Papers by omi ongge
The bilateral relations between Indonesia-Malaysia since the independence of Indonesia can be cat... more The bilateral relations between Indonesia-Malaysia since the independence of Indonesia can be categorized in three phases. The first is the phase of Soekarno as the first president of Indonesia where his foreign policy towards Malaysia was to confront Malaysia due to his ideology of anti-imperialism and anti-colonialism. Soekarno emerged as the trigger factor of the neo-colonialism in Southeast Asian nations as Malaysia was perceived to be the puppet of the British government to arouse interest in Southeast Asia. Hence, Soekarno created Ganyang Malaysia foreign policy or "Crush Malaysia". The second phase, under President Soeharto, included harmony and full of cooperation between Indonesia and Malaysia. Soeharto normalised the bilateral relations with Malaysia since he considered Malaysia to be an important ally in cooperating with the western countries such as Great Britain, Australia and the United States. As a result, Indonesia and Malaysia along with Thailand, Philippines and Singapore created the regional organization called ASEAN. The third phase, the phase after the Soeharto era and the reformation era has been quite complicated. The disputes of borders and cultures became the major consent of Indonesian government
The dynamic of the United States foreign policy toward Southeast Asia is very much affected and i... more The dynamic of the United States foreign policy toward Southeast Asia is very much affected and influenced by the rise of China and the terrorism thread in 21 st century. In the era of first Bush Administration, US foreign policy was focusing on the issue of terrorism after the 9/11 tragedy. In this issue, US was engaging Indonesia and Philippines in terms of military cooperation and security. Meanwhile, in the second Bush Administration the main focus of US foreign policy was flipped into the containment against China due to the influence of China into Southeast Asia in terms of economics (free trade agreement). In the era of Obama first administration, US eventually prioritized the SEA region both bilaterally and multilaterally, which is different from the Bush administration. However, the scope of the policy remains, the same to the previous one, on the containment against China and terrorism. U.S under Obama remains emphasis on the three main elements of the containment policy; economic, alliance/partnership and diplomacy with more concentration than the Bush's. It can be concluded that this enhanced US posture in Southeast Asia is Washington's recognition that ASEAN is the core of both regional security and economic activities and that the US must play a major role in regional affairs as well as continuing to strengthen bilateral ties.
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, Jun 10, 2015
: The dynamic of the United States foreign policy toward Southeast Asia is very much affected an... more : The dynamic of the United States foreign policy toward Southeast Asia is very much affected and influenced by the rise of China and the terrorism thread in 21st century. In the era of first Bush Administration, US foreign policy was focusing on the issue of terrorism after the 9/11 tragedy. In this issue, US was engaging Indonesia and Philippines in terms of military cooperation and security. Meanwhile, in the second Bush Administration the main focus of US foreign policy was flipped into the containment against China due to the influence of China into Southeast Asia in terms of economics (free trade agreement). In the era of Obama first administration, US eventually prioritized the SEA region both bilaterally and multilaterally, which is different from the Bush administration. However, the scope of the policy remains, the same to the previous one, on the containment against China and terrorism. U.S under Obama remains emphasis on the three main elements of the containment policy...
Did Un Promote the Right to Selfdetermination to the People in East Timor
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2015
Started 1998, Indonesia faced political instability due to the social unrest and the step down of... more Started 1998, Indonesia faced political instability due to the social unrest and the step down of Indonesian President Soeharto. The condition impacted into the East Timor condition to have self-determination right to have its independent. Indeed, historically The Dutch colonialized Indonesia; meanwhile East Timor was colonialized by the Portugal. Therefore, the creation of UNAMET initiated by the United Nations to give the right to the people in East Timor for referendum whether they choose to be independent or still be apart of Indonesia. This paper will try to prove that UNAMET was not promoted the right to self-determination for people in East Timor for several reasons. Firstly, the peace keeping forces of the UN in East Timor were led by Australia, which had a special interest to East Timor regarding the East Timor Gap Project. Secondly, UNAMET staff proved to be partial in supporting the pro-independence and intimidate the people in society who supported the integration with I...
