This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of polymer composites analyzing five distinct cate... more This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of polymer composites analyzing five distinct categories: metal composites, ceramic composites, wood-based composites, natural fiber composites, and concrete composites. The analysis focused on four critical performance criteria: lightweight properties, corrosion resistance, customization of properties, and ease of manufacturing, with each criterion weighted equally at 0.25. The evaluation process involved normalizing performance data, applying weightages, and calculating to determine the final rankings. The results revealed that metal composites achieved the highest ranking with a Ci value of 0.7632, followed by concrete composites (Ci = 0.5404), natural fiber composites (Ci = 0.4737), wood-based composites (Ci = 0.4610), and ceramic composites (Ci = 0.4308). Notable findings include concrete composites' exceptional lightweight properties (99.66) and ceramic composites' superior customization potential (99.23), while metal composites demonstrated excellent corrosion resistance (85.42). The study highlights that while no single composite excels in all criteria, each type possesses unique strengths suitable for specific applications. This analysis provides valuable insights for materials selection in various engineering applications, particularly in sectors requiring optimal balance between lightweight properties, durability, customization, and manufacturability. The findings contribute to the understanding of polymer composite performance characteristics and can guide future research in composite material development and application-specific selection processes.
Material selection for aircraft components is a fundamental aspect of aerospace engineering becau... more Material selection for aircraft components is a fundamental aspect of aerospace engineering because it directly influences structural performance, operational safety, durability, and fuel efficiency. Aircraft parts are subjected to demanding service conditions, including high mechanical loads, temperature variations, and corrosive environments. Therefore, selecting an appropriate material requires balancing multiple properties such as low density, high stiffness, adequate elongation, and elevated temperature resistance. The present study investigates the material selection problem for aircraft parts by evaluating five candidate materials: aluminum, Aluminum 7075-T6, maraging steel, steel, and titanium. A structured decision-making methodology is employed to compare these alternatives based on key engineering criteria, namely density (kg/m³), elastic modulus (GPa), elongation (%), and temperature limit (°C). The evaluation process integrates material property analysis with multi-criteria assessment techniques to identify the most suitable material for aerospace applications. The results indicate that Aluminum 7075-T6 achieves the highest overall ranking due to its favorable combination of lightweight characteristics, mechanical strength, and performance under operational conditions. In contrast, conventional aluminum receives the lowest ranking among the evaluated alternatives because of its comparatively lower performance across the selected criteria. The findings demonstrate the importance of systematic material evaluation in optimizing aircraft design and performance. Effective material selection contributes to enhanced reliability, reduced structural weight, improved fuel economy, and lower maintenance requirements, thereby supporting the development of safer and more sustainable aerospace systems.
This study employs Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) to evaluate and rank different types of Electri... more This study employs Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) to evaluate and rank different types of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (EVCI) alternatives. As the global transition to sustainable transportation accelerates, the development of efficient and accessible charging infrastructure remains crucial for widespread electric vehicle adoption. The research analyzes five distinct charging alternatives: Urban Charging Station, Suburban Charging Hub, Highway Fast Charger, Commercial Mall Charging, and Residential Charging Point, using four key performance parameters: Cost per Charge, Charging Speed, Energy Efficiency, and Number of Ports. The methodology utilizes GRA's capability to handle multi-criteria decision-making problems with potentially incomplete or uncertain data. Through normalization of data, calculation of deviation sequences, and determination of grey relation coefficients, the study provides a comprehensive evaluation of each alternative. The results indicate that the Highway Fast Charger ranks highest with a Grey Relational Grade (GRG) of 0.9167, followed by Commercial Mall Charging (0.5756) and Suburban Charging Hub (0.5675). Urban Charging Station and Residential Charging Point rank fourth and fifth, respectively. The findings highlight the superior performance of Highway Fast Chargers in terms of charging speed and energy efficiency, despite higher costs. Commercial Mall Charging emerges as a balanced option, offering good accessibility and moderate performance across all parameters. The study also reveals the limitations of Residential Charging Points, which, despite having the lowest cost, are constrained by slow charging speeds and limited accessibility. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on EVCI optimization and provides valuable insights for stakeholders involved in the planning and implementation of electric vehicle charging networks. The findings can guide policymakers, urban planners, and industry professionals in making informed decisions about the strategic deployment of charging infrastructure to support the continued growth of electric mobility.
