different” varieties of (urban) Salvadoran Spanish.

Irregular migration at the Canada-US border, along with associated dangers, has received increased attention since the implementation of the Canada-US Safe Third Country Agreement. Reports by nongovernmental organizations highlight the lethality of irregular migration at this border. Nevertheless, not only do reports fail to provide estimates of migrant fatalities, but there are also no official data sources on deaths produced by authorities in either country. Using this silence as a starting point, we ask: How many migrants perish while crossing the Canada-US border? To what extent, if at all, are US and Canadian officials tracking border-crosser deaths in this region? What can we learn from media reporting on this issue? We addressed these questions by (1) submitting public records requests to federal authorities in Canada and the United States, and (2) conducting an exhaustive search of media coverage on migrant deaths published by Canadian and US newspapers. Records requests resulted in just one migrant fatality recorded by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Yet, media reports confirmed 40 migrant fatalities, which most likely constitute an undercount. Given the overall underwhelming attention paid to deaths at the Canada-US border, we conclude by discussing the factors contributing to the lack of visibility of this ongoing human tragedy. Considering our study's findings, we provide the following policy recommendations: • • The federal governments of the United States and Canada should create a classification system-like the one utilized by the Pima County Office of the Medical Examiner in Tucson, Arizona-that local Keywords migrant death, border enforcement, invisibilization, Canada-US border, Canada-US Safe Third Country Agreement

This op-ed examines how anti-immigrant rhetoric in the United States is rooted in demographic anxiety rather than concerns about safety or legality. It critiques fear-based political narratives and emphasizes the public's responsibility to engage critically with official discourse—especially when those in power depart from evidence and promote misleading or false claims. The piece argues for grounding public understanding and policy priorities in empirical evidence rather than political propaganda.

Esto es parte de la conclusión del libro Tras el Muro. Una propuesta de acción La actual política inmigratoria de Estados Unidos ha afectado de una manera muy preocupante los derechos humanos al grado que ha atraído la condena de algunos organismos internacionales como Amnistía Internacional. Ha agredido el sistema constitucional de libertades, está provocando un gran sufrimiento económico, social y político tanto entre los inmigrantes como entre los estadounidenses y no parece llevar a ningún lado. Considerando que el problema de la pobreza no se resolverá en el corto plazo y que los acicates a la emigración persistirán, queremos proponer varias acciones que podrían orientar el tema en otra dirección.

Support for Cooperative Extension is supplied by federal, state, and county governments. Cooperative Extension provides the people of California with the latest scientific information in agriculture and family and comsumer sciences. It also sponsors the 4-H Youth Program. Cooperative Extension representatives, serving all counties in California, are known as farm, home. or youth advisors. Their offices usually are located in the county seat. They will be happy to provide you with information in their fields of work.

The increased use of digital technologies in career and educational fields has amplified the need to redefine Arabic for Specific Purposes (ASP) curricula so that digitally literate students are systematically integrated into instruction. Drawing on English for Specific Purposes (ESP) theory, digital literacy frameworks, and sociocultural approaches to learning, this theoretical paper proposes a pedagogical model for integrating digital literacy into ASP coursework in higher education. Needs analysis, discourse authenticity, and purposeful language use-central to ESP-provide a structured approach to align digital practices with learners' professional and disciplinary communication needs. Digital literacy is conceptualized not merely as technical skill but as the capacity to access, assess, create, and express specialized knowledge through digital media. Sociocultural theory further positions digital tools as mediational resources that scaffold interaction with specialized Arabic genres. The framework identifies key curriculum dimensions, including needs-based digital task design, genre-oriented instruction with authentic online texts, and development of productive and critical digital practices. Pedagogical challenges such as misalignment of tools and objectives, unequal digital competence, and overreliance on receptive skills are addressed. The model offers a principled structure for curriculum design, teacher training, and program quality enhancement. Future research directions include empirical validation and digital integration studies.

El reconocimiento del matrimonio entre parejas del mismo sexo en Costa Rica constituye uno de los hitos más significativos en la historia reciente de los derechos humanos de las personas LGBTIQ en la región. Sin embargo, lejos de ser un acontecimiento aislado o el resultado exclusivo de la voluntad estatal, esta efectivización de derecho debe entenderse como parte de un proceso social complejo y dialéctico, atravesado por disputas políticas, resistencias culturales y profundas reconfiguraciones en torno a la ciudadanía y la igualdad jurídica.

