Ivan de Paul

Followers

Following

Co-authors

Public Views

Uploads

Papers by Ivan de Paul

Identification of bacteria in vitro. Experimental setting

Identification of bacteria in vitro. Experimental setting.</p

RESEARCH ARTICLE Using the Electronic Nose to Identify Airway Infection during COPD Exacerbations

Background The electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air.... more Background The electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. We hypothesized that the exhaled VOCs print is different in stable vs. exacerbated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly if the latter is associated with airway bacterial infection, and that the e-nose can distinguish them. Methods Smell-prints of the bacteria most commonly involved in exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) were identified in vitro. Subsequently, we tested our hypothesis in 93 patients with ECOPD, 19 of them with pneumonia, 50 with stable COPD and 30 healthy controls in a cross-sec-tional case-controlled study. Secondly, ECOPD patients were re-studied after 2 months if clinically stable. Exhaled air was collected within a Tedlar bag and processed by a Cynar-ose 320 e-nose. Breath-prints were analyzed by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) with “One Out ” technique and Sensor logic Relations (SLR). Sputum samples were collected for culture.

Chaotic Signal Generation in the MHz Range with a Monolithic CMOS-MEMS Microbeam Resonator

For the first time, chaotic signal generation with a simple and straight clamped-clamped beam res... more For the first time, chaotic signal generation with a simple and straight clamped-clamped beam resonator has been experimentally measured. The submicrometric MHz resonator and the readout circuit have been fabricated and monolithically integrated using a commercial $0.35-\mu\mathrm{m}$ CMOS technology. Extensive homoclinic chaotic motion has been obtained from the bistable cc-beam resonator and validated by means of a positive Lyapunov exponent.

Download

MALDI-TOF analysis of blood serum proteome can predict the presence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

PloS one, 2018

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a plasma cell dyscrasia that can pro... more Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a plasma cell dyscrasia that can progress to malignant multiple myeloma (MM). Specific molecular biomarkers to classify the MGUS status and discriminate the initial asymptomatic phase of MM have not been identified. We examined the serum peptidome profile of MGUS patients and healthy volunteers using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and developed a predictive model for classifying serum samples. The predictive model was built using a support vector machine (SVM) supervised learning method tuned by applying a 20-fold cross-validation scheme. Predicting class labels in a blinded test set containing randomly selected MGUS and healthy control serum samples validated the model. The generalization performance of the predictive model was evaluated by a double cross-validation method that showed 88% average model accuracy, 89% average sensitivity and 86% average specificity. Our model, which classifies unknown serum samples as belongin...

Download

Using the Electronic Nose to Identify Airway Infection during COPD Exacerbations

PLOS ONE, 2015

The electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. We hypothe... more The electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. We hypothesized that the exhaled VOCs print is different in stable vs. exacerbated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly if the latter is associated with airway bacterial infection, and that the e-nose can distinguish them. Smell-prints of the bacteria most commonly involved in exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) were identified in vitro. Subsequently, we tested our hypothesis in 93 patients with ECOPD, 19 of them with pneumonia, 50 with stable COPD and 30 healthy controls in a cross-sectional case-controlled study. Secondly, ECOPD patients were re-studied after 2 months if clinically stable. Exhaled air was collected within a Tedlar bag and processed by a Cynarose 320 e-nose. Breath-prints were analyzed by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) with "One Out" technique and Sensor logic Relations (SLR). Sputum samples were collected for culture. ECOPD with evidence of infection were significantly distinguishable from non-infected ECOPD (p = 0.018), with better accuracy when ECOPD was associated to pneumonia. The same patients with ECOPD were significantly distinguishable from stable COPD during follow-up (p = 0.018), unless the patient was colonized. Additionally, breath-prints from COPD patients were significantly distinguished from healthy controls. Various bacteria species were identified in culture but the e-nose was unable to identify accurately the bacteria smellprint in infected patients.

