Papers by Thomas Kolawole Ojo
Public bus/minibus safety concerns predispose passengers to make safety evaluations and engage in... more Public bus/minibus safety concerns predispose passengers to make safety evaluations and engage in behavioural adaptations (i.e. behaviour change to compensate for changes in perceived risk) to the perceived unsafety. This cross-sectional study sought to explore Public Transport (PT) users' choice of seating positions in Ghana, a form of behavioural adaptation to PT unsafety. Data for the study came from 660 public bus/minibus users (through questionnaire administration) in three towns (Wa, Kumasi, and Mankessim) in Ghana. We established the association between the dependent (preferred seating position) and independent variables (sociodemographic characteristics, trip duration and perceived safe seats) via cross-tabulations and Pearson Chi-Square. We tested the strength of the association (effect size) among the variables using the Cramer's V. We found that the seats behind the driver, in the middle and in front were both the perceived safe seats and the preferred seating positions on a public bus/minibus in Ghana. Justifications for these were mainly informed by safety and comfort. Notably, we observed that occupational status, trip duration and perceived safe seats determine the preferred seating position on a public bus/minibus. Our study findings provide further perspectives on passengers' seating position decisions which are expected to inform future research and policy directions.
Interurban commercial bus drivers are confronted with inherent risk of over speeding, road curvat... more Interurban commercial bus drivers are confronted with inherent risk of over speeding, road curvature, road geometry, and weather condition predisposing them to Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs). Lived experiences of inter-urban commercial bus drivers involved in RTCs in Ghana remains relatively underreported. This relates to their experiences and opinions on the causes of RTCs and the post-experiences as survivors. This paper is an exploratory qualitative study involving face-to-face in-depth interviews with 15 interurban commercial bus drivers who survived RTCs and still drive. The sample was a mix of purposive and snowball sampling techniques at the terminals/stations of interurban commercial bus drivers in Cape Coast, the Capital city of Central Region. The analysis revealed environmental factors (such as weather condition, road surface, road curvature) accounted for the RTCs. Survivors received poor pre-hospital trauma care and no welfare package. Measures to RTCs could include road/transport infrastructure improvements and survivors are to be provided with social welfare package.
Seat belt use does not only save lives but prevents the severity of injuries in road traffic cras... more Seat belt use does not only save lives but prevents the severity of injuries in road traffic crashes (RTCs). Vehicle type and usage have been found to influence the use of seat belt in cities like Kumasi, the host of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) campus. This paper presents a study on an un-obstructive survey of seat belt use by vehicle occupants entering and leaving KNUST campus through the four entrances from 7 to 9 am and 3 to 5 pm on five weekdays. A total of 5489 vehicles with 9542 occupants comprising 5489 drivers, front-right and first back seat and second back seat passengers were observed. The majority of the private and SUV drivers used seat belts. Meanwhile, almost all the commercial drivers did not use seat belts. There is a statistically significant relationship between vehicle type and use and the use of seat belt in KNUST.
Developing Country Studies, 2014
This study is to investigate customer satisfaction using SERVQUAL model with regards to public tr... more This study is to investigate customer satisfaction using SERVQUAL model with regards to public transportation, specifically intercity bus on Cape Coast-Accra route in Ghana. The SERVQUAL method comprised five dimensions namely reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy and responsiveness. These five dimensions comprise 26 attributes. The route purposively chosen was Cape Coast-Accra route on which 162 copies of selfadministered questionnaires were served on passengers by systematic sample. The results indicate gaps in two of the five dimensions and 15 attributes were ascertained to have influenced perception of service quality leading to customer dissatisfaction. Recommendations for improvement in service quality resulting in customer satisfaction have been made.
Perceiving Risk of Automobile Drivers on Mobile Phone Usage While Driving in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
The cross sectional study of perceived risk of automobile drivers using mobile phone while drivin... more The cross sectional study of perceived risk of automobile drivers using mobile phone while driving was carried using 250 questionnaires on habits and experience of automobile drivers in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. The questionnaires were served through purposive random sampling technique at mechanic workshops in the metropolis. This was supported with the use of secondary data from FRSC, journals and unpublished thesis. The analysis of the data revealed that, majority of the respondents do not whether partially or totally make or receive calls, send or read text messages, switch off or use cell phones in traffic. A further analysis showed that, a higher percentage of the respondents had not experienced road traffic accidents and run a stop sign, as a result of using mobile phone while driving. But most of the respondents had experienced slower reaction time to traffic signs and objects and lost control from using mobile phone while driving.
This study is to investigate customer satisfaction using SERVQUAL model with regards to public tr... more This study is to investigate customer satisfaction using SERVQUAL model with regards to public transportation, specifically intercity bus on Cape Coast-Accra route in Ghana. The SERVQUAL method comprised five dimensions namely reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy and responsiveness. These five dimensions comprise 26 attributes. The route purposively chosen was Cape Coast-Accra route on which 162 copies of self-administered questionnaires were served on passengers by systematic sample. The results indicate gaps in two of the five dimensions and 15 attributes were ascertained to have influenced perception of service quality leading to customer dissatisfaction. Recommendations for improvement in service quality resulting in customer satisfaction have been made. Introduction Public transportation comprises all transport facilities in which passengers do not use their personal means of transportation to travel. It includes shared taxis, mini buses (popularly called tro-tro), buse...