Este artículo propone una revisión crítica de las categorías migración y movilidad a partir del análisis de los desplazamientos internacionales de recursos humanos en ciencia y tecnología. Ambas nociones, consolidadas en la literatura especializada, suelen presentarse como excluyentes: la migración como proceso unidireccional, de larga duración y asociado a factores estructurales; la movilidad como un tránsito temporal, reversible y vinculado a las redes científicas internacionales. Con base en un estudio cualitativo —entrevistas en profundidad a doctores/as argentinos/as que residieron en España y retornaron a su país a partir de 2008— se analizan proyectos migratorios que revelan la porosidad entre ambas categorías. La noción de proyecto migratorio se presenta aquí como una herramienta analítica útil para comprender cómo se redefinen sentidos, duraciones y motivaciones en el marco de decisiones personales, trayectorias profesionales y transformaciones contextuales. Lejos de encasillar las experiencias en categorías rígidas, el artículo muestra cómo migración y movilidad pueden superponerse, alternarse o resignificarse en un mismo itinerario. Se enfatiza en que estos perfiles no deben ser abordados solo como un stock de conocimientos ni desde perspectivas centradas únicamente en motivaciones profesionales. Se trata de personas que al momento de desplazarse (emigrar, retornar o reemigrar) articulan proyectos de vida —temporales o indefinidos— en los que lo profesional y lo personal se entrelazan de manera dinámica, inacabada, modificable y, a veces, contradictoria. El enfoque propuesto invita a repensar indicadores y dimensiones de análisis capaces de captar la complejidad de las migraciones calificadas.

Objective/Context: this article presents a critical review of the categories “migration” and “mobility” based on the analysis of international movements of human resources in science and technology (HRST). These concepts, well-established in the specialized literature, are often presented as mutually exclusive: migration as a unidirectional, long-term process associated with structural factors, and mobility as a temporary, reversible movement linked to international scientific networks. Methodology: drawing on a qualitative study —semi-structured interviews with Argentine PhDs who lived in Spain and returned to their country from 2008 onward— the article examines migratory projects that reveal the porosity between these two categories. The concept of a migratory project is presented as an analytical tool that helps understand how meanings, durations, and motivations are redefined within the framework of personal decisions, professional trajectories, and contextual transformations. Conclusions: rather than fitting experiences into rigid categories, the article shows how migration and mobility can overlap, alternate, or be re-signified within a single trajectory. It emphasizes that these profiles should not be treated merely as a “stock” of knowledge or approached solely from professional motivations. These are individuals who, when moving (emigrating, returning, or re-emigrating), articulate life projects —temporary or indefinite— in which professional and personal dimensions intertwine in a dynamic, unfinished, flexible, and sometimes contradictory manner. Originality: this approach invites a reconsideration of indicators and analytical dimensions capable of capturing the complexity of highly skilled migrations.

This paper examines undocumented immigrant survival as a form of political resistance through an intersectional feminist lens. Drawing on personal experiences as a youth organizer in New Haven, Connecticut, the paper explores how undocumented women navigate structural violence within immigration systems, healthcare institutions, and labor structures. Using Chela Sandoval’s concept of differential consciousness, the essay argues that everyday acts of survival, community organizing, caregiving, storytelling, and cultural preservation constitute forms of resistance against systems of racial capitalism and neoliberal governance. Through autoethnographic reflection and community-based observations, this work highlights how undocumented women and gender-expansive individuals create networks of resilience that challenge dominant narratives of vulnerability. The paper argues that immigrant justice must be understood as inseparable from gender justice and broader struggles for social equality.

The multibillion-dollar California cannabis (Cannabis sativa, marijuana) industry employs an unknown number of seasonal workers, including many immigrants. Most production occurs in the remote, rural, far-northern counties where farms may be hours by vehicle from the nearest town. While licenses for cannabis cultivation became available following legalization in California for adult recreational use in 2016, most cannabis—about 80%—is still grown on unlicensed farms. Cannabis is a labor-intensive crop, and the skilled and time-consuming task of hand-trimming flow­ers is the most common seasonal job in the indus­try. Some immigrant workers return for multiple cannabis harvest seasons and are attracted to the work by an interest in the cannabis culture and consumption or the opportunity to earn enough money in several months to live the rest of the year in their home country. Others are farmworkers moving from work in traditional crops for the rela­tively higher pay in the cannabis in...

A version of this report was produced for a public symposium convened by MPI's National Center on Immigrant Integration Policy in January 2013. The goal of this and other reports in the series is to frame the major policy and practice issues affecting children (birth through age 10) with immigrant parents. By drawing on scholarly research, the papers collectively address public policy in the areas of early education, health, and immigration. Both the symposium and the research flowing from it were supported by the Foundation for Child Development.