Cleaner manufacturing processes that focus on reducing material waste, energy consumption and car... more Cleaner manufacturing processes that focus on reducing material waste, energy consumption and carbon emissions have been studied over the years. The review provides the most recent data on construction and demolition waste management and cement and concrete production in India. It provides a comparative analysis of various recycled aggregate treatment techniques, assessing their environmental impact, durability and efficiency. The use of solid wastes, including industrial and agricultural by-products, in geopolymer composites offers opportunities for developing eco-friendly building materials. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the importance of improving recycling processes for construction and demolition waste to increase sustainability and conserve natural resources. By exploring the incorporation of agricultural waste into construction materials, this work highlights innovative strategies for developing greener, more sustainable alternatives. The research also delves into the environmental and technical aspects of using various proportions of agricultural waste to reduce the ecological footprint of construction materials. Additionally, the review examines broader themes of cleaner manufacturing, recycling processes for construction and demolition waste, and sustainable construction practices. Alternative: Material A Bamboo, Material B Recycled steel, Material C Hempcrete, Material D Cork, Material E Recycled plastic wood, Material F Crashed Earth. Thermal Insulation (R-value), Recycled Content (%), Embodied Energy (MJ/kg), Cost (USD/m³). The results indicate that Material C Hempcrete achieved the highest rank, while Material D Cork had the lowest rank being attained. "The value of the dataset for Sustainable Construction Materials, according to the EDAS method, Material C Hempcrete achieves the highest ranking.
Machinery is important in modern industry, changing production processes and increasing efficienc... more Machinery is important in modern industry, changing production processes and increasing efficiency in many fields. It refers to a range of machinery and equipment designed for specific operations, including everything from basic mechanical equipment to sophisticated automated systems. Machinery is indispensable in various sectors such as manufacturing, construction, agriculture and transportation, playing a vital role in operations and productivity. The advancement and use of machinery is central to industrial development, driving economic growth and technological progress. By automating routine tasks, improving accuracy, and reducing manual labor, machines have greatly transformed conventional methods, resulting in increased productivity and innovation. Economic impact: Research on machinery can stimulate economic growth by increasing productivity and reducing operational costs. Innovations in machinery lead to more efficient production methods, reduced production costs and improved competitiveness in the global market. Learning machines facilitates the development of advanced technologies and automation systems. Such research led to the creation of more sophisticated and efficient equipment and technological advancements and innovations in various industries.Analyzing machine design and operations helps researchers find ways to improve performance, improve reliability, and reduce maintenance requirements. This contributes to more efficient operations, reduces downtime and improves overall efficiency in industrial environments. Machinery A, Machinery B, Machinery C, Machinery D, Machinery E. Cost ($), Fuel Efficiency (L/hr), Maintenance Time (hrs/year), Operational Lifespan (years). The results indicate that Machinery E achieved the highest rank, while Machinery C achieved the lowest rank being attained. "The value of the dataset for the ' Machinery, according to the ARAS Method, Machinery E achieves the highest ranking.
Advanced Fibre-reinforced composites, renowned for their remarkable mechanical properties includi... more Advanced Fibre-reinforced composites, renowned for their remarkable mechanical properties including high strength, stiffness, and fatigue resistance, have garnered considerable attention. To elevate these materials' performance and meet the escalating demands of modern applications, researchers have delved into hybridization strategies. Hybridization entails amalgamating diverse Fibres, encompassing carbon, glass, aramid, and natural Fibres, within a single composite matrix to engender synergistic effects and attain superior mechanical performance. This study employs the COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment) multi-criteria decision-making method to comprehensively assess the mechanical properties and manufacturing intricacies of various carbon Fibre hybrid composites. Parameters such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, compressive strength, density, cost, and manufacturing complexity are meticulously scrutinized. Findings reveal that integrating alternative Fibres, particularly natural variants like kenaf and bamboo, markedly enhances the mechanical attributes of carbon Fibre-based composites. Nonetheless, this enhancement is accompanied by escalated manufacturing intricacies and costs. The COPRAS method furnishes a systematic framework for prioritizing hybrid composites based on their significance, utility, and the delicate balance between benefits and costs. Insights gleaned from this study can aid decision-makers in aligning material selection with specific application requisites and financial constraints, ultimately fostering the development of advanced, cost-effective, and sustainable composite solutions. Integrating the COPRAS approach with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and automated manufacturing holds promise for further augmenting the optimization and adoption of high-performance Fibre-reinforced composites.
