Network-based informatics support of research collaborations in the Human Genome Project and the Human Brain Project
PubMed, 1995
Sophisticated network-based informatics support will increasingly be required for collaborating b... more Sophisticated network-based informatics support will increasingly be required for collaborating biomedical laboratories located in different geographic locations, both to accommodate the massive amount of data being generated in certain fields, and to allow different types of data produced at different laboratories to be analyzed in an integrated fashion. The paper describes the experience of the Yale Center for Medical Informatics in providing informatics support for collaborative projects in gene mapping (as part of the national Human Genome Project) and neuroscience (as part of the national Human Brain Project). The paper describes the informatics needs of the two projects and the solutions being developed, describes certain lessons learned, and discusses certain broader issues that arise.
Session Introduction
The CEPH consortium linkage map of human chromosome 16
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 1995
International audienceA Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) consortium map of human... more International audienceA Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) consortium map of human chromosome 16 has been constructed. The map contains 158 loci defined by 191 different probe/restriction enzyme combinations or primer pairs. The marker genotypes, contributed by 9 collaborating laboratories, originated from the CEPH families DNA. A total of 60 loci, with an average heterozygosity of 68%, have been placed on the framework genetic map. The genetic map contains 7 genes. The length of the sex-averaged map is 165 cM, with a mean genetic distance between loci of 2.8 cM; the median distance between markers is 2.0 cM. The male map length is 136 cM, and the female map length is 197 cM. The map covers virtually the entire chromosome, from D16S85, within 170 to 430 kb of the 16p telomere, to D16S303 at 16qter. The markers included in the linkage map have been physically mapped on a partial human chromosome 16 somatic cell hybrid panel, thus anchoring the genetic map to the cytogenetic-based physical map
Primate Research Supplement International Primatological Society, 2010
By increasing the number of genes, gene duplication allows gain of new functions and properties, ... more By increasing the number of genes, gene duplication allows gain of new functions and properties, and is one of the most important mechanisms for genome evolution. The alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene family exists widely in the genomes of many organisms, and provides a fine model for evolution of gene families. The seven human ADH genes are classified into five classes based on nucleotide/amino acid sequence similarity. Mice have six ADH genes in the same order as humans. One of the most interesting differences between humans and mice is that mice have only one Class I gene. The three Class I genes (ADH1A, ADH1B, ADH1C) in humans show very high nucleotide similarity both in exons (> 90%) and introns (> 70%), suggesting duplication events occurred probably after primates diverged from rodents. We have proposed a hypothesis that the primates' frugivorous behavior has maintained the duplicated genes because of the necessity of digesting ethanol generated by fermentation of fruit sugar. To test the hypothesis, we are screening the BAC clone libraries of 11 primates, and sequencing the ADH cluster clones in order to obtain nucleotide sequence information for the whole region of the gene cluster in the primates. Initial analyses of the three Class I genes suggest that the Class I genes have evolved without concerted evolution. Here we present the progress of the sequencing on the ADH gene cluster evolution in primate lineage.
Testing of Evolutionary Independence in Simulated Phylogenetic Trees
Systematic zoology, Dec 1, 1978
... Genetica, Universitd di Pavia 27100 Pavia, Italy), A. Piazza (Istituto di Genetica Medica, Un... more ... Genetica, Universitd di Pavia 27100 Pavia, Italy), A. Piazza (Istituto di Genetica Medica, Universitd di Torino, 10100 Torino, Italy), and KK Kidd (Department of ... At this time the two variate techniques, and tests of hypothe-daughter populations have the same val-ses can be set up ...
An analysis of the genetics of schizophrenia
Social biology, Sep 1, 1973
Abstract Data on the inheritance of schizophrenia indicate that both genetics and environment con... more Abstract Data on the inheritance of schizophrenia indicate that both genetics and environment contribute importantly to the manifestation of the disease. However, heterogeneity of the data makes an accurate analysis very difficult. In this paper, a crude analysis of a threshold model, using a polygenic or a single gene hypothesis, shows that both are in approximate agreement with the data. Though argument about genetic models seems futile when virtually any model can account for the data, the single gene hypothesis is unavoidably more attractive at this stage. If a single gene is involved, the allele predisposing toward schizophrenia should be considered as essentially, though not entirely, recessive; all genotypes would be strongly affected by unknown environmental factors; and even some genetically normal individuals would manifest the disorder.
Abstracts of workshop presentations pp. 1075-1091
Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 1989
Low linkage disequilibrium at the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene in the telomeric region of chromosome 11
The search for the gene that causes the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) syndrome is... more The search for the gene that causes the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) syndrome is entering a new phase. Genetic linkage studies have localized the gene to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 10. The statistical portion of mapping the gene for MEN 2A is nearly complete and now classical molecular biological/gene mapping techniques will be employed. We have used fluorescence in situ hybridization to estimate the size of the MEN2A region to be about 2 to 5 mb, using some liberal assumptions; at worst the region should contain no more than about 10 mb of non-alphoid DNA. Our mapping panels (meiotic recombinant and radiation reduced hybrid) give consistent orders of markers in this small region. We describe our initial attempts to clone the region using yeast artificial chromosomes.
Probable linkage between the human galactose-1-P uridyl transferase locus and 9qh
PubMed, Mar 1, 1980
Evaluation of a family in which electrophoretic variants of the eznyme galactose-1-phosphate urid... more Evaluation of a family in which electrophoretic variants of the eznyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) and 9qh variants occur demonstrates close linkage between these two traits: lod score of 3.67 at theta = 0. Taken with information indicating GALT is on the short arm of chromosome 9, these linkage data suggest that this locus is close to the centromere on the short arm of chromosome 9.
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Papers by Kenneth Kidd