Download

Transient current testing based on current (charge) integration

Proceedings 1998 IEEE International Workshop on IDDQ Testing (Cat. No.98EX232)

Abstract We evaluated a technique that uses power supply charge as the test observable. Charge wa... more Abstract We evaluated a technique that uses power supply charge as the test observable. Charge was computed from the measured supply transient current waveform. Data show that this method is efficient to detect those defects that prevent current elevation (mainly “hard” opens) and therefore represents a valid extension of I DDQ

A BIST-based charge analysis for embedded memories

Proceedings. 10th IEEE International On-Line Testing Symposium

We present a BIST architecture to perform charge based analysis on embedded memories. The archite... more We present a BIST architecture to perform charge based analysis on embedded memories. The architecture includes a charge monitor as well as the input generation and output processing circuitry. The method applies a charge correlation technique, validated experimentally on previous works for submicron SRAMs. The technique requires a short pre-characterization phase during manufacturing testing that guarantees process-variation immunity. The embedded

Practical Hardware Implementation of Self-configuring Neural Networks

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2009

Abstract. This work provides practical guidelines for an efficient hardware implementation of Neu... more Abstract. This work provides practical guidelines for an efficient hardware implementation of Neural Networks. Networks are configured using a practical self-learning architecture that iterates a basic Genetic Algorithm. The learning methodology is based on the generation of random vectors that can be extracted from chaotic signals. The proposed solution is applied to estimate the processing efficiency of Spiking Neural Networks. Keywords: Neural Networks, Spiking Neural Networks, Hardware implementation of Genetic Algorithms.

Charge-based testing BIST for embedded memories

IET Computers & Digital Techniques, 2007

ABSTRACT A BIST architecture is presented to perform charge-based testing (BIST-CBT) on embedded ... more ABSTRACT A BIST architecture is presented to perform charge-based testing (BIST-CBT) on embedded memories where direct access to I/Os is limited. The proposed architecture includes a charge monitor, a functional test algorithm generator (that applies a standard March B algorithm) and output processing circuitry. The method is based on a charge correlation technique validated experimentally on previous works for submicron SRAMs. The testing methodology implementation has two phases: a short pre-characterisation phase performed during manufacturing test to ensure process-variation immunity, and the actual BIST-CBT. Data from the first phase are processed and loaded in the BIST circuitry registers. The proposed embedded BIST circuitry provides a digital output pass/fail flag that signals the result of the functional and BIST charge analysis (both based on the same March algorithms). To demonstrate the viability of the proposed architecture, a prototype is designed that has been implemented in two parts: the charge monitor is the core of the BIST circuitry, and has been developed in 120 nm CMOS technology, whereas the digital processing circuitry has been implemented on a FPGA device.

A simple CMOS chaotic integrated circuit

IEICE Electronics Express, 2008

A chaotic integrated circuit is designed and fabricated using a 0.35 μm CMOS process. The circuit... more A chaotic integrated circuit is designed and fabricated using a 0.35 μm CMOS process. The circuit iterates an N-shaped transfer function using a small analog neural network. One of the advantages of the proposed circuit is its small circuit area with only 13 MOS transistors. The circuit generates both an analog and a digital signal that can be used to create true random bit sequences.

Download

Self-configuring spiking neural networks

IEICE Electronics Express, 2008

We present a simple architecture for Spiking Neural Networks self-configuration. It consists in t... more We present a simple architecture for Spiking Neural Networks self-configuration. It consists in the hardware implementation of a simple Genetic Algorithm that may be used to obtain optimum network configurations. The proposed solution is applied to estimate the processing efficiency of different networks. Based on the results we develop a new performance metric to calibrate the processing capacity of SNNs.

Download

Experimental analysis of transient current testing based on charge observation

Electronics Letters, 1999

ABSTRACT

A Fully CMOS Low-Cost Chaotic Neural Network

The 2006 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Network Proceedings

Abstract A chaotic IC is proposed and fabricated using a 0.35 mum CMOS technology. The circuit it... more Abstract A chaotic IC is proposed and fabricated using a 0.35 mum CMOS technology. The circuit iterates an N-shaped transfer function that can be modified using two external voltages, and is implemented using a three neurons network. The main advantages of the proposed circuit are based on its simplicity, small area (47 times 57 mum 2), and its MOS-only implementation requiring no more than 15 MOS transistors. Measurements show the suitability of the proposed system to reproduce a chaotic signal and to be used as a ...

Spiking Neural Network Self-configuration for Temporal Pattern Recognition Analysis

by Josep L. Rossello, Ivan de Paul, and Vincent Canals

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2009

Abstract. In this work we provide design guidelines for the hardware implementation of Spiking Ne... more Abstract. In this work we provide design guidelines for the hardware implementation of Spiking Neural Networks. The proposed methodology is applied to temporal pattern recognition analysis. For this purpose the networks are trained using a simplified Genetic Algorithm. The proposed solution is applied to estimate the processing efficiency of Spiking Neural Networks. Keywords: Neural Networks, Spiking Neural Networks, Hardware implementation of Genetic Algorithms.