Fiber-reinforced composites are advanced materials consisting of strong fibers embedded within a ... more Fiber-reinforced composites are advanced materials consisting of strong fibers embedded within a matrix. These materials offer properties such as high strength, durability, and low weight. These characteristics render them valuable in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction. This study highlights the importance of enhancing composite materials through research focused on performance, cost, and sustainability. Utilizing the Fuzzy TOPSIS method, various composite types-including CFRP, GFRP, AFRP, NFRP, and BFRP-were evaluated based on their strength, weight reduction capabilities, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact. This method effectively handles uncertainty and ranks alternatives by comparing them against an ideal solution. The results indicate that Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites achieved the highest ranking due to their superior strength and lightweight properties. Conversely, Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer (NFRP) composites received the lowest ranking, owing to their lower performance across key evaluation criteria.
Autonomic mending within polymer composites has attracted considerable attention in recent times ... more Autonomic mending within polymer composites has attracted considerable attention in recent times owing to its potential to transform material design and engineering applications. This thorough review delves into the latest advancements in the domain, with a particular focus on the mechanisms, materials, and practical applications of autonomic healing in polymer composites. Recent strides in material synthesis, fabrication methodologies, and characterization techniques are also scrutinized to provide a comprehensive evaluation of healing efficiency and performance. Additionally, the review surveys a spectrum of applications where autonomic healing holds promise, spanning aerospace, automotive, construction, and biomedical sectors, accentuating its potential real-world impact. Addressing challenges and future trajectories in the field, such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability, serves to steer forthcoming research and development endeavours. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and practitioners striving to propel the field of autonomic healing in polymer composites towards new horizons. COPRAS, short for Complex Proportional Assessment, is a multifaceted methodology within the realm of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). It serves as a structured approach for assessing and prioritizing alternatives based on numerous criteria. Widely utilized across various sectors including engineering, management, environmental studies, and social sciences, COPRAS methodology furnishes decision-makers with a systematic framework to navigate intricate decision scenarios by factoring in both qualitative and quantitative considerations. Microcapsule-based Healing, Vascular Network, Intrinsic Healing, Thermoplastic Healing and Stimuli-Responsive Healing. Healing Efficiency, Healing Rate, Healing Reversibility, Compatibility with Base Polymer and Effect on Mechanical Properties. Ranking of Autonomic Healing of Polymer Composites. Intrinsic Healing is got the first rank whereas is the Microcapsule-based Healing is having the Lowest rank.
Engineering plastics are a class of thermoplastic materials recognized for their superior mechani... more Engineering plastics are a class of thermoplastic materials recognized for their superior mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties. This makes them highly suitable for a wide range of industrial applications. Unlike conventional commodity plastics, these materials are specifically engineered to withstand harsh environmental conditions-such as moisture, chemicals, and ultraviolet radiation-while simultaneously offering exceptional strength and rigidity. Common examples include Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Polyamide (Nylon), Polycarbonate (PC), Polyethylene (PE), and Polypropylene (PP). Due to their versatility, durability, and the ability to be precisely engineered to meet specific performance requirements, engineering plastics are widely utilized across industries such as automotive, aerospace, electronics, construction, and consumer goods. Recent technological advancements have significantly enhanced the capabilities of engineering plastics, thereby fostering innovation across numerous sectors. Developments such as advanced polymer blends, Nan composites, and additive manufacturing have enabled the customization of material properties to meet specialized application requirements. In the automotive and aerospace industries, these plastics are increasingly being adopted as alternatives to traditional metals, owing to their lightweight nature, corrosion resistance, and high strength-to-weight ratio. Furthermore, advancements in thermoplastic compounds have led to improved thermal stability and impact resistance, making them highly suitable for structural and interior components. In the electronics sector, engineering plastics such as polycarbonate and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) are highly valued for their excellent electrical insulation, fire resistance, and thermal endurance, thereby contributing to the creation of safe and compact devices.
