Threatened Plants

The present research was conducted at Palanpur, the administrative headquarters of Banaskantha district. This study is the result of 10 months of fieldwork survey in Palanpur taluka, 88 species of weeds were found during this study, which are shown in the check list. Total 28 families, 78 genera and 88 weed species were recorded in present study. Out of these 67 genera and 76 species are dicots and 11 genera and 12 species are monocots. Asteraceae is the dominant family in dicots with 15 species and Poaceae is the dominant family in monocots with 7 species.

Yemen faces serious biodiversity challenges; documenting endemic and near-endemic taxa supports its strategic conservation goals. This study reports and catalogs the endemic and near-endemic plant species in Abyan, emphasizing their life forms, life spans, growth forms, and phytogeography. Vegetation surveys were conducted for two successive spring seasons in 2023 and 2024. The field survey used a timed exploratory meander technique using non-plot sampling to maximize detection of taxa in inaccessible areas of the study site. Eight mountain peaks were selected to reflect the geographic extent of the study region. Fifty-seven endemic and near-endemic taxa, representing 21 plant families, were recorded, of which 23 are endemic and 34 are near-endemic. Aloe serriyensis, Kleinia deflersii, and Stapelia × anemoniflora are endemic to Jabal Al-Arays, located in the Khanfir District of Abyan. The floristic study revealed that Apocynaceae and Asteraceae were the most abundant families. Forty-one genera were recorded, with Aloe being the most species-rich genus. Perennial plants were more abundant than annuals in the study area, reflecting their greater tolerance to arid conditions. Subshrubs represented the dominant growth form, surpassing trees, shrubs, and herbs. Among the five identified life forms, chamaephytes were the most dominant. Phytogeographically, the Sudano-Zambezian chorotype accounts for more taxa than the Saharo-Arabian/Sudano-Zambezian, which is consistent with Yemen's geography and best represents hot desert habitats. Jabal Al-Arays comprises 57.9% of the total recorded taxa, including 13 near-threatened taxa and 1 critically endangered species. Thus, an urgent conservation plan should be implemented in Jabal Al-Arays through habitat protection and grazing control to safeguard endemic taxa under threat. Sustaining mountain biodiversity under increasing anthropogenic pressures and climatic change will require coordinated efforts among scientists, the governmental sector, and local communities, supported by predictive modeling to anticipate future biodiversity loss at high elevations in the coming decades.

Present study is focused on the taxonomic families of plant species found in velachery area Chennai, Tamil Nadu. With the purpose of documenting the plant species, a site visit was conducted in the month of January 2024 to June 2025. This survey was restricted over the nearby regions of velachery lake and 100feet road and partially over the entire campus area of Guru Nanak College. The flowering season of random visible plants were recorded and identified by using standard flora and Plants of the World Online (POWO). The aim was to identify and document the species for further investigation.A total of 50 plant species of belonging to 21 families were recorded. Apocynaceae was noted as most dominant family. and Malvaceae members dominated the area. Phenogram being to design a chart or algorithm for the flowering of plant species for 12 months of a year.Maximum flowering in spring season.

Существуют две теории, откуда это слово «MUSA» произошло, однако в любом случае оно с музами не связано. Согласно первой теории, название было дано в честь Антония Музы, придворного медика римского императора Октавиана Августа. Согласно второй теории, название происходит от арабского слова «мӯз» (араб. ‫موز‬ ) , которым арабы именуют бананы.

