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Children in Organized Armed Violence

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lightbulbAbout this topic
Children in Organized Armed Violence refers to the involvement of minors in armed conflicts, militias, or gangs, where they may serve as combatants, support personnel, or victims. This phenomenon encompasses the social, psychological, and legal implications of their participation and the impact on their development and well-being.
lightbulbAbout this topic
Children in Organized Armed Violence refers to the involvement of minors in armed conflicts, militias, or gangs, where they may serve as combatants, support personnel, or victims. This phenomenon encompasses the social, psychological, and legal implications of their participation and the impact on their development and well-being.

Key research themes

1. What are the psychological and developmental effects of exposure to organized armed violence on young children and adolescents?

This theme focuses on the mental health consequences and developmental challenges faced by young children and adolescents exposed to political violence, war, and terrorism. The research highlights age-specific psychological responses, the role of family and social environments, and the complex symptomatology such as PTSD, behavioral issues, and psychosomatic complaints that manifest differently across developmental stages. Understanding these effects is crucial for creating age-appropriate interventions and support systems to mitigate the adverse outcomes of armed conflict on children.

Key finding: This systematic review of 35 studies encompassing 4,365 children aged 0-6 years identifies that exposure to war and terrorism results in PTSD, behavioral and emotional symptoms, sleep disturbances, and psychosomatic issues... Read more
Key finding: This work elucidates how cumulative trauma and adversity from paramilitary violence lead to complex PTSD symptom clusters among youth in post-conflict societies, including intrusive re-experiencing, hyperarousal, emotional... Read more
Key finding: Through focus groups with fighters and non-fighters aged 13-17, this study reveals individual, familial, and social risk and protective factors influencing youth involvement in violence. It documents how parental attitudes,... Read more

2. How do voluntary and forced recruitment processes operate for children in armed groups, and what socioecological factors drive children's engagement and reintegration challenges?

This research area investigates the multifaceted drivers behind children's recruitment—whether voluntary or coerced—into armed forces and groups, emphasizing the interplay of economic hardship, social insecurity, ideological factors, and family dynamics. It further explores the implications of stigmatization, protection gaps, and policy challenges for the reintegration and support of these children, thereby informing comprehensive interventions to prevent recruitment and assist former child combatants.

Key finding: This qualitative study identifies economic insecurity, traumatic conflict exposure, and erosion of familial protective structures as key overlapping push factors compelling adolescents aged 14-20 to 'voluntarily' join armed... Read more
Key finding: Through Colombian field research, this chapter critiques the categorization of former child soldiers, emphasizing how discourse shapes victimhood and agency perceptions. It argues for integrative support mechanisms that... Read more
Key finding: This analysis contextualizes child soldier recruitment within global trends of nonstate armed actors exploiting children's malleability, low cost, and tactical advantages. It underscores how children are subjected to... Read more

3. What legal, social, and policy frameworks exist concerning children in organized armed violence, and how do these align or diverge from the realities on the ground?

This theme interrogates the effectiveness and gaps of international humanitarian, human rights, and national legal systems addressing children's recruitment, protection, and rehabilitation in armed conflicts. It also explores the disjunction between international legal prescriptions and local practices, including issues of prosecution, education disruption, and rights realization for children affected by violence. These insights are vital for informing advocacy, jurisprudence, and policy reforms aimed at closing implementation gaps.

Key finding: This paper analyzes Colombian and international law relative to prosecuting former child soldiers, revealing tension between viewing children exclusively as victims versus perpetrators of war crimes. It argues for alternative... Read more
Key finding: This conceptual work broadens the understanding of militarism beyond battlefields to include subtle, systemic militarization in children's everyday lives globally. It critiques monolithic views of childhood militarization and... Read more
Key finding: This comparative legal analysis identifies convergences and divergences between international humanitarian law and Islamic law regarding child protection in armed conflicts. It highlights potential for mutual reinforcement... Read more
by Myriam Denov and 
1 more
Key finding: This critical review exposes the disconnect between international child rights instruments and their practical impact in conflict zones, showing how policies frequently fail to translate into meaningful protection for... Read more