Self-configuring spiking neural networks

by Josep L. Rossello, Ivan de Paul, and Vincent Canals

IEICE Electronics Express, Jan 1, 2008

$Fig. 1. Block structure for the dynamic configuration of SNN. The GAC block is used for the network configuration while the FC block evaluates the network efficiency. input spike is selected to be linear instead of the real non-linear variation while the refractory period present after each spike emission has been neglected. The main objective of this work is not to provide an exact copy of the real behavior of biological systems but to develop a useful Neural Network configuration technique and a generic performance estimation metric.$

Download

Transient current testing based on current (charge) integration

by Josep L. Rossello and Ivan de Paul

IDDQ Testing, 1998. …, Jan 1, 1998

Practical Hardware Implementation of Self-configuring Neural Networks

by Josep L. Rossello, Ivan de Paul, and Vincent Canals

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2009

A Fully CMOS Low-Cost Chaotic Neural Network

by Josep L. Rossello, Ivan de Paul, and Vincent Canals

… , 2006. IJCNN'06. …, Jan 1, 2006

A chaotic IC is proposed and fabricated using a 0.35µm CMOS technology. The circuit iterates an N... more A chaotic IC is proposed and fabricated using a 0.35µm CMOS technology. The circuit iterates an N-shaped transfer function that can be modified using two external voltages, and is implemented using a three neurons network. The main advantages of the proposed circuit are based on its simplicity, small area (47 x 57 µm 2 ), and its MOS-only implementation requiring no more than 15 MOS transistors. Measurements show the suitability of the proposed system to reproduce a chaotic signal and to be used as a random number generator.

Download

A simple CMOS chaotic integrated circuit

by Josep L. Rossello, Ivan de Paul, and Vincent Canals

IEICE Electronics Express, Jan 1, 2008

A chaotic IC is designed and fabricated using a 0.35µm CMOS process. The circuit iterates an N-sh... more A chaotic IC is designed and fabricated using a 0.35µm CMOS process. The circuit iterates an N-shaped transfer function using a small analog neural network. The main advantages of the proposed circuit are based on its small area and its implementation using a standard CMOS process with only 13 MOS transistors, thus allowing the generation of on-chip chaotic signals. The circuit also generates a digital signal that can be used to generate a true random bit sequence.

format_quoteThe circuit generates true random signals, validated against the FIPS-140-2 test, contrasting with periodic pseudo-random generators.format_quote

Download

Using the Electronic Nose to Identify Airway Infection during COPD Exacerbations

by Federico Fiorentino and Ivan de Paul

PLOS ONE, 2015

The electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. We hypothe... more The electronic nose (e-nose) detects volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air. We hypothesized that the exhaled VOCs print is different in stable vs. exacerbated patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly if the latter is associated with airway bacterial infection, and that the e-nose can distinguish them. Smell-prints of the bacteria most commonly involved in exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) were identified in vitro. Subsequently, we tested our hypothesis in 93 patients with ECOPD, 19 of them with pneumonia, 50 with stable COPD and 30 healthy controls in a cross-sectional case-controlled study. Secondly, ECOPD patients were re-studied after 2 months if clinically stable. Exhaled air was collected within a Tedlar bag and processed by a Cynarose 320 e-nose. Breath-prints were analyzed by Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) with &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;One Out&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;quot; technique and Sensor logic Relations (SLR). Sputum samples were collected for culture. ECOPD with evidence of infection were significantly distinguishable from non-infected ECOPD (p = 0.018), with better accuracy when ECOPD was associated to pneumonia. The same patients with ECOPD were significantly distinguishable from stable COPD during follow-up (p = 0.018), unless the patient was colonized. Additionally, breath-prints from COPD patients were significantly distinguished from healthy controls. Various bacteria species were identified in culture but the e-nose was unable to identify accurately the bacteria smell-print in infected patients. E-nose can identify ECOPD, especially if associated with airway bacterial infection or pneumonia.

Ivan de Paul

Uploads

Papers by Ivan de Paul

Log In