Healthcare is one of the most important sectors, and the potential for improvement through the application of data and analytics is tremendous. The study aimed to identify the current approaches, innovations, and future directions in the healthcare industry based on big data analytics. A systematic literature review was applied to address the study' s objectives. Required studies were explored through ten digital databases that included Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Ovid Medline, Medline, PLOS, Global Health, Emerald, Wiley Inter Science, and Pro Quest. Thirty-five peer-reviewed research papers published in key digital databases from 2014 to 2025 were selected to conduct the study. This study has addressed a specific gap in the literature that is the lack of a consolidated and up-to-date synthesis of technological advancements and implementation challenges related to big data analytics in healthcare. While various studies have examined individual aspects of big data in healthcare, there is a critical need for a holistic and integrative review that maps out current practices, emerging innovations, and persistent barriers. This research addresses that gap through a comprehensive overview of big data analytics across various dimensions of the healthcare sector. Findings of the study revealed that big data analytics assisted in clinical decision support, population health management, healthcare industry improvement, and electronic health data transformation. The study revealed that machine learning and artificial intelligence, blockchain technology, and cloud computing are the most important technological innovations in health information analysis tools. It also indicated that data privacy, technical complications, and expertise and resources caused challenges for the adoption of big data analytics in the healthcare industry. Robust privacy and security measures need to be developed for ensuring confidentiality of sensitive medical data. Sufficient financial resources should be provided for the implementation of big data analytics in healthcare organizations to ensure compatibility. Staff training should be ensured to cultivate required skills to efficiently manage health systems based on big data analytics. Data standards should be established to address challenges related to complex variables and differences in data entry preferences. Documented policies, procedures, and clear guidelines should be developed to manage sensitive patients' information. The study' s original contributions include: (1) a categorized synthesis of enabling technologies (AI/ML, blockchain, cloud computing); (2) a structured classification of implementation challenges (data privacy, technical complexity, lack of expertise and resources); and (3) strategic recommendations for addressing these challenges through

The assessment of the morphological and taxonomic characteristics of some members of Convolvulaceae family was determined using standard method of analyses. The family is distributed throughout the world, having weed representations and the family is distinguishable by its plicate corolla, axile placentation with few ovules, bicollate vascular bundles and latex, symmetrical corolla, the floral formulae and superior gynoecium. The result obtained showed that Ipomoea batatas presented in table 1 had plant III as the highest plant length of 150 cm, leaf length of 70.3 cm, leaf breadth of 32.2 cm and the flower length of 4.5 cm followed by breadth of by plant I which had the highest value of successive internodes and plant IV had the least value of plant length of 30 cm and leaf breath of 17.7 cm. Ipomoea triloba Presented in table 2 showed plant V to be the highest in plant length (186 cm), in successive internodes (14.82), in leaf length (17.72 cm) and leaf breadth (13.70 cm) whereas plant IV was the least in all the parameters. Ipomoea involucrate presented in table length (450 cm), leave breadth (8.40 cm), leaf length (15.50 cm) and successive internodes whereas plant V showed the least result in leaf breadth (3.01 cm) and plant IV showed least value of plant length (144 cm). Evolvulus alsinoides in table 4 showed plant I as the highest in plant length (45 cm), leaf breadth (9 cm), successive internodes (1.73 cm) and leaf breadth (1.48) whereas plant II showed the least result in plant length (28 cm), leaf length (1.70 cm), leaf breadth (0.94 cm) and flower length (1.34 cm). Ipomoea vegans presented in table 5 showed plant I to be highest in plant length (137 cm), successive internodes (3.60 cm) and leaf length (9.79) whereas plant IV showed the least value in plant length (61 cm), successive internodes (2.82 cm), leaf length (5.12 cm) and leaf breadth (2.26 cm). Generally, the members in Convolvulaceae family have morphological differences or species uniqueness which aids in easy identification of the members.

Plant conservation fences are widely used to restrict or minimize grazing pressure on endangered plant species or communities, and to ultimately ensure their viability. Despite the wide range of studies on how fences restrict ungulate herbivory and promote plant protection and conservation, information about what factors condition their effectiveness at a regional level is still lacking. For this reason, we analyzed 90 fences located in a biodiversity hotspot (Southern Spain). We used a model selection approach to evaluate the relative importance of management strategy, landscape context and fence shape for determining ungulate detection within exclosures and discussing its ecological and conservation implications. The level of structural damage (fence permeability) was the main factor to explain ungulate detection within fences. As expected, intact or closed fences were able to exclude large herbivores. Interestingly, semipermeable fences (i.e., with an intermediate level of structural damage) also showed a significant reduction in ungulate crossings (approximately 60%). The fences located in higher altitude landscapes and with high proportions of grassland cover showed more frequent ungulate crossings compared to the lower altitude areas surrounded by pine and Quercus spp. formations. Ungulate detection within fences was less frequent when fences were smaller and had a more complex shape. According to our results, fence networks may benefit from including both nonpermeable and semipermeable fences, while prioritizing complex perimeters that adjust to the boundaries of vegetation patches with threatened plant populations and communities. Ungulate fence crossings varied along an altitudinal gradient and vegetation type, indicating that landscape context can also determine the effectiveness of herbivore exclusion fences. We conclude that integrating fence design, management, and landscape context can improve regional-scale implementation of exclosure networks to better safeguard threatened flora.