All papers in Children in Organized Armed Violence

Dentre as diversas manifestações dos chamados Atores Não Estatais Violentos (ANEVs), o fenômeno conhecido como Novo Cangaço (NC) emergiu no Brasil em torno dos anos 1990, tornando-se atualmente uma ameaça de cunho... more
With the advent of new weapons of different nature and type of use on the battlefields in recent regional and international conflicts and the increasing development of weapons of the autonomous, intelligent, UAV and non-lethal weapons,... more
A presença de crianças1 enquanto atores envolvidos em manifestações de violência, sejam elas conflitos armados, narcotráfico, terrorismo, entre outras formas, não é um fenômeno novo. Contudo, somente a partir do aprofundamento e... more
Water resources in the armed conflict are facing extensive destruction and pollution. Today, protection of water and water resources has become increasingly important during armed conflict. Water resources can be used as a means of... more
In the past, most armed conflicts were international, but today armed conflicts often are non-international and internal conflicts. However most of international armed conflicts rules are about international armed conflicts and some of... more
David Pimentel: Fenômeno centroamericano das maras y pandillas O fenômeno das maras e pandillas [1], termos usados em El Salvador, Guatemala e Honduras para se referir a gangues de rua compostas principalmente por jovens do sexo... more
O presente artigo analisa a situação das crianças que são aliciadas como soldados em meio a conflitos armados na América Latina, especialmente na Colômbia **. Embora exista um aparato normativo que busca assegurar os direitos das... more
El fenómeno de los niños-soldado y el límite de la Tutela Jurídica Internacional [1] María Stefania Cataleta [2] Introducción [arriba]-Según el Derecho Internacional, "niño soldado" significa "persona, hombre o mujer, menor de 18 años de... more
O presente artigo analisa a situacao das criancas que sao aliciadas como soldados em meio a conflitos armados na America Latina, especialmente na Colombia**. Embora exista um aparato normativo que busca assegurar os direitos das criancas,... more
Article Type: Research Article While the legal validity of unilateral acts of states has been subject to various challenges, in the actual practice of states such acts have long existed as regards their daily ordinary relations, so much... more
This paper analyzes the role played by the application of International Law of ArmedConflicts (LOAC or International Humanitarian Law, IHL) to non-state actors involved in armed conflicts of an asymmetrical nature, in particular the... more
The analysis will be focused on the dimension of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law, will be necessary to consider some parameters that serve as conceptual axis on which support the interpretive reading and analytical... more
Es sólo unos años llevé a cabo una investigación sobre los niños soldados en Colombia y llegó, por desgracia, la conclusión alarmante que hoy parecen agravarse: se convirtieron no sólo los niños, a una edad muy temprana, en combates en el... more
The right to life, survival, and development, which is discussed in Article 6 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, has stated three different levels of protection necessary for children in the direction of the right to life. One... more
Resumo Este trabalho discute o conceito de vítima e sua aplicação no estudo de crianças soldados, a partir de uma discussão global sobre o emprego de meninas soldados em conflitos armados, visto que esse grupo é duplamente invisibilizado... more
Modelo de publicación sin fines de lucro para conservar la naturaleza académica y abierta de la comunicación científica PDF generado a partir de XML-JATS4R Artículos de reflexión derivados de investigación Deshumanización del enemigo como... more
El objeto de estudio en esta investigacion es el uso y la participacion de ninos en la guerra como un fenomeno masivo. El objetivo principal de esta investigacion es profundizar en las causas que han impulsado en las ultimas tres decadas... more
Succession of states to obligations resulting from international wrongful acts is related to the broader topic of succession to international responsibility about which there are very different opinions. Applying a descriptive-analytical... more
Con este fin se analiza la participación de la ONG en el reconocimiento internacional de dicha práctica como una problemática de derechos humanos, al tiempo que se contrapone a las perspectivas de los contextos socio-políticos y... more
Based on in-depth interviews with former child soldiers in Colombia, this article presents the findings from fieldwork conducted among demobilized child soldiers in Colombia. The findings add to the state of knowledge by going in-depth... more
Governança criminal em tempos de revolução pós-Chávez e legitimidade questionada: Um olhar sobre as diferentes ordens territoriais e atores armados em Caracas compara a configuração de duas ordens territoriais armadas e as formas de... more
