Papers by Jose Luis Gonzalez
Psicothema, Dec 1, 2000
A research synthesis was conducted in relation to studies that correlated self-ratings of emotion... more A research synthesis was conducted in relation to studies that correlated self-ratings of emotion with the nations' socioeconomic and cultural characteristics. In spite of the complexities and difficulties involved in differentiating culture from social structure, we will try to test the competing effects of social structure (i.e. socioeconomic development) and culture (i.e. value's syndrome) on emotional experience. The value of predicting cross-national differences in emotional experience from socioeconomic factors and from Hofstede's dimensions of national culture will be examined using data collected in six studies (in 26, 27, 26, 33, 42 and 29 nations). Nations will be treated as units and national mean scores on the subjective experience of emotion will be correlated with sociocultural variables. Following the holocultural tradition, cultures will be treated as units, and the collective scores of the variables are related to one another (Bond, 1991; Schlegel, 1994). Factors predicting the subjective experience of emotion Cross-cultural differences in the experience and expression of emotion are an important topic in current social psychology, but also in classic and modern philosophy. This article examines various ideas concerning the differences between nations in emotion from the perspective of current empirical research. Between nations differences in emotional life were analyzed in the past as an aspect of «national character». Classic and Enlightment philosophers frequently derived «national character» from climate. Climate includes a range of what is currently termed eco
Psicothema, Dec 31, 2000
How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org ... more How to cite Complete issue More information about this article Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Scientific Information System Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative A research synthesis was conducted in relation to studies that correlated self-ratings of emotion with the nations' socioeconomic and cultural characteristics. In spite of the complexities and difficulties involved in differentiating culture from social structure, we will try to test the competing effects of social structure (i.e. socioeconomic development) and culture (i.e. value's syndrome) on emotional experience. The value of predicting cross-national differences in emotional experience from socioeconomic factors and from Hofstede's dimensions of national culture will be examined using data collected in six studies (in 26, 27, 26, 33, 42 and 29 nations). Nations will be treated as units and national mean scores on the subjective experience of emotion will be correlated with sociocultural variables. Following the holocultural tradition, cultures will be treated as units, and the collective scores of the variables are related to one another (Bond, 1991; Schlegel, 1994). Factors predicting the subjective experience of emotion Cross-cultural differences in the experience and expression of emotion are an important topic in current social psychology, but also in classic and modern philosophy. This article examines various ideas concerning the differences between nations in emotion from the perspective of current empirical research. Between nations differences in emotional life were analyzed in the past as an aspect of «national character». Classic and Enlightment philosophers frequently derived «national character» from climate. Climate includes a range of what is currently termed eco
Independent and Interdependent Self-construals and Socio-cultural Factors in 29 Nations
Revue internationale de psychologie sociale, 2005
Cultural dimensions, socioeconomic development, climate, and emotional hedonic level
Cognition & Emotion, 2002
A research synthesis was conducted with four studies which correlated national mean self-ratings ... more A research synthesis was conducted with four studies which correlated national mean self-ratings of affect balance (positive minus negative affect) and subjective well-being with the nations' cultural characteristics (individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and ...
Psykhe (santiago), Nov 1, 2015
La correspondencia relativa a este artículo debe ser dirigida a Marcela Muratori,
Psykhe (Santiago), 2015
La correspondencia relativa a este artículo debe ser dirigida a Marcela Muratori,
En la sociedad actual nos encontramos con todas las contradicciones generadas por la industrializ... more En la sociedad actual nos encontramos con todas las contradicciones generadas por la industrialización y postindustrialización. Quizá la más llamativa, por el tipo de consecuencias que genera, sea la creación de una gran cantidad de riqueza, pero repartida de forma desigual. Se estima que un 80% de la población posee el 20% de la riqueza, mientras que el 20% restante goza del 80% de la misma (Pineda, 2002; De la Fuente, 2002; De Miguel y San Fabián, 2003). Otra de las contradicciones la contemplamos en la distribución del trabajo, estamos inmersos en una sociedad en
Capítulo XV: Identidad, comunicación y memoria colectiva
... Cambiar idioma Idioma Català. Cambiar. Capítulo XV: Identidad, comunicación y memoriacolectiv... more ... Cambiar idioma Idioma Català. Cambiar. Capítulo XV: Identidad, comunicación y memoriacolectiva . ... Localización: Memoria colectiva e identidad nacional / Alberto Rosa Rivero ( ed. lit. ...