Because they offer better mechanical, thermal, and electrical qualities than traditional metals, ... more Because they offer better mechanical, thermal, and electrical qualities than traditional metals, metal matrix composites, or MMCs, have attracted a lot of interest recently. This thorough analysis looks at the latest developments in MMCs, including synthesis strategies, characterization approaches, and industry applications. The paper clarifies the impact of several types of reinforcements on MMC characteristics, including fiber, whisker, and particle reinforcements. It also emphasizes how important processing variables are in adjusting the microstructure and functionality of MMCs, such as heat treatment and manufacturing techniques. The paper also looks at the many uses of MMCs in the electronics, automotive, aerospace, and other industries, highlighting how they may be used to solve problems with structural integrity, light weighting, and heat management. The study concludes with a discussion of potential directions and new directions in MMC research, such as the creation of innovative processing methods, novel reinforcing materials, and multifunctional composites for improved sustainability and performance. For academics, engineers, and practitioners interested in expanding the subject of metal matrix composites, this thorough review is an invaluable resource.
Introduction: Advanced fire-resistant materials are at the forefront of mitigating fire hazards i... more Introduction: Advanced fire-resistant materials are at the forefront of mitigating fire hazards in modern buildings. These materials improve the structural stability of buildings during a fire and improve the safety and well-being of occupants. Key innovations include high-performance composites, intumescent coatings and advanced ceramics. Each of these materials offers unique advantages that address different aspects of fire resistance, from delaying the spread of flames to maintaining structural stability. Research significance: The primary goal of developing advanced fire-resistant materials is to improve safety for occupants and protect property from fire damage. By studying and using materials with improved fireresistance properties, researchers can help reduce the frequency of fire-related injuries and deaths. This is especially important in densely populated urban areas and skyscrapers, where fire safety is a significant issue. Mythology: Alternative: Magnesium oxide board, calcium silicate board, gypsum board with additives, cement-bonded particle board and fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. Evaluation Preference: Thermal Stability (°C), Mechanical Strength (MPa), Weight (kg/m²), Emissions (kg CO₂/m²). Result: The results indicate that Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites achieved the highest rank, while Gypsum Board with Additives had the lowest rank being attained. Conclusion: "The value of the dataset for Advanced Fire-Resistant Materials for Future Construction, according to the weighted product method, Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites achieves the highest ranking.
A simple fluid barometer is a device used to measure atmospheric pressure by utilizing the princi... more A simple fluid barometer is a device used to measure atmospheric pressure by utilizing the principle of hydrostatics. It typically consists of a column of liquid, such as mercury or water, within a sealed tube. As atmospheric pressure changes, the liquid level in the tube rises or falls, allowing for pressure measurement. The choice of liquid is crucial in a fluid barometer. Mercury is a traditional and common choice due to its high density, which results in a relatively tall column and high sensitivity to pressure changes. However, due to its toxicity, other alternatives like water or mineral oil are often used. The tube should be made of a material that is chemically compatible with the chosen liquid and does not react with it. Typically, glass or metal tubes are used for their stability and durability. A simple fluid barometer is an essential scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure. The device was invented by Evangelista Torricelli in 1643 and is the basis for modern mercury and aneroid barometers. The core of a simple fluid barometer is a U-shaped glass tube filled with a liquid, typically mercury or water. This design allows the liquid to respond to changes in atmospheric pressure. Research Significance: The U-shaped tube design enables the measurement of atmospheric pressure variations, which is vital for meteorology, weather forecasting, and various scientific and engineering applications. Within the COPRAS-G framework, it is essential to define selection criteria, evaluate information related to these criteria, and formulate techniques for assessing the needs of meeting participants. To assess the surrogate's overall performance, certain standards need to be established. When a decision needs to be made, the decision maker (DM) is faced with the task of weighing a specific set of options, each with competing requirements, and selecting one from the range of available choices. The Complexity Proportionality Assessment (COPRAS) method can be employed as a solution in this decision-making process. From the result Barometer model E got first rank whereas the Barometer model A is having the lowest rank.
Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human right and crucial for maintaining a healthy ... more Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human right and crucial for maintaining a healthy life. This study focuses on the analysis of drinking water quality in the Salem district, assessing the concentration of various pollutants and their associated health risks. Water samples were collected from bore wells, tube wells, and hand pumps. Major sources of contamination identified include the improper disposal of sewage and solid waste, excessive use of agrochemicals, and the poor condition of the piping and transportation network. Water pollution, particularly contamination with coliform bacteria, is linked to water-borne diseases such as gastroenteritis, diarrhea, dysentery, and viral hepatitis. These contaminants are a significant cause of health issues. To mitigate health risks, it is crucial to immediately stop using contaminated drinking water sources and limit the excessive use of agricultural chemicals that contribute to water pollution. The current study also aims to examine the factors influencing the selection of supply chain management (SCM) suppliers, utilizing the Neutrosophic Decision-Making and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. A proactive approach was adopted to enhance DEMATEL's performance and achieve a competitive edge, using neutrosophic set theory to mark values on a new scale. A case study implementing this method is presented, which involved collecting data through interviews with experts on the Neutrosophic DEMATEL model. The research is intended for use in management, procurement, and production contexts. In terms of drinking water quality, the study found that R+C Omalur ranked highest, while Sankari ranked lowest. Conversely, Ri-C Sankari scored the highest, with Omalur ranking the lowest in another drinking water quality metric.
The days when humans and robots have not yet interacted in daily activities are gone. In fact, ro... more The days when humans and robots have not yet interacted in daily activities are gone. In fact, robots are on their way to changing their applications from industry to contributing to the well-being of people in everyday life. These robots are called "social robots" (SR). Unlike robots that simply describe what helps them, social robots aim to establish social interactions and improve the socialization of human beings. While many industrial robots are primarily used by manufacturing companies for hazardous or menial tasks, social robots have become a popular choice due to their quality and the positive impact they have on productivity and profitability. Industrial robots have anthropological features and are generally reprogrammable machines. Their mechanical arms are crucial components, and they possess other, albeit less prominent, features such as decision-making abilities, a range of emotions, the ability to respond to inputs, and communication skills. They are widely used in various industries, including material handling, assembly, and machines for applications like material handling, assembly, and machines for applications. These robots play an essential role in increasing efficiency and quality. Robots in manufacturing companies are highly valued for their ability to automate tasks and be reprogrammed for different functions. They possess various features optimized for specific handling tasks, including the ability to move in two or more axes and respond to different sensory inputs. This comprehensive set of features makes them suitable for a wide range of applications, including assembly, welding, material handling, loading, packaging, and inspection, where endurance, speed, and accuracy are required. The selection of industrial robots is a decisionmaking process based on the needs of production. Making the right decision is crucial for productivity and success. Choosing the wrong robot can lead to issues such as inefficiency or the inability to perform specific tasks within a multi-scheduled production. In the worst-case scenario, a completely unsuitable robot can render the entire company unusable. The complexity of the selection process is amplified by the diversity of robot manufacturers, as well as the significant variations in manufacturing jobs. Manufacturers themselves have recognized the importance of addressing these challenges, particularly in relation to the demands and intensity of specific tasks. Unity of ideal solution (TOPSIS). is prioritized by, this is a multi-criteria decision Analytical method. TOPSIS Abbreviation of (PIS). Select The short geometric distance alternative is positive The best solution is, basically The Great Solution of Thought (Nis) To be negative Distance is geometric. TOPSIS The assumption is even higher is, is coming or going The benchmarks are increasing.
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