This dissertation investigates the role of undocumented farmworkers in sustaining food security in California, a state that produces a substantial share of the United States' fruits, vegetables, and specialty crops. Despite their central contribution to agricultural productivity, undocumented farmworkers experience persistent legal, economic, and social vulnerabilities that threaten both worker well-being and the resilience of the food system. Drawing on qualitative interviews with farm owners and stakeholders, economic and market analyses, and an extensive review of food security and labor policy literature, this study examines how undocumented labor supports food affordability while simultaneously absorbing structural risks within the agricultural economy. The findings demonstrate that undocumented farmworkers are essential to preventing labor shortages and stabilizing food prices, yet they face disproportionately high levels of food insecurity, exclusion from social safety nets, and hazardous working conditions. Immigration enforcement and policy uncertainty further exacerbate supplychain fragility. This study concludes that sustainable food security in California requires policy interventions that integrate immigration reform, labor protections, and long-term agricultural sustainability. Addressing these issues is essential not only for farmworker equity but also for the stability of regional and national food systems.

إنّ الحديث عن "العشرية السوداء" بوصفها مجرد مواجهة بين إسلاميين "أصوليين" ونخب "حداثية" لا يعدو أن يكون إمّا ضربًا من الكسل الفكري، أو تعبيرًا عن سوء نية جيوسياسية. فهذا السرد المريح قد أتاح للرأي العام الدولي أن يُدرج الجزائر ضمن الخانة الجاهزة لما يُسمّى بـ"حروب الحضارات". غير أنّ الواقع كان أشدّ خطورة، ومصدر قلق أكبر.
في كتابه «تحولات المجتمع الجزائري»، أدرك عدي الهواري مبكرًا أن العنف الذي شهدته الجزائر خلال تسعينيات القرن الماضي لم يكن في جوهره ذا طابع ديني، بل كان عنفًا ذا أبعاد اجتماعية وأنثروبولوجية وبنيوية. فلم تكن الحرب صراعًا بين أيديولوجيتين متقابلتين بقدر ما كانت مواجهة عميقة داخل نسيج المجتمع ذاته؛ أي صراع مجتمع مع نفسه.

This article presents the English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Know Your Rights Tool Kit, a popular education resource developed collaboratively by action researchers, ESOL instructors, and undocumented migrant adults. The tool kit draws on migrant learners’ commitments to learning English while facilitating their developing knowledge of human and legal rights literacy information. The article situates resources engaged in ESOL classrooms within a psychopolitical educational framework (Prilleltensky, 2008) and discusses the tool kit’s contributions towards bolstering these resources. It concludes with next steps for the tool kit, focusing upon its potential to foster action and advocacy within migrant communities.

en el presente artículo se aborda el fenómeno de la migración internacional indocumentada méxico-estados unidos, que junto con el tráfico de drogas ha conducido a que el gobierno estadounidense, en especial en las últimas décadas, establezca mayores medidas de control y contención, a través del reforzamiento en la vigilancia fronteriza. en este sentido, se plantearon los siguientes objetivos: establecer los nexos entre las políticas migratorias orientadas al reforzamiento de la frontera y el incremento de la actividad delictiva asociada al tráfico ilegal de indocumentados y otros tipos de actividades ilícitas; destacar los riesgos que implica la proliferación de delitos cometidos por bandas organizadas, que operan en el negocio ilícito del tráfico de indocumentados, y resaltar la victimización múltiple de que son objeto los migrantes internacionales indocumentados. Palabras clave: tráfico ilícito de drogas, delitos, delincuencia organizada, migración, frontera (fuente: Tesauro de la política criminal latinoamericana -ILAnuD). This article covers the phenomenon of illegal trafficking of immigrants from mexico to the united states, which together with illicit drug trafficking, has led the us government to establish more severe control and contention measures -mainly in the past decades -by reinforcing border surveillance. In this sense, the following goals were set: to establish links between migration policies geared to reinforcing said border and increased crime activity associated to illegal trafficking of immigrants and other types of illicit activities; to highlight the risks involved in the proliferation of offenses made by criminal groups operating illegal trafficking of immigrants; and to point out the multiple victimization international immigrants go through.

This essay provides an in-depth look into the development and evolution of the exhibition State of Exception, created by artist and curator Amanda Krugliak and photographer and artist Richard Barnes, in collaboration with anthropologist Jason de León. The exhibition features items left behind by migrants in the Arizona desert on the U.S.-Mexican border, such as backpacks, clothing, and personal items. Through careful curation and the inclusion of video and sound materials, State of Exception adds a unique and intimate perspective to ongoing and often contentious conversations about clandestine border crossings.

Despite little evidence of an immigration-crime nexus, many American jurisdictions have adopted a punitive approach to undocumented immigrants and an increasingly restrictive and exclusive system of immigration control. The extensive deployment of criminal justice measures to address the immigration “problem” led to the growth of a crimmigration apparatus—a mesh of immigration and criminal justice systems. Drawing on extant literature and applying the framework of the penal field, the article examines the social dynamics, processes, and consequences of crimmigration. It is argued that the portrayal of immigrants as “symbolic assailants” has facilitated the creation and operation of crimmigration under the guise of crime prevention rather than for addressing terrorism and national security—the presumed purpose of utilizing crimmigration practices. The current configuration of crimmigration across the United States is the interactive product of minority threat, partisan politics, and ...