This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of the Flora, biogeography and diversity of the serpentine outcrops of Barberton Greenstone Belt in Mpumalanga, South Africa in order to set conservation priorities for these areas. About 30 large and many smaller serpentine outcrops form part of the Barberton Greenstone Belt and consist of various combinations of serpentinized minerals. Seven outcrops were selected to be studied in detail. A floristic analysis recorded 744 species and subspecies, 319 genera and 94 families. The flora includes 33 taxa endemic to serpentine soils and six taxa, which are hyperaccumulators of nickel. The endemic taxa make up 41 % of the endemics of the Barberton Centre of Endemism. The serpentine flora was found to be different to the surrounding non-serpentine vegetation in terms of numbers of species per family, the ratios of dicotyledons to monocotyledons and familial composition. The Asteraceae and the Anacardiaceae support a higher number of endemics than expected, which suggests genetic pre-adaptation within these families and specifically within the genera Berkheya, Helichrysum and Ozoroa. Most of the endemic taxa exhibit long-range dispersal suggesting gene flow between populations on different outcrops. The endemics represent a mix of neo-endemics and paleoendemics. Non-parametric species richness estimators used to predict the species richness of each site, indicated that five serpentine outcrops have higher species richness than the surrounding non-serpentine areas. Indices of diversity calculated showed similar patterns to those of the species richness estimates. The Barberton Greenstone Belt serpentine outcrops show relatively high plant diversity when compared to some other serpentine outcrops around the world. Beta diversity calculated for each site was not correlated with altitude and weakly correlated with the size of outcrops. Species turnover between outcrops is high and is positively correlated with the geographical distance between outcrops. Diversity at higher taxonomic levels were calculated, and results suggest that genera have some potential for facilitating the ranking of outcrops in terms of biological richness to select sites for conservation planning. Less than 30% of serpentine outcrops are adequately conserved. Species and genus richness and endemism were used to select five outcrops that have high conservation priority. iv To my husband John and my children Alex and Christine v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Kevin Balkwill for his constant support, encouragement and motivation throughout the many years of my part-time PhD. Without his knowledge, enthusisasm, guideance and careful editing this thesis would not have been compelted. The National Research Foundation is acknowledged for financial assistance. Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency, SAPPI Forests and Richard Elphick of T.F. Elphick & Sons (Pty) Ltd., Malelane are thanked for permission to collect specimens on their properties. Dr Vivienne Williams is thanked for her assistance with the diversity data analyses and Dr Renee Reddy for her tireless help with acquiring papers, plant identifications and other support. Dr. Mervyn Lötter (of MTPA) is thanked for his assistance with additional species locations and conservationinformation.

The genus Crepidotus in Europe is considered. After an examination of 550 collections seventeen species and eight varieties are recognized. Two keys are supplied; all taxa accepted are typified. Morphological, ecological and chorological characters are critically evaluated. Descriptive statistics are used for basidiospore size. An infrageneric classification is proposed based on phenetic relationships using different cluster methods. The new combinations C. calolepis var. squamulosus and C. cesatii var. subsphaerosporus are introduced. The spore ornamentation as seen in the scanning electron microscope provides the best character for species delimitation and classification.