SAGE Open, 2019
The effects of armed conflict on women in post-conflict situations are an area of analysis for so... more The effects of armed conflict on women in post-conflict situations are an area of analysis for social disciplines. This study will analyze the situation in Colombia, currently involved in a peace restoration process. The aim is to verify the efficacy of a coping and emotion regulation program analyzing victimization as well as the coping strategies employed in response to these violent acts. The program focuses on 62 women contacted through the Ruta Pacífica de las Mujeres, a nongovernmental organization. The program had a positive effect on women, reporting lower levels of posttraumatic stress, more functional coping strategies, and less use of dysfunctional strategies. All emotional cognitive and social indicators improved. Women felt emotionally better, perceiving greater social support and more trust in institutions. Survivors had more self-confidence to achieve their goals and solve their problems. The implications in a context of peace reconstruction and search for social cohe...
Cambio de valores. Choque cultural e inmigración
Psicología social y …, 2005
Acceso de usuarios registrados. Acceso de usuarios registrados Usuario Contraseña. ...
Collective Memory of Political Events
Collective Memory of Political Events, 2013
Boletín de Psicología …, 1999
Biblioteca de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Base de datos de artículos de revistas, ...
Frontiers in Psychology, 2021
For decades, in a situation of armed conflict in Colombia, women have suffered polyvictimization ... more For decades, in a situation of armed conflict in Colombia, women have suffered polyvictimization and discrimination with severe consequences that last even during the post-war peace process. This study analyzes the impact on posttraumatic stress and recovery of war-related violence against women, discrimination, and social acknowledgment. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019–2020. Participants were 148 women with a mean age of 47.66 years (range 18–83), contacted through the NGO Ruta Pacifica de las Mujeres who had experienced significant personal violence. Results show that levels of perceived discrimination and lack of social acknowledgment are mediators in the relationship between polyvictimization and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Recognition by significant others, disapproval by family and the larger social milieu affects different posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) dimensions and therefore how these women adapt to the effects of trauma. Findings provide strong evidence that the way society and family treats women after a traumatic event affects how the victim recovers from this event. Recognition as a victim and disapproval can coexist and be a burden for women if not adequately addressed. Results stress the importance of understanding and intervening in PTSD recovery through the analysis of social processes, and not only through and individual focus.
Frontiers in Psychology, 2021
The COVID-19 disease has caused thousands of deaths worldwide and required the rapid and drastic ... more The COVID-19 disease has caused thousands of deaths worldwide and required the rapid and drastic adoption of various protective measures as main resources in the fight to reduce the spread of the disease. In the present study we aimed to identify socio cognitive factors that may influence adherence to protective measures toward COVID-19 in a Spanish sample. This longitudinal study analyzes the predictive value of perceived severity and vulnerability of infection, self-efficacy, direct exposure to the virus, and instrumental focused coping style for adhering to infection protection behaviors during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also tests sex and age differences in these factors and changes over time. A two-wave longitudinal study (N = 757) was conducted in March and April 2020 starting the day after a strict national lockdown was decreed in Spain. A path analysis was used to test direct and indirect effects between vulnerability and the adherence to protective behaviors. Results suggest that individuals' perceived severity and vulnerability to COVID-19 and instrumental coping strategies are related to the use of more protective behaviors. This coping strategy mediates the effect of perceived vulnerability on engaging in protective behaviors, and this effect depends on direct exposure to COVID-19 and perceived self-efficacy moderators. Results suggest that recognizing one's own abilities to engage in instrumental actions may facilitate adherence to protective measures in people who had not been directly exposed to COVID-19. Therefore, adopting instrumental coping strategies to manage an individual's perceived vulnerability to infection may positively impact the adherence to protective behaviors, especially during the onset of an unexpected threat and when there is no prior direct experience with the situation.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020
The analysis of mental and psychological health is a relevant public issue in modern societies. M... more The analysis of mental and psychological health is a relevant public issue in modern societies. Migration is a process that may have a lasting impact on a person's mental well-being. In this study, perceived health, emotional intelligence, sociocultural adjustment and the participants' perceived general situation, not only economical, were analyzed to attest their impact on psychological distress as a measure of mental well-being. Sixty-three migrants from Romania and Ecuador were contacted twice during a 14 month period in a middle-sized Spanish city. Attrition analyses show no significant differences in perceived psychological distress between those who participated only one time or who participated in both waves. Less psychological distress is related to less attention to one's feelings and higher mood repair in both data waves. Stronger behavioral adjustment is also linked to less distress. Less distress in time 1 led to better perceived health, sociocultural adjustment and a perception of a better general situation in Spain in comparison to their home country in time 2. In general, more attention to negative feelings triggered more perceived psychological distress, whereas mood repair elicited less psychological distress, in time 2. The relevance of understanding the impact of emotional intelligence to health promotion programs with migrants is discussed.