Este libro compila los trabajos galardonados por el Premio Alemán de Periodismo Walter Reuter (PAPWR), ofreciendo una radiografía crítica de la realidad mexicana de las últimas décadas. Bajo la coordinación de la Dra. Ana Jacoby, la obra documenta un periodismo situado en una "bisagra histórica": un momento donde la labor informativa enfrenta tanto la industrialización de la desinformación tecnológica como la violencia física y la precariedad laboral. A través de ejes temáticos como la corrupción sistémica, las violencias de género, la crisis migratoria y el saqueo ambiental, el volumen se constituye como un homenaje a quienes fueron galardonados con el premio y un ejercicio de memoria documental. El texto destaca el valor del pluralismo y el consenso factual como herramientas indispensables para la supervivencia democrática en México.

PT's most defining features. In the third section we exemplify the application of PT in CIE. We conclude by summarizing our main ideas about the potential of PT for comparative education research and with some recommendations on PT application. PT as a "Big Tent": Common Characteristics of a Research Approach While sometimes characterized as a research method, it is more accurate to define PT as an analytical strategy or research approach. Indeed, there is growing awareness of the impossibility of translating the principles of PT into a fixed methodological strategy. As we show in this section, the most defining characteristics of PT do not concern the use of specific methods, but a series of ontological and epistemological stances. PT's most defining features include: (1) a mode of causal inference that does not exclusively rely on covariation; (2) a focus on mechanism-based and theory-informed explanations; (3) an in-depth consideration of context and time; and (4) acceptance of a plurality of data sources.

Esta obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons. Para ver una copia de esta licencia, visite . Acta Académica es un proyecto académico sin fines de lucro enmarcado en la iniciativa de acceso abierto. Acta Académica fue creado para facilitar a investigadores de todo el mundo el compartir su producción académica. Para crear un perfil gratuitamente o acceder a otros trabajos visite: .

The Eiffel Tower is an enduring symbol, and people from around the world dream of travelling to Paris to gaze at it. Walking amongst the millions of tourists who visit the famous site each year are an enterprising group of African souvenir vendors whose livelihoods rely on the sales of miniature versions of the structure. As visibly omnipresent as these sellers are at the tower, their experience as undocumented migrants working unofficially makes them invisible. For the Paris authorities, the mere presence of Africans offering cheap keepsakes at the Eiffel Tower is considered an illegal nuisance that must be eradicated. No matter, recurrent police interventions have failed to cease the unauthorised souvenir market. Because these independent entrepreneurs are neither wanted nor welcomed, Africans selling trinkets at the iconic Parisian site face daily challenges. Until now, no one has ever investigated or profoundly surveyed their experience working at one of the most-visited places in the world. This study aims to demystify this unique group of Africans in Paris after observing and informally engaging with them directly concerning various topics. Despite the demur realities confronting them as undocumented migrants living clandestinely in a country that does not want them, these migrants remain hopeful for the future.

Si bien la migración ha cobrado cada vez más importancia en las campañas presidenciales estadounidenses, también existe una creciente fabricación sistemática de desinformación para confundir y dividir a la sociedad, especialmente con el objetivo de discriminar a los trabajadores migrantes indocumentados y a sus familias.

Amidst scientific progress and escalating pollution, largely attributed to human activities that drive
climate change and natural disasters, an urgent concern has emerged; namely, the threat to the security and
well-being of populations. Residents in these affected regions are increasingly vulnerable, facing direct
threats to their safety and security due to these catastrophic events. Climate change is no longer solely an
environmental concern but has become a legal and humanitarian challenge that necessitates an immediate
global response to ensure the protection of vulnerable groups. Addressing this requires the development of
robust legal frameworks that ensure their right to a safe life and a healthy environment, firmly grounded                                                                                                                            within the principles of human rights and international law. This is essential to uphold the fundamental
human right to life and to live in a healthy and clean environment.
Consequently, environmental asylum has emerged. While international law includes treaties and
conventions designed to protect refugees – notably the 1951 Refugee Convention and its 1967 Protocol –
these instruments do not extend their provisions to environmental refugees. The existing legal protections are
primarily tailored for individuals fleeing armed conflict or political persecution, thereby neglecting those
forced to migrate due to environmental shifts and natural disasters. As a result, the current legal framework is
inadequate to address the specific circumstances of environmental refugees, highlighting the urgent need for
dedicated legal regulation to ensure their humanitarian and legal protection. This imperative highlights the
necessity for in-depth research and the formulation of appropriate international legal protection.
Keywords: asylum; environmental refugees; natural disasters; human rights; climate change