The bilateral relations between Indonesia-Malaysia since the independence of Indonesia can be cat... more The bilateral relations between Indonesia-Malaysia since the independence of Indonesia can be categorized in three phases. The first is the phase of Soekarno as the first president of Indonesia where his foreign policy towards Malaysia was to confront Malaysia due to his ideology of anti-imperialism and anti-colonialism. Soekarno emerged as the trigger factor of the neo-colonialism in Southeast Asian nations as Malaysia was perceived to be the puppet of the British government to arouse interest in Southeast Asia. Hence, Soekarno created Ganyang Malaysia foreign policy or “Crush Malaysia”. The second phase, under President Soeharto, included harmony and full of cooperation between Indonesia and Malaysia. Soeharto normalised the bilateral relations with Malaysia since he considered Malaysia to be an important ally in cooperating with the western countries such as Great Britain, Australia and the United States. As a result, Indonesia and Malaysia along with Thailand, Philippines and Si...
The dynamic of the United States foreign policy toward
Southeast Asia is very much affected and i... more The dynamic of the United States foreign policy toward
Southeast Asia is very much affected and influenced by the
rise of China and the terrorism thread in 21st century. In
the era of first Bush Administration, US foreign policy was
focusing on the issue of terrorism after the 9/11 tragedy.
In this issue, US was engaging Indonesia and Philippines
in terms of military cooperation and security. Meanwhile,
in the second Bush Administration the main focus of US
foreign policy was flipped into the containment against
China due to the influence of China into Southeast Asia
in terms of economics (free trade agreement). In the era
of Obama first administration, US eventually prioritized
the SEA region both bilaterally and multilaterally, which is
different from the Bush administration. However, the scope
of the policy remains, the same to the previous one, on
the containment against China and terrorism. U.S under
Obama remains emphasis on the three main elements of
the containment policy; economic, alliance/partnership
and diplomacy with more concentration than the Bush’s.
It can be concluded that this enhanced US posture in
Southeast Asia is Washington’s recognition that ASEAN is
the core of both regional security and economic activities
and that the US must play a major role in regional affairs
as well as continuing to strengthen bilateral ties.
Keywords: US Foreign Policy, China, Southeast Asia,
ASEAN, Terrorism, and Containment
policy
Conference Presentations by omi ongge
The idea of the liberal market in this globalization era somehow creates a dilemma within most of... more The idea of the liberal market in this globalization era somehow creates a dilemma within most of the third-world countries. Market competition worldwide unfortunately creates unfair trade between the developed, developing, and underdeveloped countries. Consequently, food prices are increasing every day and so is the poverty level. Countries where the majority of agricultural products are made are causing the developing and underdeveloped countries to become even poorer; this is the ironic situation in the global unfair trade. International organizations such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) were not able to provide any significant solution for the enhancement of trade liberalization or the fair free trade because the free trade that WTO promotes is somehow not fair. Therefore, this paper will analyze the relations between food security and trade, investigate the fair trade role in international trades and agreements, and discuss how fair trade can be a solution for food insecurity.
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Papers by omi ongge
Southeast Asia is very much affected and influenced by the
rise of China and the terrorism thread in 21st century. In
the era of first Bush Administration, US foreign policy was
focusing on the issue of terrorism after the 9/11 tragedy.
In this issue, US was engaging Indonesia and Philippines
in terms of military cooperation and security. Meanwhile,
in the second Bush Administration the main focus of US
foreign policy was flipped into the containment against
China due to the influence of China into Southeast Asia
in terms of economics (free trade agreement). In the era
of Obama first administration, US eventually prioritized
the SEA region both bilaterally and multilaterally, which is
different from the Bush administration. However, the scope
of the policy remains, the same to the previous one, on
the containment against China and terrorism. U.S under
Obama remains emphasis on the three main elements of
the containment policy; economic, alliance/partnership
and diplomacy with more concentration than the Bush’s.
It can be concluded that this enhanced US posture in
Southeast Asia is Washington’s recognition that ASEAN is
the core of both regional security and economic activities
and that the US must play a major role in regional affairs
as well as continuing to strengthen bilateral ties.
Keywords: US Foreign Policy, China, Southeast Asia,
ASEAN, Terrorism, and Containment
policy
Conference Presentations by omi ongge