Sage Open, 2019
The effects of armed conflict on women in post-conflict situations are an area of analysis for so... more The effects of armed conflict on women in post-conflict situations are an area of analysis for social disciplines. This study will analyze the situation in Colombia, currently involved in a peace restoration process. The aim is to verify the efficacy of a coping and emotion regulation program analyzing victimization as well as the coping strategies employed in response to these violent acts. The program focuses on 62 women contacted through the Ruta Pacífica de las Mujeres, a nongovernmental organization. The program had a positive effect on women, reporting lower levels of posttraumatic stress, more functional
coping strategies, and less use of dysfunctional strategies. All emotional cognitive and social indicators improved. Women felt emotionally better, perceiving greater social support and more trust in institutions. Survivors had more self-confidence to achieve their goals and solve their problems. The implications in a context of peace reconstruction and search for social cohesion are discussed.
British Journal of Psychology, 2012
All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you... more All in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them imme
Psyche, 24(2), 1-18, ISSN 0717-0297. , Jul 19, 2015
La correspondencia relativa a este artículo debe ser dirigida a Se comparan los niveles de felici... more La correspondencia relativa a este artículo debe ser dirigida a Se comparan los niveles de felicidad y bienestar psicológico de españoles y argentinos residentes en sus países, se evalúa la incidencia de variables sociodemográficas y se analizan los efectos de mediación de la felicidad en las diferencias del bienestar psicológico en función del país. La muestra fue no probabilística por conveniencia (193 argentinos y 162 españoles). Se utilizaron las escalas de Felicidad Subjetiva y de Bienestar Psicológico. Existen niveles satisfactorios de felicidad y bienestar psicológico. Análisis de varianza muestran a los españoles más felices y a los argentinos con mayor bienestar psicológico. Los análisis de varianza y t de Student revelaron diferencias según sexo, edad, estado civil y ocupación. Las mujeres argentinas exhiben mayor dominio del entorno que los hombres; las españolas se diferencian en las relaciones positivas. En Argentina los separados presentan más autonomía y crecimiento personal que quienes viven en pareja; los españoles que viven en pareja exhiben más control y percepción de crecimiento personal que los solteros. Análisis mediacionales mostraron a la felicidad como un mediador entre país y bienestar psicológico, excepto en el dominio del entorno. Palabras clave: felicidad, bienestar psicológico, análisis mediacional, Argentina, España The present study compares the levels of happiness and psychological well-being of Spanish and Argentine nationals residing in their countries, evaluates the incidence of sociodemographic variables, and analyzes the mediating effects of happiness on psychological well-being differences between countries. A non-probability convenience sample was used (193 Argentines and 162 Spaniards). The Subjective Happiness and Psychological Well-Being scales were applied and revealed satisfactory levels of happiness and psychological well-being. The variance's analyses conducted indicate that the Spanish participants are happier and that the Argentines enjoy greater psychological well-being. Variance and Student's t analyses reveal differences by sex, age, marital status, and occupation. Argentine women display more environmental mastery than men, while Spanish women have more positive relationships. In Argentina, participants who had separated from their spouses display more autonomy and personal growth than those who cohabit, whereas Spanish cohabitants show a higher perception of environmental mastery and personal growth than singles. Mediation analyses identified happiness as a mediator between the participant's country and their psychological well-being, except in environmental mastery. Ser y estar feliz, desarrollarse como persona o estar a gusto con sí mismo/a son cuestiones básicas que han preocupado a las personas desde hace milenios (Haybron, 2008). Desde hace décadas se analiza no solo su significado, sino también los antecedentes y consecuencias de este estado. Sin embargo, su análisis no solo se realiza como una cuestión de interés personal, sino que se ha intentado crear índices nacionales de bienestar con el fin de permitir a las autoridades articular políticas sociales y públicas (Diener & Seligman, 2004). Es decir, se considera que es un fenómeno de interés tanto para la persona como para las naciones y colectivos sociales.