Passenger movements development and structure at Murtala Muhammed International Airport, Lagos
Public Transport, 2014
ABSTRACT Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) is a primary international airport in Nige... more ABSTRACT Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) is a primary international airport in Nigeria in terms of passenger movements and availability of facilities and services. As a result of this, the study seeks to assess passenger movements in MMIA for the last ten years and the passenger composition today. Due to the research objectives, the study employs both quantitative and qualitative techniques for data acquisition and analysis. The quantitative aspect of this work deals with the quantitative techniques that are used in collecting the data and the follow up statistics for the analysis. The study relies heavily on both primary and secondary sources of data. The research employs an accidental sampling technique since the target population was in transit at the airport. The analysis of the data reveals that the number of passengers increased by 90.2 % between 2000 and 2008, and dropped by 2.7 % between 2008 and 2009; 87.6 % of the passengers had attained tertiary education; 34.2 % traveled for educational purpose; 50 % of the airlines operated African countries. The study will help the airport marketing to identify target groups, and it will also help policy makers not only in Nigeria but all over the sub-continent to think about long-term strategies towards establishing a viable international airport.
The general aim of this research was to ascertain the relationship between service qu... more The general aim of this research was to ascertain the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction. This was ascertained with the use of QUALBUS dimensions and how each influences student‟s
satisfaction. The purpose and reasons for using campus shuttle were also elucidated. The research methodology
was a cross sectional survey at the two designated bus stops for the University of Cape Coast‟s bus shuttling service at Old site (South campus) and Science (North campus) of 300 questionnaires through simple randomly sampling. The reliability of the study was tested by cronbach‟s alfa. Frequency, percentage, correlation and regression were used for the data analysis. The results of the study indicate that 55% of the respondents were male; 70.2% were aged between 20-24years; 67.3% used the shuttle every other day; 50.5% used the campus shuttle because of the lower transport fares; 83.7% used the campus shuttle for educational reasons. Furthermore the results revealed that only reliability variable has a significant relationship with student satisfaction because it has a p-value smaller than α = 0.05. Attempts to improve on service quality to influence student satisfaction should be directed at assurance, tangibility, empathy and receptivity variables. The study could have looked all passengers‟ satisfaction coupled with an in-depth interview of the transport officers.
The study assessed the quality of campus shuttle bus service in three Ghanaian publi... more The study assessed the quality of campus shuttle bus service in three Ghanaian public universities, namely University of Cape Coast (UCC), University of Ghana (UG) and Kwame Nkrumah University of Science Technology (KNUST). This was ascertained by a cross sectional study through the administration of 891 copies of pretested SERVQUAL questionnaire at designated bus stops for campus shuttle bus service. The study revealed perceived poor quality bus service for UCC and UG but perceived good quality shuttle bus service for KNUST. In general, there was perceived poor quality bus service for all the attributes and dimensions when the three public universities were considered as a whole. Recommendations were proffered for better service delivery and perception.
Drivers do engage in the use of mobile phone while driving despite the legislation frowning at su... more Drivers do engage in the use of mobile phone while driving despite the legislation frowning at such act. This cross sectional mixed method study sought to find out the rate of usage of phones in the three residential density areas in Ibadan. Multi-stage sampling techniques were used for the questionnaire administration and purposive sampling technique for observation. The results of the analysis revealed more males used mobile phones while driving in the three residential density areas; total volume of traffic per day is highest in the medium density area; highest percentage of violation was recorded between 3pm-4pm; highest percentage of drivers were spotted using mobile phone on the wheel on Monday and recommendations were offered to reduce the rate of mobile phone usage by drivers.
The Intercity State Transport Company is one of the two state funded transport companies in Ghana... more The Intercity State Transport Company is one of the two state funded transport companies in Ghana competing
with a range of other service providers mainly from the private sector in the industry. Once well respected and described as the pride of intercity travels in Ghana, it is currently a mere shadow of its former glory with rapid decline in passenger movements over the past years. This study sought to analyse passenger movements over the past five years and also explored challenges that have led to the steady decline of ISTC over the years. Secondary data was provided by the company and this was complemented with in-depth interviews with management. Findings of the study revealed that the service suffered a 60% decline in passenger movement between 2007 and 2011; however there was a high utilization of its services in January 2010 and December 2011. Finally, there was no statistically significant difference in the volume of passengers between 2010 and 2011. 
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Papers by Thomas Kolawole Ojo
satisfaction. The purpose and reasons for using campus shuttle were also elucidated. The research methodology
was a cross sectional survey at the two designated bus stops for the University of Cape Coast‟s bus shuttling service at Old site (South campus) and Science (North campus) of 300 questionnaires through simple randomly sampling. The reliability of the study was tested by cronbach‟s alfa. Frequency, percentage, correlation and regression were used for the data analysis. The results of the study indicate that 55% of the respondents were male; 70.2% were aged between 20-24years; 67.3% used the shuttle every other day; 50.5% used the campus shuttle because of the lower transport fares; 83.7% used the campus shuttle for educational reasons. Furthermore the results revealed that only reliability variable has a significant relationship with student satisfaction because it has a p-value smaller than α = 0.05. Attempts to improve on service quality to influence student satisfaction should be directed at assurance, tangibility, empathy and receptivity variables. The study could have looked all passengers‟ satisfaction coupled with an in-depth interview of the transport officers.
with a range of other service providers mainly from the private sector in the industry. Once well respected and described as the pride of intercity travels in Ghana, it is currently a mere shadow of its former glory with rapid decline in passenger movements over the past years. This study sought to analyse passenger movements over the past five years and also explored challenges that have led to the steady decline of ISTC over the years. Secondary data was provided by the company and this was complemented with in-depth interviews with management. Findings of the study revealed that the service suffered a 60% decline in passenger movement between 2007 and 2011; however there was a high utilization of its services in January 2010 and December 2011. Finally, there was no statistically significant difference in the volume of passengers between 2010 and 2011.