Based on in-depth interviews with former child soldiers in Colombia, this article presents the findings from fieldwork conducted among demobilized child soldiers in Colombia. The findings add to the state of knowledge by going in-depth... more
Con este fin se analiza la participación de la ONG en el reconocimiento internacional de dicha práctica como una problemática de derechos humanos, al tiempo que se contrapone a las perspectivas de los contextos socio-políticos y... more
sobre los "Nuevos Retos del Derecho Humanitario en los Conflictos Armados. Su edición en inglés "From Bagdad to Guantanamo. Legal statue and treatment given to the detainees in the "war against terrorism"" está siendo editado por Martinus... more
O artigo apresenta o panorama seguranca na America do Sul, com enfase em seu arco noroieste, considerando o conjunto das tendencias recentes do crime organizado transnacional, do terrorismo e da insurgencia armada com o proposito de... more
En estos ultimos dias, el escenario internacional se hizo eco del cruentisimo combate que tomo lugar en Sri Lanka entre el movimiento guerrillero separatista conocido como “Los Tigres Tamiles” y el gobierno esrilanques. La batalla librada... more
This paper compares how rules of international humanitarian law and rules of Islamic law protect children in armed conflict. It examines areas of convergence and divergence, and areas where there is room for clarification between these... more
Water resources in the armed conflict are facing extensive destruction and pollution. Today, protection of water and water resources has become increasingly important during armed conflict. Water resources can be used as a means of... more
The COVID-19 pandemic has effected implementation of states' international obligations, especially in terms of international human rights law. the right to health was violated more than any other right. In addition, although quarantines,... more
New concepts have emerged in the international legal system that conflict with traditional concepts of international law. Human rights, as defined today, is one of those new concepts that are at conflict with sovereignty, in its... more
El objeto de estudio en esta investigacion es el uso y la participacion de ninos en la guerra como un fenomeno masivo. El objetivo principal de esta investigacion es profundizar en las causas que han impulsado en las ultimas tres decadas... more
Starvation of civilian population as a method of warfare is prohibited in both international and non-international armed conflicts. This proscribed conduct, as a grave breach of international humanitarian law, is criminalized as a war... more
Este texto pretende dar conta da emergência de um novo tipo de violência armada organizada (novíssimas guerras), que ocorre a uma escala cada vez mais micro mas se manifesta, tal como as novas guerras, a nível global. São duas as... more
En estos ultimos dias, el escenario internacional se hizo eco del cruentisimo combate que tomo lugar en Sri Lanka entre el movimiento guerrillero separatista conocido como “Los Tigres Tamiles” y el gobierno esrilanques. La batalla librada... more
International Humanitarian Law (IHL) as a series of rules which aims to protect civilians against the effects of hostilities has prohibited expressly the use of civilians as Human Shield. But voluntarism in human shield poses some... more
Wartime sexual violence is a critical human rights issue that usurps the autonomy of its victims as well as their physical and psychological safety. It occurs in both ethnic and non-ethnic wars, across geographic regions, against both men... more
Countries emerging from armed conflict often experience heightened violence and youth gang activity. Following the signing of peace accords with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia-People's Army (FARC-EP), what are Colombia's risks... more
La tesis doctoral, la consolidacion de los movimientos insurgentes: Al Qaeda en Irak, indaga en los factores que actuan como palanca, para que un determinado movimiento insurrecto, rebelde o revolucionario en su fase incipiente, realice... more
Aunque Río de Janeiro (Río) no ha sido la capital de Brasil desde la década de 1960, es una bella ciudad conocida internacionalmente por su celebración de Año Nuevo con fuegos artificiales en la playa de Copacabana, y por sus desfiles de... more
Ignez Gurgel do Amaral 1 * Resumo: Esse artigo propõe-se a abordar alguns aspectos significativos do Filme "Vozes Inocentes" de Luis Mandoki editado em 2004, a partir das imagens e sons em movimento. O fio condutor deste trabalho serão as... more
La participación activa de menores en situaciones de conflicto armado se da en diversos países del mundo, considerándose un problema global que afecta a cientos de miles de niños y niñas. Sin embargo, los estudios realizados en cuanto a... more
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