A research synthesis was conducted with six studies which correlated self-ratings of emotion (aff... more A research synthesis was conducted with six studies which correlated self-ratings of emotion (affect balance or pleasantness-unplesantness and emotional intensity) with the nations' socio-economic, ecological and cultural characteristics (Individualism, Masculinity, Uncertainty Avoidance and Power Distance national scores in Hofstede's dimensions). The meta-analysis shows that power distance and uncertainty avoidance has an homogenous significant and medium effect size with unpleasantness of emotional experience. Cultural masculinity shows a medium-low homogeneous effect size on emotional unpleasantness. Individualism shows a non homogenous positive association with emotional pleasantness. Multivariate analyses show that power distance was related to lower social desirability and intensity of positive and negative emotions. Results support the assumption that high power distance cultures de-emphasize emotional experience by normative means. Uncertainty avoidance shows a positive association with emotional intensity. Hume's assumption that climatic effects on the subjective experience of emotions disappear when social and cultural factors are taken into account was supported.
The re s p e c t ive influence of social stru c t u re and culture in the det e rminants of socia... more The re s p e c t ive influence of social stru c t u re and culture in the det e rminants of social behavior is a classical deb at e. Social stru c t u re is conceived of as a set of social re l ations, such as economy, powe r and status. Social stru c t u re is a persisting and bounded pat t e rn of in-Conceptions of culture, collective memory, ethnic identity and cultural explanations are reviewed and criticized. Subjective culture is conceived off as shared denotative, connotative and pragmatic knowledge. Culture is conceptualized as fluid tension systems in which there is a coexistence of heterogeneous and contradictory aspects. Cultural values designed what is desirable in societies and are related to five basic themes of social coordination, like the relation with authority; the relationship between the person and society; the concept of masculinity and femininity, conflicts and their resolution and the conception of time. Cultural explanations posits that a social behavior in accord with a widely shared moral attitude occurs in spite the situation may offer different opportunities. A cultural explanation should be tested against situational and socio-structural explanations. Direct assessment of the norm and values are necessary to avoid tautological reasoning in cultural explanations. Culture is also a set of regular situational contingencies or collective and practices and subjects learn to define situations and practices in cultural perspective. A cultural explanation should pit «desirable institutional arrangements» against non-volitional situational contingencies or socio-structural characteristics that are the effects of non desired historical changes. Culturalist explanation assume that culture arise in an dependent manner of situational forces, like peasantry life style and the representations of limited good, social life in slums and culture of poverty, or herding economies, state weakness and dominance of cavalry as social career and honour culture. Nonobstant values and norms have a life apart from the situations and endure beyond the demise of original situations, as shows the culture of honour case. However, most of data on culture and socioeconomic development shows that individualism and protestant work ethic's (PWE) beliefs are a result and not a cause of economical growth. Contrary to Weber's ideas the PWE were more strongly endorsed in poorer, collectivistic and high power distance societies. Finally, some data suggest that culture can act as independent variable, like is the case of social capital and economic development.
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Papers by Jose Luis Gonzalez
coping strategies, and less use of dysfunctional strategies. All emotional cognitive and social indicators improved. Women felt emotionally better, perceiving greater social support and more trust in institutions. Survivors had more self-confidence to achieve their goals and solve their problems. The implications in a context of peace reconstruction and search for social cohesion are discussed.