Cytisus aeolicus is a narrow endemic species restricted to the Aeolian archipelago (SE Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) and it is one of the most evolutionarily isolated plants in the Mediterranean flora. Historical and literature data suggest that both metapopulations and isolated individuals of C. aeolicus are gradually shrinking. Field investigations and drone images demonstrate that the C. aeolicus metapopulation from Stromboli experienced a strikingly fast increase during the last decades. As of 2019, more than 7000 ± 3000 mature individuals occur on Stromboli, i.e. 14 to 20 times more than those counted during the last census, 25 years ago. The diachronic analysis of aerial photos concerning last 80 years and the analysis of the growth rings of some selected plants pointed out that the surface occupied, the demographic structure and the distribution pattern of the subpopulations of Stromboli has been highly fluctuating during last decades. Moreover, data issuing from field observations ...

Recent studies have suggested that subtle microvascular and tubulointerstitial injury in the kidney can cause salt-sensitive hypertension. To test this hypothesis, we determined whether the mild renal disease induced by transient blockade of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis would result in salt-sensitive hypertension and whether prevention of the renal injury by coadministration of the immunosuppressive agent mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) would block the development of salt sensitivity. N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME; 70 mg/100 ml in the drinking water) was administered for 3 wk to rats with or without MMF (30 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1) by gastric gavage), followed by a 1-wk "washout" period in which the MMF was continued, which was followed in turn by placement on a high-salt (4% NaCl) diet for an additional 4 wk. Renal histology was examined at 3 and 8 wk, and blood pressure was measured serially. L-NAME treatment resulted in acute hypertension and the development of...

RESUMEN. Son presentados datos etnobotánicos sobre el uso de plantas por los herederos culturales de los africanos en Brasil. El trabajo de campo fue conducido en la ciudad de Recife, estado de Pernambuco. Se informan los nombres comunes y científicos y los usos de 60 especies. Esta nota también informa sobre la planta conocida por Jurema [Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir.] y hace algunos comentarios sobre los usos de plantas alucinógenas. SUMMARY. Ethnobotanical data on plants which are used by cultural descendants of african people in Brazil are reported. The work field was carried in the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco (Brazil). Common and scientific names and data on plant use are given for 60 species. This note also reports on the plant known as Jurema [Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir.] and cominents on some aspects on the use of hallucinogenic plants. Plants were collected from different localities in the state of Pernambuco (Brazil), between 1992 and 1995. Voucher specimens were identified and deposited at the UFP herbarium, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. With the exception of a few common cultivars, al1 species were collected and stored as permanent voucher specimens. Ethnobotanical data were obtained by inter-PALABRAS CLAVE: Cultos afrobrasileños, Etnobotánica, Plantas alucinógenas, Plantas iiledicinales.

In this work, we will approach a woody usage that is a cultural symbol: bonfires in honor of Catholic Saints (John the Baptist, Anthony and Peter). We aimed to investigate the contribution of the bonfire tradition to woody resource use in an area of the Atlantic Forest in the Três Ladeiras community, NE Brazil. We sought to verify the extent to which this tradition can impact forest resources, as well as to register the local population's impressions about such traditions. This study was carried out in June celebrations (festas juninas) of 2007 and 2008 (except for the Saint Anthony celebration in 2007), when we performed semi-structured interviews, photographic recordings and measurements of all the community bonfires. We registered a total volume of 146.26 m³ of piled wood in the bonfires. Resource acquisition for bonfires in recent years was classified as being difficult by 90% of the respondents, mainly due to the local context of prohibition against forest resource use. These findings indicate that extraction of wood products for bonfires in the community is not concentrated in forest areas, hence one has to be cautious when inferring about the impacts resulting from this tradition.

The bark anatomy of28 species of arborescent Leguminosae of 'cerrado' and gallery forest in the Brazilian Federal District was examined. The most significant characteristics for taxonomic purposes were determined to be: delimitation between collapsed and non-collapsed phloem; phloem stratification; type and position of sieve plates; dilatation patterns; arrangement and contents of sc1ereids; and presence of secretory cells. The bark data support the idea that Papilionoideae is the most advanced group of the Leguminosae.

The Florence Natural History Museum was promoted in the 18th century by the enlightened Grand Duke Peter Leopold. Its opening to the public in 1775 represent-ed an unprecedented event as, until then, natural history museums were viewed as places exclusively reserved for ...